Ditab: Difference between revisions
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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''Dîthâabh'' /ɖiː˧˩θ{{ret}}aːaβ˥˩/) is a language of Tricin's Mintonia inspired by Iau, Proto-Lakes Plain, Dinka, Formor's avian conlang C’ą̂ą́r and Semitic languages (particularly chanted Tiberian Hebrew). | '''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''Dîthâabh'' /ɖiː˧˩θ{{ret}}aːaβ˥˩/) is a language of Tricin's Mintonia inspired by Iau, Proto-Lakes Plain, Dinka, Formor's avian conlang C’ą̂ą́r and Semitic languages (particularly chanted Tiberian Hebrew). | ||
==Todo== | ==Todo== | ||
A reading tradition of Ditab with a Modern Hebrew accent: no tones or vowel or consonant length (so there will be a lot of ambiguity; Ditab isn't actually spoken that way) | A reading tradition of Ditab with a Modern Hebrew accent: no tones or vowel or consonant length (so there will be a lot of ambiguity; Ditab isn't actually spoken that way) | ||
* | * odhubh cabhechoth (fill in tones and vowel lengths) -> oduv kvekhot | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has | {{PAGENAME}} has | ||
* 5 consonants: | * 5 consonants: | ||
** | ** rostral nasalized fricative: m{{lowered}} (written ''b'') | ||
** voiced | ** voiced apico-palatal stop: d | ||
** voiceless | ** voiceless apico-palatal stop: t | ||
** voiceless lamino-palatal stop: c (written ''c'') | ** voiceless lamino-palatal stop: c (written ''c'') | ||
** | ** voiced choanal stop: {{qeth}} (written ''q'') | ||
* | * 21 vowels: ''i ị e ẹ a ạ ọ o ụ u'' /i ɪ e ɛ æ ɑ ɔ o ʊ u/ + nasalized counterparts + ''ă'' (shva na3, by default /ä/); /ɔ o ʊ u/ are really their unrounded counterparts | ||
* 6 pitch accent patterns (level, rising, falling, falling-rising, rising-falling, one like Swedish tone 2) (they should be loosely modeled after tropes) (long and overlone tones should be different; some tones have two nuclei like ''pashtayim'' and ''qadma v'azla'') | |||
There is a three way length distinction as well, in both consonants and vowels. | |||
* 6 pitch accent patterns (level, rising, falling, falling-rising, rising-falling, one like Swedish tone 2) | |||
All | All four stops have continuant allophones (roughly [w{{nas}} ð̠ θ̠ j {{ayin}}]) after vowels, unless they're geminated. | ||
=== Word structure === | === Word structure === | ||
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Most words are underlyingly either open syllable -V: (e.g. o), or "closed syllable" with nucleus -V: and allowed "codas" -C, -V, -VC, -CC, -(unstressed syllable) (e.g. och, o.o, o.och, o.chebh, o.c) | Most words are underlyingly either open syllable -V: (e.g. o), or "closed syllable" with nucleus -V: and allowed "codas" -C, -V, -VC, -CC, -(unstressed syllable) (e.g. och, o.o, o.och, o.chebh, o.c) | ||
Extrametrical elements occur too: | Extrametrical elements occur too: ô.c-co [ô:.c:-cò:] (like -k in TibH vattėbh-k 'and she wept') | ||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has an ASCII friendly orthography in addition to the 'default' one, where some vowels are written with consonant letters. It also has a Hebrew orthography with cantillation marks for tones and weird matres lectionis (like nun, mem, samekh, ayin etc.) | {{PAGENAME}} has an ASCII friendly orthography in addition to the 'default' one, where some vowels are written with consonant letters. It also has a Hebrew orthography with cantillation marks for tones and weird matres lectionis (like nun, mem, samekh, ayin etc.) | ||
