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Hammadhi: Difference between revisions

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→‎Example verb: lixām "to write"
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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
 
<!--
The name ''ħammāðī'' comes from Sanskrit ''saṃvāda'' "conversation" with the adjectival suffix ''-ī'' (from Sanskrit ''-ika''). Therefore, its original meaning would have been "conversational [speech]" - i.e. the language used in everyday conversation.
-->
<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->
<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->
<!-- Example categories/headings:  
<!-- Example categories/headings:  
Goals
Goals
Setting
Setting
Inspiration
Inspiration
-->
-->
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
Vowel inventory
Vowel inventory
Consonant inventory
Consonant inventory
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Stress
Stress
Intonation
Intonation
-->


-->
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
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! [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]]
! [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]]
! [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]]
! [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]]
! [[w:Postalveolar consonant|Postalveolar]]
! [[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! [[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]/ [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! [[w:Postalveolar consonant|Postalveolar]]/ [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]/ [[w:Uvular consonant|Uvular]]
! [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]/ [[w:Uvular consonant|Uvular]]
! [[w:Pharyngeal consonant|Pharyngeal]]
! [[w:Pharyngeal consonant|Pharyngeal]]
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|
|
| ن n
| ن n
| ڃ ''ñ'' ɲ
| ݧ ''ñ'' ɲ
| ڬ ŋ
| ڹ ŋ
|
|
|
|
|
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| ي ''y'' j
| ي ''y'' j
| و w
| و w
|
|
|
|
|
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|-  
|-  
![[w:Mid vowel|Mid]]
![[w:Mid vowel|Mid]]
| e
| بٖ e
| o
| بٗ o
| ''ē'' eː
| بٖي ''ē'' eː
| ''ō'' oː
| بٗو ''ō'' oː
|-  
|-  
![[w:Open vowel|Open]]
![[w:Open vowel|Open]]
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Intonation
Intonation
-->
-->
===Prosody===
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Stress====
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! rowspan="2"| S
! rowspan="2"| S
! Informal
! Informal
| عوڬ ʕauŋ
| عاڹ ʕāŋ
| مي mē
| مي mē
| مج maj
| مج majj
|-
|-
! Formal
! Formal
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|-
|-
! Formal
! Formal
| بيڬ bēŋ
| بيڹ bēŋ
| نو nō
| نو nō
| نون nōn
| نون nōn
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! rowspan="2"| S
! rowspan="2"| S
! Informal
! Informal
| پوڬ pauŋ
| پاڹ pāŋ
| تي tē
| تي tē
| تج tuj
| تج tujj
|-
|-
! Formal
! Formal
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|-
|-
! Formal
! Formal
| چوڬ čūŋ
| جوڹ jūŋ
| بو bō
| بو bō
| بون bōn
| بون bōn
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! rowspan="2"| S
! rowspan="2"| S
! Informal
! Informal
| إيڬ ʔēŋ
| إيڹ ʔēŋ
| نين nēn
| نين nēn
| أچ ʔač
| أچ ʔačč
|-
|-
! Formal
! Formal
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|-
|-
|}
|}
===Numerals===
===Numerals===
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
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|-
|-
! 0
! 0
| حڃ ħuññ
| حݧ ħuññ
|
| حݧم ħuññam
|
| —
|-
|-
! 1
! 1
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| ٿي <u>t</u>ē
| ٿي <u>t</u>ē
| ٿيجم <u>t</u>ījjam
| ٿيجم <u>t</u>ījjam
| ٿبا <u>t</u>ibā
| ٿباغ <u>t</u>ibāğ
|-
|-
! 4
! 4
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|-
|-
! 5
! 5
| ڀنڐ ṗan<u>d</u>
| ڀنز ṗanz
| ڀنڐم ṗan<u>d</u>am
| colspan="2"| ڀنزم ṗanzam
| ڀنڐم ṗan<u>d</u>am
|-
|-
! 6
! 6
| ٿٿ <u>t</u>a<u>tt</u>
| سٿ sa<u>tt</u>
| ٿٿم <u>t</u>a<u>tt</u>am
| colspan="2"| سٿم sa<u>tt</u>am
| ٿٿم <u>t</u>a<u>tt</u>am
|-
|-
! 7
! 7
| حت ħatt
| حت ħatt
| حتم ħattam
| colspan="2"| حتم ħattam
| حتم ħattam
|-
|-
! 8
! 8
| هٿ ha<u>tt</u>
| هٿا ha<u>tt</u>ā
| هٿم ha<u>tt</u>am
| colspan="2"| هٿام ha<u>tt</u>ām
| هٿم ha<u>tt</u>am
|-
|-
! 9
! 9
| نو naww
| نو naww
| نوم nawwam
| colspan="2"| نوم nawwam
| نوم nawwam
|-
|-
! 10
! 10
| دح daħ
| دح daħ
| دحم daħam
| colspan="2"| دحم daħam
| دحم daħam
|-
|-
! 11
! 11
| ياذح yāðaħ
| ياذح yāðaħ
|
| colspan="2"| ياذحم yāðaħam
|
|-
|-
! 12
! 12
| بيذح bēðaħ
| باذح bāðaħ
|
| colspan="2"| باذحم bāðaħam
|
|-
|-
! 13
! 13
| ٿيذح <u>t</u>ēðaħ
| ٿيذح <u>t</u>ēðaħ
|
| colspan="2"| ٿيذحم <u>t</u>ēðaħam
|
|-
|-
! 14
! 14
| صوڐح ṣau<u>d</u>aħ
| صوڐح ṣau<u>d</u>aħ
|
| colspan="2"| صوڐحم ṣau<u>d</u>aħam
|
|-
|-
! 15
! 15
| ڀنڐح ṗan<u>d</u>aħ
| ڀنڐح ṗan<u>d</u>aħ
|
| colspan="2"| ڀنڐحم ṗan<u>d</u>aħam
|
|-
|-
! 16
! 16
| حولح ħōlaħ
| حولح ħōlaħ
|
| colspan="2"| حولحم ħōlaħam
|
|-
|-
! 17
! 17
| حذح ħaððaħ
| حذح ħaððaħ
|
| colspan="2"| حذحم ħaððaħam
|
|-
|-
! 18
! 18
| هٿاذح ha<u>tt</u>āðaħ
| هٿاذح ha<u>tt</u>āðaħ
|
| colspan="2"| هٿاذحم ha<u>tt</u>āðaħam
|
|-
|-
! 19
! 19
| نوذح nōðaħ
| نوذح nōðaħ
|
| colspan="2"| نوذحم nōðaħam
|
|-
|-
! 20
! 20
| بيح bīħ
| بيح bīħ
|
| colspan="2"| بيحم bīħam
|
|-
|-
! 21
! 21
| بيحا إك bīħā ʔekk
| بيحا إك bīħā ʔekk
|
| colspan="2"| بيحا إكم bīħā ʔekkam
|
|-
|-
! 30
! 30
| ٿيح <u>t</u>īħ
| ٿيح <u>t</u>īħ
|
| colspan="2"| ٿيحم <u>t</u>īħam
|
|-
|-
! 40
! 40
| صواريح ṣawārīħ
| صواريح ṣawārīħ
|
| colspan="2"| صواريحم ṣawārīħam
|
|-
|-
! 50
! 50
| ڀنڐيح ṗan<u>d</u>īħ
| ڀنزيح ṗanzīħ
|
| colspan="2"| ڀنزيحم ṗanzīħam
|
|-
|-
! 6
! 60
| ٿٿيح <u>t</u>a<u>tt</u>īħ
| سٿيح sa<u>tt</u>īħ
| ٿٿيحم <u>t</u>a<u>tt</u>īħam
| colspan="2"| سٿيحم sa<u>tt</u>īħam
| ٿٿيحم <u>t</u>a<u>tt</u>īħam
|-
|-
! 7
! 70
| حتيح ħattīħ
| حتيح ħattīħ
| حتيحم ħattīħam
| colspan="2"| حتيحم ħattīħam
| حتيحم ħattīħam
|-
|-
! 8
! 80
| هٿيح ha<u>tt</u>īħ
| هٿائيح ha<u>tt</u>āʔīħ
| هٿيحم ha<u>tt</u>īħam
| colspan="2"| هٿائيحم ha<u>tt</u>āʔīħam
| هٿيحم ha<u>tt</u>īħam
|-
|-
! 9
! 90
| نويح nawwīħ
| نويح nawwīħ
| نويحم nawwīħam
| colspan="2"| نويحم nawwīħam
| نويحم nawwīħam
|-
|-
! 100
! 100
| حا ħā
| حو ħaww
|
| colspan="2"| حوم ħawwam
|
|-
|-
! 101
! 101
| حا إك ħā ʔekk
| حو إك ħaww ʔekk
|
| colspan="2"| حو إكم ħaww ʔekkam
|
|-
|-
! 200
! 200
| بي حا bē ħā
| بي حو bē ħaww
|
| colspan="2"| بي حوم bē ħawwam
|
|-
|-
! 1000
! 1000
| لك lakk
| حاچ ħāč
|
| colspan="2"| حاچم ħāčam
|
|-
|}
===Nouns===
===Verbs===
====Stems====
====Tenses====
====Example verb: ''lixām'' "to write"====
The verb ''lixām'' "to write" is conjugated as follows:
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Non-finite forms of the verb ''lixām'' "to write"
! Infinitive
| ''lixām''
|-
! Present active participle
| ''lixān''
|-
! Present passive participle
| ''lixamān''
|-
! Past active participle
| ''lixipp''
|-
! Past passive participle
| ''lixī''
|-
! Future active participle
| ''lixejj''
|-
! Future passive participle
| ''lixanejj''
|}
 
