8,532
edits
Lifashian: Difference between revisions
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→Aorist and Perfect
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The aorist is used only with a limited number of roots: most of them have a present meaning (as with the PIE stative), but some of them have shifted meaning and are purely past tense forms. There are two aorist classes: | The aorist is used only with a limited number of roots: most of them have a present meaning (as with the PIE stative), but some of them have shifted meaning and are purely past tense forms. There are two aorist classes: | ||
* class I (root), same as the corresponding PIE class, used for only two roots: inherited ''uyal-he'' "I know", and the lone Lifashian innovation '' | * class I (root), same as the corresponding PIE class, used for only two roots: inherited ''uyal-he'' "I know", and the lone Lifashian innovation ''lá-he'' "I have" (< *(s)leh₂g-h₂e, root ''láh-''). | ||
* class II (reduplicated), with a reduplicated initial, including the majority of aorists, e.g. ''ti-stá-he'' "I stand", ''le-lób-a'' "I love [a person]" | * class II (reduplicated), with a reduplicated initial, including the majority of aorists, e.g. ''ti-stá-he'' "I stand", ''le-lób-a'' "I love [a person]" | ||