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Dilba: Difference between revisions
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|creator = Resangir | |creator = Resangir | ||
|setting = [[wikipedia:Lamuella|Lamuella]] | |setting = [[wikipedia:Lamuella|Lamuella]] | ||
|altname = | |altname = iktilih Dilba | ||
|pronunciation = [ | |pronunciation = [ʔihˈʨ<sup><small>h</small></sup>iliħ ʨɛlˈβä] | ||
|script = Hieroglyphs, Latin | |script = Hieroglyphs, Latin | ||
|familycolor = black | |familycolor = black | ||
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
'''Dilba''' (formally ''iktiil Dilba'' 'our tongue Dilba', assumed pronunciation [ | '''Dilba''' (formally ''iktiil Dilba'' 'our tongue Dilba', assumed pronunciation [ʔihˈʨ<sup><small>h</small></sup>iliħ ʨɛlˈβä]) is an extinct language that was spoken by the Dilb people on the planet Lamuella. | ||
The Dilb people migrated to another desert planet when the Lamuellan climate had become too moderate for them to live. When Lamuella was much later colonised, numerous hieroglyphic scrolls and rock inscriptions were discovered. By these means, the Dilba grammar and a large part of the lexicon have been reconstructed. The original pronunciation was subject to controversy but after compiling works of Dilba grammarians, a relatively plausible phonology has been established. | The Dilb people migrated to another desert planet when the Lamuellan climate had become too moderate for them to live. When Lamuella was much later colonised, numerous hieroglyphic scrolls and rock inscriptions were discovered. By these means, the Dilba grammar and a large part of the lexicon have been reconstructed. The original pronunciation was subject to controversy but after compiling works of Dilba grammarians, a relatively plausible phonology has been established. | ||
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In addition, the status constructi can be used as new nominative absolutus forms. E.g. ''kazakih'' could be translated as 'something at the bird'. The new locative absolutus ''kazakihi'' would mean literally 'at something at the bird' and is used for 'close to the bird'. However, this application of the status constructi is quite seldom. For historical reasons, the status constructi of local cases with or without postpositions are also called ''inverse postpositions''. | In addition, the status constructi can be used as new nominative absolutus forms. E.g. ''kazakih'' could be translated as 'something at the bird'. The new locative absolutus ''kazakihi'' would mean literally 'at something at the bird' and is used for 'close to the bird'. However, this application of the status constructi is quite seldom. For historical reasons, the status constructi of local cases with or without postpositions are also called ''inverse postpositions''. | ||
The proper name ''' | The proper name '''iktilih Dilba''' and the older form '''iktiil Dilba''' are translated literally 'Dilba at my tongue' (translation as attribute). | ||
=== Consonant Mutation === | === Consonant Mutation === | ||
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== Orthography and Phonology == | == Orthography and Phonology == | ||
=== Latin Orthography === | === Latin Orthography === | ||
The Dilba consonants are arranged depending on the number of possible mutation. As mentioned above, the first group are the root consonants, which have two possible mutations. It turns out that the first kind of mutation changes stops to fricatives, the second to nasals. Aspirated stops were formerly mutated to voiceless nasals, which got later in free variation to [h] (as in [ | The Dilba consonants are arranged depending on the number of possible mutation. As mentioned above, the first group are the root consonants, which have two possible mutations. It turns out that the first kind of mutation changes stops to fricatives, the second to nasals. Aspirated stops were formerly mutated to voiceless nasals, which got later in free variation to [h] (as in [ʔihˈʨ<sup><small>h</small></sup>iliħ]). | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
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{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
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|colspan="2"|h | |colspan="2"|h | ||
|a | |a | ||
|y | |y | ||
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|w | |w | ||
|u | |u | ||
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|s<sub><small>0</small></sub> | |||
|s<sub><small>1</small></sub> | |||
|h<sub><small>0</small></sub> | |||
|h<sub><small>1</small></sub> | |||
|h<sub><small>2</small></sub> | |||
|j<sub><small>0</small></sub> | |||
|j<sub><small>1</small></sub> | |||
|w<sub><small>0</small></sub> | |||
|w<sub><small>1</small></sub> | |||
|z | |||
|r | |||
|l | |||
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|colspan="2"|s | |||
|colspan="3"|h | |||
|colspan="2"|j | |||
|colspan="2"|w | |||
|z | |||
|r | |||
|l | |||
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|} | |||
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="3"|p | |colspan="3"|p | ||
|colspan="3"|b | |colspan="3"|b | ||
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|colspan="3"|q | |colspan="3"|q | ||
|- | |- | ||
|p<sub><small>0</small></sub> | |p<sub><small>0</small></sub> | ||
|p<sub><small>1</small></sub> | |p<sub><small>1</small></sub> | ||
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|q<sub><small>2</small></sub> | |q<sub><small>2</small></sub> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|colspan="3"|p | |colspan="3"|p | ||
|colspan="3"|b | |colspan="3"|b | ||