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Finite forms of the verb ''lixām'' "to write"
! Person
! First
! Second
! Third
! Zeroth
|-
! Aorist
| ''lixam''
| ''lixaθ''
| ''lixat''
| ''lixand''
|-
! Present active
| ''lixānam''
| ''lixānaθ''
| ''lixānat''
| ''lixānand''
|-
! Present passive
| ''lixamānam''
| ''lixamānaθ''
| ''lixamānat''
| ''lixamānand''
|-
! Past active
| ''lixippam''
| ''lixippaθ''
| ''lixippat''
| ''lixippand''
|-
! Past passive
| ''lixiyam''
| ''lixiyaθ''
| ''lixiyat''
| ''lixiyand''
|-
! Future active
| ''lixejjam''
| ''lixejjaθ''
| ''lixejjat''
| ''lixejjand''
|-
! Future passive
| ''lixanejjam''
| ''lixanejjaθ''
| ''lixanejjat''
| ''lixanejjand''
|-
|}
<!--
The forms in the above table are indicative. The corresponding subjunctives are formed with the infix ''-ejj-'' between the stem and the personal ending - e.g. first person forms are ''lixejjam''-->
 
 
<!--
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Finite forms of the verb "to be"
! Person !! Present !!
|-
!
|}-->
 
<!--
====The verb "to be"====
The verb "to be" is conjugated as follows:
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Non-finite forms of the verb "to be"
! Infinitive
|
|-
! Present active participle
| ḥand
|-
|-
|}
|}
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Finite forms of the verb "to be"
! Person !!
|}
-->


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Indo-European languages]]
[[Category:Indo-Iranian languages]]
[[Category:Indo-Aryan languages]]
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