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Kola: Difference between revisions
→Verb extensions
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:: ግዙጘነ ''gïzúng<b>än</b>ä'' "to cook each other", ግዙጘኒ ''gïzúng<b>än</b>i'' "to have cooked each other". | :: ግዙጘነ ''gïzúng<b>än</b>ä'' "to cook each other", ግዙጘኒ ''gïzúng<b>än</b>i'' "to have cooked each other". | ||
'''Extensive''' is formed with the suffix ''-äng-'' {''-ng-''}. It indicates a large | '''Extensive''' is formed with the suffix ''-äng-'' {''-ng-''}. It indicates a large quantity. | ||
:e.g. ጔደጘ ''gwèdd<b>äng</b>ä'' "to walk a lot", ጔደጚ ''gwèdd<b>äng</b>i'' "to have walked a lot". | :e.g. ጔደጘ ''gwèdd<b>äng</b>ä'' "to walk a lot", ጔደጚ ''gwèdd<b>äng</b>i'' "to have walked a lot". | ||
:: ግዙጘጘ ''gïzúng<b>äng</b>ä'' "to cook a large amount", ግዙጘጚ ''gïzúng<b>äng</b>i'' "to have cooked a large amount". | :: ግዙጘጘ ''gïzúng<b>äng</b>ä'' "to cook a large amount", ግዙጘጚ ''gïzúng<b>äng</b>i'' "to have cooked a large amount". | ||
'''Intensive''' is formed by reduplicating the final syllable of the root (minus the onset) and shifting the accent one syllable forward. If the root ends in a geminate consonant, it loses its gemination in the base root. The intensive indicates that an action is performed intensively. The intensive and extensive are very similar in meaning and are often more or less interchangeable. | '''Intensive''' is formed by reduplicating the final syllable of the root (minus the onset) and shifting the accent one syllable forward. If the root ends in a geminate consonant, it loses its gemination in the base root. The intensive indicates that an action is performed repeatedly and.or intensively. The intensive and extensive are very similar in meaning and are often more or less interchangeable. | ||
:e.g. ጔደጘ ''gwed<b>èdd</b>ä'' "to walk all over the place", ጔደጚ ''gwed<b>èdd</b>ä'' "to have walked all over the place". | :e.g. ጔደጘ ''gwed<b>èdd</b>ä'' "to walk all over the place", ጔደጚ ''gwed<b>èdd</b>ä'' "to have walked all over the place". | ||
:: ግዙጙጘ ''gïzung<b>úng</b>ä'' "to cook intensively", ግዙጙጚ ''gïzung<b>úng</b>i'' "to have cooked intensively". | :: ግዙጙጘ ''gïzung<b>úng</b>ä'' "to cook intensively/repeatedly", ግዙጙጚ ''gïzung<b>úng</b>i'' "to have cooked intensively/repeatedly". | ||
'''Neuter''' (not very productive) is formed with the suffix ''-(ï)g-''. It is used for the middle voice and can have unpredictable meaning. | '''Neuter''' (not very productive) is formed with the suffix ''-(ï)g-''. It is used for the middle voice and can have unpredictable meaning. | ||
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Suffixes can be stacked. The general order is intensive-causative-applicative-reciprocal-extensive-passive, but this may change depending on meaning. | Suffixes can be stacked. The general order is intensive-causative-applicative-reciprocal-extensive-passive, but this may change depending on meaning. | ||
:e.g. ጔዴዚሽለነጟ ''gwed<b>ezzishlänä́ngwa</b>'' "to be made to walk | :e.g. ጔዴዚሽለነጟ ''gwed<b>ezzishlänä́ngwa</b>'' "to extensively be made to walk repeatedly to each other". | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||