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Verbs inflect by aspect but not tense. Curiously, the imperfective and perfective forms are interchanged when the verb follows the interrogative particle ''củ-'', the negative particle ''bách-'' or the conjunctive particle ''ădhùbh-'', or other preverbs/conjunctions, reminiscent of Old Irish verb allomorphy. | Verbs inflect by aspect but not tense. Curiously, the imperfective and perfective forms are interchanged when the verb follows the interrogative particle ''củ-'', the negative particle ''bách-'' or the conjunctive particle ''ădhùbh-'', or other preverbs/conjunctions, reminiscent of Old Irish verb allomorphy. | ||
{{PAGENAME}} is borderline polysynthetic in that some verbs have to incorporate their objects. {{PAGENAME}} also uses bipersonal inflections. | |||
{{PAGENAME}} is borderline polysynthetic in that some verbs have to incorporate their objects. {{PAGENAME}} also uses bipersonal inflections | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
Revision as of 14:39, 12 May 2023
Ditab (Dîthâabh /ɖiː˧˩θ̠aːaβ˥˩/) is a language of Tricin's Mintonia inspired by Iau, Proto-Lakes Plain, Dinka, Formor's avian conlang C’ą̂ą́r and Semitic languages (particularly chanted Tiberian Hebrew).
Todo
A reading tradition of Ditab with a Modern Hebrew accent: no tones or vowel or consonant length (so there will be a lot of ambiguity; Ditab isn't actually spoken that way)
- odhubh cabhechoth (fill in tones and vowel lengths) -> oduv kvekhot
Phonology
Ditab has
- 5 consonants:
- rostral nasalized fricative: m̞ (written b)
- voiced apico-palatal stop: d
- voiceless apico-palatal stop: t
- voiceless lamino-palatal stop: c (written c)
- voiced choanal stop: ʡ (written q)
- 21 vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ọ o ụ u /i ɪ e ɛ æ ɑ ɔ o ʊ u/ + nasalized counterparts + ă (shva na3, by default /ä/); /ɔ o ʊ u/ are really their unrounded counterparts
- 6 pitch accent patterns (level, rising, falling, falling-rising, rising-falling, one like Swedish tone 2) (they should be loosely modeled after tropes) (long and overlone tones should be different; some tones have two nuclei like pashtayim and qadma v'azla)
There is a three way length distinction as well, in both consonants and vowels.
All four stops have continuant allophones (roughly [w̃ ð̠ θ̠ j ʕ]) after vowels, unless they're geminated.
Word structure
Final stress like Tiberian Hebrew
Most words are underlyingly either open syllable -V: (e.g. o), or "closed syllable" with nucleus -V: and allowed "codas" -C, -V, -VC, -CC, -(unstressed syllable) (e.g. och, o.o, o.och, o.chebh, o.c)
Extrametrical elements occur too: ô.c-co [ô:.c:-cò:] (like -k in TibH vattėbh-k 'and she wept')
Orthography
Ditab has an ASCII friendly orthography in addition to the 'default' one, where some vowels are written with consonant letters. It also has a Hebrew orthography with cantillation marks for tones and weird matres lectionis (like nun, mem, samekh, ayin etc.)
Morphology
Ditab morphology is entirely suffixing except for adjectives. Adjectives are a small closed class and work by infixing and/or changing the vowels in the noun according to a predictable umlaut pattern.
There is no grammatical gender, and two declension classes:
- Class one nouns mark the construct state with the suffix -bẽ́.
- Class two nouns mark the absolute state with -bẽ́.
Verbs inflect by aspect but not tense. Curiously, the imperfective and perfective forms are interchanged when the verb follows the interrogative particle củ-, the negative particle bách- or the conjunctive particle ădhùbh-, or other preverbs/conjunctions, reminiscent of Old Irish verb allomorphy.
Ditab is borderline polysynthetic in that some verbs have to incorporate their objects. Ditab also uses bipersonal inflections.
Syntax
Ditab is strictly OVS. Cleft constructions are common.