Literature:Schleicher's fable: Difference between revisions

Formalizing the PIE section
m (Rearranging to chronological PIE interpretations)
(Formalizing the PIE section)
Line 16: Line 16:
On a hill, a sheep that had no wool saw horses, one of them pulling a heavy wagon, one carrying a big load, and one carrying a man quickly. The sheep said to the horses: "My heart pains me, seeing a man driving horses". The horses said: "Listen, sheep, our hearts pain us when we see this: a man, the master, makes the wool of the sheep into a warm garment for himself. And the sheep has no wool". Having heard this, the sheep fled into the plain.
On a hill, a sheep that had no wool saw horses, one of them pulling a heavy wagon, one carrying a big load, and one carrying a man quickly. The sheep said to the horses: "My heart pains me, seeing a man driving horses". The horses said: "Listen, sheep, our hearts pain us when we see this: a man, the master, makes the wool of the sheep into a warm garment for himself. And the sheep has no wool". Having heard this, the sheep fled into the plain.


==PIE (Schleicher, 1868)==
==Proto-Indo-European (PIE)==
===Schleicher, 1868===
<big>Avis akvāsas ka</big>
<big>Avis akvāsas ka</big>


Avis, jasmin varnā na ā ast, dadarka akvams, tam, vāgham garum vaghantam, tam, bhāram magham, tam, manum āku bharantam. Avis akvabhjams ā vavakat: kard aghnutai mai vidanti manum akvams agantam. Akvāsas ā vavakant: krudhi avai, kard aghnutai vividvant-svas: manus patis varnām avisāms karnauti svabhjam gharmam vastram avibhjams ka varnā na asti. Tat kukruvants avis agram ā bhugat.
:Avis, jasmin varnā na ā ast, dadarka akvams, tam, vāgham garum vaghantam, tam, bhāram magham, tam, manum āku bharantam. Avis akvabhjams ā vavakat: kard aghnutai mai vidanti manum akvams agantam. Akvāsas ā vavakant: krudhi avai, kard aghnutai vividvant-svas: manus patis varnām avisāms karnauti svabhjam gharmam vastram avibhjams ka varnā na asti. Tat kukruvants avis agram ā bhugat.


==PIE (Hirt, 1939)==
===Hirt, 1939===
<big>Owis ek’wōses-kʷe</big>
<big>Owis ek’wōses-kʷe</big>


Owis, jesmin wьlənā ne ēst, dedork’e ek’wons, tom, woghom gʷьrum weghontm̥, tom, bhorom megam, tom, gh’ьmonm̥ ōk’u bherontm̥. Owis ek’womos ewьwekʷet: k’ērd aghnutai moi widontei gh’ьmonm̥ ek’wons ag’ontm̥. Ek’wōses ewьwekʷont: kl’udhi, owei!, k’ērd aghnutai vidontmos: gh’ьmo, potis, wьlənām owjôm kʷr̥neuti sebhoi ghʷermom westrom; owimos-kʷe wьlənā ne esti. Tod k’ek’ruwos owis ag’rom ebhuget.
:Owis, jesmin wьlənā ne ēst, dedork’e ek’wons, tom, woghom gʷьrum weghontm̥, tom, bhorom megam, tom, gh’ьmonm̥ ōk’u bherontm̥. Owis ek’womos ewьwekʷet: k’ērd aghnutai moi widontei gh’ьmonm̥ ek’wons ag’ontm̥. Ek’wōses ewьwekʷont: kl’udhi, owei!, k’ērd aghnutai vidontmos: gh’ьmo, potis, wьlənām owjôm kʷr̥neuti sebhoi ghʷermom westrom; owimos-kʷe wьlənā ne esti. Tod k’ek’ruwos owis ag’rom ebhuget.


