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Lifashian: Difference between revisions
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===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
==== | ====Regular verbs==== | ||
The first conjugation in Lifashian is the most common, the one with the most regularized verbal formations, and (by means of the suffix ''-iy-'') the main productive one. Nearly all verbs ending in ''-ámi'' in the first person singular of the present (the citation form) belong to it. | The first conjugation in Lifashian is the most common, the one with the most regularized verbal formations, and (by means of the suffix ''-iy-'') the main productive one. Nearly all verbs ending in ''-ámi'' in the first person singular of the present (the citation form) belong to it. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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The past augment is '''e''' if the root vowel (or first vowel of the root) is a front vowel (e.g. ''berámi'' "I carry", ''eberam'' "I carried"), '''a''' otherwise. | The past augment is '''e''' if the root vowel (or first vowel of the root) is a front vowel (e.g. ''berámi'' "I carry", ''eberam'' "I carried"), '''a''' otherwise. | ||
====Nasal infix verbs==== | |||
The first conjugation in Lifashian is the most common, the one with the most regularized verbal formations, and (by means of the suffix ''-iy-'') the main productive one. Nearly all verbs ending in ''-ámi'' in the first person singular of the present (the citation form) belong to it. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ '''''pinesmi'' (√pisy-) "I mark"''' | |||
|- | |||
! !! Present !! Past | |||
|- | |||
! 1SG | |||
| pines'''mi''' || '''e'''písy'''am''' | |||
|- | |||
! 2SG | |||
| pines'''syi''' || '''e'''písy'''es''' | |||
|- | |||
! 3SG | |||
| pines'''ti''' || '''e'''písy'''et''' | |||
|- | |||
! 1PL | |||
| pins'''mas''' || '''e'''písy'''ame''' | |||
|- | |||
! 2PL | |||
| pins'''te''' || '''e'''písy'''ete''' | |||
|- | |||
! 3PL | |||
| pinsy'''éti''' || '''e'''písy'''át''' | |||
|} | |||
Note that the second person singular present ends in '''-si'''; in the example, it is ''-syi'' due to assimilation to the previous consonant. | |||
====Copula==== | |||
The first conjugation in Lifashian is the most common, the one with the most regularized verbal formations, and (by means of the suffix ''-iy-'') the main productive one. Nearly all verbs ending in ''-ámi'' in the first person singular of the present (the citation form) belong to it. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ '''''esyim'' "to be"''' | |||
|- | |||
! !! Present !! Past | |||
|- | |||
! 1SG | |||
| esyim || astám | |||
|- | |||
! 2SG | |||
| esyi || astás | |||
|- | |||
! 3SG | |||
| esti || astát | |||
|- | |||
! 1PL | |||
| somé || astame | |||
|- | |||
! 2PL | |||
| ste || astate | |||
|- | |||
! 3PL | |||
| séti || astát | |||
|} | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||