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Laceyiam: Difference between revisions
→Indicative future and pluperfect tenses
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|khārak'''auṣṭhän''' | |khārak'''auṣṭhän''' | ||
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==== Voice ==== | |||
Laceyiam has five voices, marked by affixes added, in unprefixed verbs, at the end of the verb. As the patient-trigger voice (common voice in interior verbs) is unmarked, the four voice markers are: | |||
* '''-śe''' for agent-trigger voice (in exterior verbs only); | |||
* '''-käh''' for benefactive-trigger voice; | |||
* '''-tur''' for antibenefactive-trigger voice; | |||
* '''-kūn''' for locative-trigger voice. | |||
Examples of voice marking are ''lehar'' (he/she/it is eaten) — ''leharśe'' (he/she/it eats) — ''leharkäh'' (something is eaten for him/her/it) — ''lehartur'' (something is eaten against him/her/it) — ''leharkūn'' (something is eaten in him/her/it). | |||
In prefixed verbs (including modifiers like ''sų-'' for negation), voice marking is a bit different as the voice marker is inserted between the prefix and the stem, thus forms like ''trāṃlehar'' (he/she/it is repetitively eaten) → ''trāńśelehar'' (he/she/it repetitively eats). Saṃdhi is applied if needed, e.g. ''I put together'' is ''tacehälgdiu'' (morphemically ''tat-śe-hälgdiu'', verb ''tadhälgdike''). | |||
The verb ''naikścīmake'' (to organize), with a dummy fossilized prefix ''nai-'', only uses the voice marker in front outside of patient-trigger voice, thus ''naikścīmiu'' (I am [being] organized) → ''śekścīmiu'' (I organize). | |||
==== The hypothetical mood ==== | ==== The hypothetical mood ==== | ||