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Lifashian: Difference between revisions
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* class IV (reduplicated athematic), similar to class I but with a reduplicated initial, such as most notably ''le-lú-mi'' "I give". | * class IV (reduplicated athematic), similar to class I but with a reduplicated initial, such as most notably ''le-lú-mi'' "I give". | ||
* class V (reduplicated thematic), similar to class II but with a reduplicated initial, e.g. ''si-syej-ámi'' "I hold". | * class V (reduplicated thematic), similar to class II but with a reduplicated initial, e.g. ''si-syej-ámi'' "I hold". | ||
* class VI (-númi verbs), adding ''-nú-'' in the singular or ''-nu-'' in the plural to the root. In Lifashian they were more commonly generalized than in other IE languages. Examples include ''istá-nú-mi'' "I raise", | * class VI (-númi verbs), adding ''-nú-'' in the singular or ''-nu-'' in the plural to the root. In Lifashian they were more commonly generalized than in other IE languages. Examples include ''istá-nú-mi'' "I raise", ''tarf-nú-mi'' "I turn", ''di-nú-mi'' "I feed, nurture, nourish", ''lor-nú-mi'' "I dream". | ||
* class VII (-émi), the most regular formation, adds ''-é-'' to the root. An original primary formation (PIE *-é-ye-) is the second most common class, including common verbs such as e.g. ''pur-é-mi'' "I do, make", ''syál-é-mi'' "I fall", ''wil-é-mi'' "I see", ''far-é-mi'' "I tempt, allure, entice". | * class VII (-émi), the most regular formation, adds ''-é-'' to the root. An original primary formation (PIE *-é-ye-) is the second most common class, including common verbs such as e.g. ''pur-é-mi'' "I do, make", ''syál-é-mi'' "I fall", ''wil-é-mi'' "I see", ''far-é-mi'' "I tempt, allure, entice". | ||
* class VIII (-iyámi), a regular formation that adds ''-iy-'' to the root, from secondary PIE *-eye-. It includes many common verbs, and was analogically extended to form the past ''-iyam'' class, a Lifashian innovation. Class VII verbs include e.g. native ''pít-iy-ámi'' "I count, reckon" as well as various verbs formed from borrowed nominals such as ''bón-iy-ámi'' "I build", ''cóc-iy-ámi'' "I cradle", ''salát-iy-ámi'' "I pray". | * class VIII (-iyámi), a regular formation that adds ''-iy-'' to the root, from secondary PIE *-eye-. It includes many common verbs, and was analogically extended to form the past ''-iyam'' class, a Lifashian innovation. Class VII verbs include e.g. native ''pít-iy-ámi'' "I count, reckon" as well as various verbs formed from borrowed nominals such as ''bón-iy-ámi'' "I build", ''cóc-iy-ámi'' "I cradle", ''salát-iy-ámi'' "I pray". | ||