Kesmmi: Difference between revisions
(→Tenses) |
|||
Line 88: | Line 88: | ||
====Tenses==== | ====Tenses==== | ||
The '''simple present''' is analogous to the English simple present. It uses the simple pronouns with the following suffixes: | The '''simple present''' is analogous to the English simple present. It uses the simple pronouns with the following suffixes attached to the present stem: | ||
{| | {| | ||
Line 97: | Line 97: | ||
| 2nd person || -d || -te | | 2nd person || -d || -te | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3rd person || | | 3rd person || no ending || -vad | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Negative || | | Negative || no ending || | ||
|} | |||
For example, here's the conjugation of ''pêth'' (to wash), which has the following stems: infinitive ''pêth'', present ''peze-'', past ''pezi-'', and supine ''pezem''. | |||
{| | |||
! ''pêth'' !! Singular !! Plural | |||
|- | |||
| 1st person || pezen || pezeme | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd person || pezed || pezete | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd person || peze || pezevad | |||
|- | |||
| Negative || peze || | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 14:37, 13 September 2016
Medh Nghêl is the lingua franca of Tumhan. It's a Finnic language with a Sindarin-like aesthetic.
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
Vowels
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Pronouns
Pronouns in Medh Nghêl inflect by polarity (positive/negative). There are also copular pronouns which historically derive from contractions of pronouns with the copula, which inflect by tense (present/past) and mood (indicative/subjunctive).
Person | Simple (non-copular) | Copular | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | subjunctive | |||||||||
positive | negative | present | past | present | past | |||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | positive | negative | positive | negative | |||
1sg | mæ | mine | mole | minœl | moli | minœlyd | môth | minœ̂th | môthol | minœ̂thœl |
2sg | sæ | sine | sole | sinœl | soli | sinœlyd | sôth | sinœ̂th | sôthol | sinœ̂thœl |
3sg animate | hæ | hæne | ho | hænœl | holi | hænœlyd | hôth | hænœ̂th | hôthol | hænœ̂thœl |
3sg inanimate proximal | sê | sî | seio | seiœl | seioli | seiœlyd | seioth | seiœ̂th | seiothol | seiœ̂thœl |
3sg inanimate distal | tô | toe | tôo | toiol | tôoli | toiolud | tôoth | toiôth | tôothol | toiôthol |
1pl | mec | mê | molem | meiœl | molim | meiœlyd | môthim | meiœ̂th | môthimol | meiœ̂thœl |
2pl | tec | tê | tolet | teiœl | tolit | teiœlyd | tôthit | teiœ̂th | tôthitol | teiœ̂thœl |
3pl animate | hec | hê | hova | heiœl | holiv | heiœlyd | hôthiv | heiœ̂th | hôthivol | heiœ̂thœl |
3pl inanimate proximal | nêd | nede | nêdo | nêiœl | nêdoli | nêiœlyd | nêdoth | nêiœ̂th | nêdothol | nêiœ̂thœl |
3pl inanimate distal | nôd | node | nôdo | nôiol | nôdoli | nôiolud | nôdoth | nôiôth | nôdothol | nôiôthol |
Verbs
Verbs in Medh Nghêl have four principal parts: the infinitive stem, which ends in -dh, -n, -l, -r, or -th; the present stem; the past stem; and the supine stem, which ends in -m.
Tenses
The simple present is analogous to the English simple present. It uses the simple pronouns with the following suffixes attached to the present stem:
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
1st person | -n | -me |
2nd person | -d | -te |
3rd person | no ending | -vad |
Negative | no ending |
For example, here's the conjugation of pêth (to wash), which has the following stems: infinitive pêth, present peze-, past pezi-, and supine pezem.
pêth | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
1st person | pezen | pezeme |
2nd person | pezed | pezete |
3rd person | peze | pezevad |
Negative | peze |