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Lántun: Difference between revisions
→Morphology
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Nouns are simpler in their structure, than verbs, as most information is included as part of the verb. Lántun also does not distinguish between genders, considering that Dragons also lack biological sex/gender. Sentence structure is quite fluid, with words being organised according to importance or novelty. Often the main verb is placed initially. | Nouns are simpler in their structure, than verbs, as most information is included as part of the verb. Lántun also does not distinguish between genders, considering that Dragons also lack biological sex/gender. Sentence structure is quite fluid, with words being organised according to importance or novelty. Often the main verb is placed initially. | ||
===Nouns=== | |||
===Verbs=== | |||
The Lántun verb is characterised by a system of complex [[w:Pronoun|pronominal]] conjugation, in which paradigmatic stem alternations are found. Some personal endings consist of [[w:Portmanteau|portmanteaux]] morphemes expressing notions, such as [[w:Grammatical tense|tense]], [[w:Agent (grammar)|agent]], [[w:Patient (grammar)|patient]] and [[w:Clusivity|clusivity]]. Depending on the number of verbal stems and their position in the verbal paradigm, every Lántun verb belongs to one of two main [[w:Grammatical conjugation|conjugation]] types. Compound verbs are found in Lántun, in fact, most verb stems are not derived from single roots. These compound verbs consist of a verb stem and an auxiliary that adds semantic notions to the main verb. | |||
The Lántun verb can be sectioned into several components: the “inner” part, consisting of a verb stem, and an “outer part”, which includes both suffixes and prefixes. A given verb does not have an affix for every position and the individual positions depend on the conjugation type. | |||
:{| class="wikitable" frame=void style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;" | |||
|- | |||
| '''locative prefixes''' | |||
| '''indirect object prefixes''' | |||
| '''aspect prefix''' | |||
| '''stem''' | |||
| '''suffixes''' | |||
|} | |||
The suffixing conjugation has the following templates: | |||
{| class="wikitable" frame=void style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" | prefixes | |||
! stem | |||
! colspan="11" | suffixes | |||
|- | |||
| p3 | |||
| p2 | |||
| p1 | |||
| 0 | |||
| s1 | |||
| s2 | |||
| s3 | |||
| s4 | |||
| s5 | |||
| s6 | |||
| s7 | |||
| s8 | |||
| s9 | |||
| s10 | |||
| s11 | |||
|- | |||
| <small>locative<br />object</small> | |||
| <small>indirect<br />object</small> | |||
| <small>aspect</small> | |||
| <small>stem</small> | |||
| <small>reflexive</small> | |||
| <small>tense</small> | |||
| <small>2Ag<br />1→2</small> | |||
| <small>1du.2du</small> | |||
| <small>1→3</small> | |||
| <small>3pl</small> | |||
| <small>mood</small> | |||
| <small>3du.Ag<br />1→2pl<br />2pl→3<br />2pl→1</small> | |||
| <small>2du.Pat<br />1du.Pat</small> | |||
| <small>incl.<br />excl.</small> | |||
| <small>3sg.Ag</small> | |||
|} | |||
The prefixing conjugation has the following templates: | |||
{| class="wikitable" frame=void style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="11" | prefixes | |||
! stem | |||
! colspan="2" | suffixes | |||
|- | |||
| p11 | |||
| p10 | |||
| p9 | |||
| p8 | |||
| p7 | |||
| p6 | |||
| p5 | |||
| p4 | |||
| p3 | |||
| p2 | |||
| p1 | |||
| 0 | |||
| s1 | |||
| s2 | |||
|- | |||
| <small>locative<br />object</small> | |||
| <small>indirect<br />object</small> | |||
| <small>3sg.Ag</small> | |||
| <small>3du.Ag<br />1→2pl<br />2pl→3<br />2pl→1<br />2du.Pat<br />1du.Pat</small> | |||
| <small>incl.<br />excl.</small> | |||
| <small>3pl</small> | |||
| <small>1→3</small> | |||
| <small>1du.2du</small> | |||
| <small>2Ag<br />1→2</small> | |||
| <small>reflexive</small> | |||
| <small>aspect</small> | |||
| <small>stem</small> | |||
| <small>tense</small> | |||
| <small>mood</small> | |||
|} | |||
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