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Lifashian: Difference between revisions
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! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
| colspan= | | colspan=3 | — || colspan=2 | tyám || tásam | ||
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! Dative | ! Dative | ||
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<!-- <br/>In older Lifashian (and sometimes in rendering foreign patronymics), a construction similar to Ancient Greek is used for the patronymic (or, rarely, matronymic, as it is not a fixed form), that is, a structure composed of the given name, the corresponding article, and the name of the parent in the genitive case, e.g. ''Freyáná sá Syáhpúré'' "Freyáná the [daughter] of Syáhpúr", ''Habdolláh so Irénors'' "Habdolláh the [son] of Iréné''. --> | <!-- <br/>In older Lifashian (and sometimes in rendering foreign patronymics), a construction similar to Ancient Greek is used for the patronymic (or, rarely, matronymic, as it is not a fixed form), that is, a structure composed of the given name, the corresponding article, and the name of the parent in the genitive case, e.g. ''Freyáná sá Syáhpúré'' "Freyáná the [daughter] of Syáhpúr", ''Habdolláh so Irénors'' "Habdolláh the [son] of Iréné''. --> | ||
Another structure that has a parallel formation in Greek, the genitive interposed between the article and noun, is found to this day in official, formal written Lifashian, as well as in certain speech forms (fixed phrases or official speeches such as Presidential speeches or court verdicts); e.g. | Another structure that has a parallel formation in Greek, the genitive interposed between the article and noun, is found to this day in official, formal written Lifashian, as well as in certain speech forms (fixed phrases or official speeches such as Presidential speeches or court verdicts); e.g. ''at tyám Lífasyám mulúman'' (Parliament of the Lifashians). | ||
Titles (adpositions) follow the proper names they refer to and are not used with any article (e.g. ''Iyústinyanos iluhan rómeyás'' "Roman Emperor Justinian (I)"), unless they include an adjective not part of the title itself, in which case this usually precedes the noun (e.g. ''Nikoláy 2. so ejesiyás iluhan russyás'' "Nicholas II, the last Tsar of Russia").<br/>Titles however regularly use possessives or other determinatives (e.g. ''Syáhpúr barté minso'' "my brother Syáhpúr"). | Titles (adpositions) follow the proper names they refer to and are not used with any article (e.g. ''Iyústinyanos iluhan rómeyás'' "Roman Emperor Justinian (I)"), unless they include an adjective not part of the title itself, in which case this usually precedes the noun (e.g. ''Nikoláy 2. so ejesiyás iluhan russyás'' "Nicholas II, the last Tsar of Russia").<br/>Titles however regularly use possessives or other determinatives (e.g. ''Syáhpúr barté minso'' "my brother Syáhpúr"). | ||
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====Possessives==== | ====Possessives==== | ||
Pronominal possessives follow the same declension of articles, as they are diachronically formed from the pronominal genitive attached to an article; they still have a genitive singular form inherited from PIE, unlike standalone articles. Note that the neuter singular has a ''-t-'' inserted before the article. The possessives are:<br/> | |||
'''''minso''' (mintat, minsá, mintí, mintá, mintás)'' "my, mine" - '''''tuso''''' "your (sg.), yours (sg.)" - '''''suso''''' "his/her(s)/their(s)" - '''''nósso''''' "our, ours" - '''''usso''''' "your (pl.), yours (pl.)" | '''''minso''' (mintat, minsá, mintí, mintá, mintás)'' "my, mine" - '''''tuso''''' "your (sg.), yours (sg.)" - '''''suso''''' "his/her(s)/their(s)" - '''''nósso''''' "our, ours" - '''''usso''''' "your (pl.), yours (pl.)" | ||