8,507
edits
Lifashian: Difference between revisions
m
→Usage of the article
| Line 427: | Line 427: | ||
The definite article is generally used in most cases, a lot more when compared to English. | The definite article is generally used in most cases, a lot more when compared to English. | ||
Personal names are not used with articles in the standard language, but it is a prominent feature of Western dialects (in the provinces of Elenasyahr and Kawéy, and parts of Milesyihars province, as well as in the (mostly extinct) dialects of the Sinope area), which have greater Greek influence and use articles in front of names anywhere except for vocative phrases; e.g. ''tási Syáhpúrí tom námirom elém.'' "I gave Syáhpúr the book."<br/>However, even in the standard language, an article is used in front of pluralized given names to denote a group of more people defined from one of them, often (depending on context) "X and their family", e.g. ''tás Freyánehes'' "Freyáná and her family/friends/colleagues/etc."<br/>In older Lifashian (and sometimes in rendering foreign patronymics), a construction similar to Ancient Greek is used for the patronymic (or, rarely, matronymic, as it is not a fixed form), that is, a structure composed of the given name, the corresponding article, and the name of the parent in the genitive case, e.g. ''Freyáná sá Syáhpúré'' "Freyáná the [daughter] of Syáhpúr | Personal names are not used with articles in the standard language, but it is a prominent feature of Western dialects (in the provinces of Elenasyahr and Kawéy, and parts of Milesyihars province, as well as in the (mostly extinct) dialects of the Sinope area), which have greater Greek influence and use articles in front of names anywhere except for vocative phrases; e.g. ''tási Syáhpúrí tom námirom elém.'' "I gave Syáhpúr the book."<br/>However, even in the standard language, an article is used in front of pluralized given names to denote a group of more people defined from one of them, often (depending on context) "X and their family", e.g. ''tás Freyánehes'' "Freyáná and her family/friends/colleagues/etc."<br/>In older Lifashian (and sometimes in rendering foreign patronymics), a construction similar to Ancient Greek is used for the patronymic (or, rarely, matronymic, as it is not a fixed form), that is, a structure composed of the given name, the corresponding article, and the name of the parent in the genitive case, e.g. ''Freyáná sá Syáhpúré'' "Freyáná the [daughter] of Syáhpúr", ''Habdolláh so Irénors'' "Habdolláh the [son] of Iréné''. | ||
Another structure that has a parallel formation in Greek, the genitive interposed between the article and noun, is found to this day in official, formal written Lifashian, as well as in certain speech forms (fixed phrases or official speeches such as Presidential speeches or court verdicts); e.g. ''tí tosy ondúhé haki'' "human rights" (lit. "the rights of the person"), ''at tyám Lífasyám mulúman'' (Parliament of the Lifashians). | Another structure that has a parallel formation in Greek, the genitive interposed between the article and noun, is found to this day in official, formal written Lifashian, as well as in certain speech forms (fixed phrases or official speeches such as Presidential speeches or court verdicts); e.g. ''tí tosy ondúhé haki'' "human rights" (lit. "the rights of the person"), ''at tyám Lífasyám mulúman'' (Parliament of the Lifashians). | ||