==PIE (Lehmann and Zgusta, 1979)==
===Lehmann and Zgusta, 1979===


Owis eḱwōskʷe
<big>Owis eḱwōskʷe</big>


:Gʷərēi owis, kʷesjo wl̥hnā ne ēst, eḱwōns espeḱet, oinom ghe gʷr̥um woǵhom weǵhontm̥, oinomkʷe meǵam bhorom, oinomkʷe ǵhm̥enm̥ ōḱu bherontm̥. Owis nu eḱwobh(j)os (eḱwomos) ewewkʷet: "Ḱēr aghnutoi moi eḱwōns aǵontm̥ nerm̥ widn̥tei". Eḱwōs tu ewewkʷont: "Ḱludhi, owei, ḱēr ghe aghnutoi n̥smei widn̥tbh(j)os (widn̥tmos): nēr, potis, owiōm r̥ wl̥hnām sebhi gʷhermom westrom kʷrn̥euti. Neǵhi owiōm wl̥hnā esti". Tod ḱeḱluwōs owis aǵrom ebhuget.
:Gʷərēi owis, kʷesjo wl̥hnā ne ēst, eḱwōns espeḱet, oinom ghe gʷr̥um woǵhom weǵhontm̥, oinomkʷe meǵam bhorom, oinomkʷe ǵhm̥enm̥ ōḱu bherontm̥. Owis nu eḱwobh(j)os (eḱwomos) ewewkʷet: "Ḱēr aghnutoi moi eḱwōns aǵontm̥ nerm̥ widn̥tei". Eḱwōs tu ewewkʷont: "Ḱludhi, owei, ḱēr ghe aghnutoi n̥smei widn̥tbh(j)os (widn̥tmos): nēr, potis, owiōm r̥ wl̥hnām sebhi gʷhermom westrom kʷrn̥euti. Neǵhi owiōm wl̥hnā esti". Tod ḱeḱluwōs owis aǵrom ebhuget.


==PIE (Adams, 1997)==
===Adams, 1997===


<big>H<sub>2</sub>óu̯is h<sub>1</sub>ék̂u̯ōs-kʷe</big>
<big>H<sub>2</sub>óu̯is h<sub>1</sub>ék̂u̯ōs-kʷe</big>
Line 38: Line 39:
:[Gʷr̥h<sub>x</sub>ḗi] h<sub>2</sub>óu̯is, kʷési̯o u̯lh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>4</sub> ne (h<sub>1</sub>é) est, h<sub>1</sub>ék̂u̯ons spék̂et, h<sub>1</sub>oinom ghe gʷr̥h<sub>x</sub>úm u̯óĝhom u̯éĝhontm̥ h<sub>1</sub>oinom-kʷe ĝ méĝh<sub>a</sub>m bhórom, h<sub>1</sub>oinom-kʷe ĝhménm̥ h<sub>x</sub>ṓk̂u bhérontm̥. h<sub>2</sub>óu̯is tu h<sub>1</sub>ek̂u̯oibh(i̯)os u̯eukʷét: 'k̂ḗr h<sub>a</sub>eghnutór moi h<sub>1</sub>ék̂u̯ons h<sub>a</sub>éĝontm̥ h<sub>a</sub>nérm̥ u̯idn̥téi. h<sub>1</sub>ék̂u̯ōs tu u̯eukʷónt: 'k̂ludhí, h<sub>2</sub>óu̯ei, k̂ḗr ghe h<sub>a</sub>eghnutór n̥sméi u̯idn̥tbh(i̯)ós. h<sub>a</sub>nḗr, pótis, h<sub>2</sub>éu̯i̯om r̥ u̯l̥h<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>a</sub>m sebhi kʷr̥néuti nu gʷhérmom u̯éstrom néĝhi h<sub>2</sub>éu̯i̯om u̯l̥h<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>a</sub> h<sub>1</sub>ésti.' Tód k̂ek̂luu̯ṓs h<sub>2</sub>óu̯is h<sub>a</sub>éĝrom bhugét.
:[Gʷr̥h<sub>x</sub>ḗi] h<sub>2</sub>óu̯is, kʷési̯o u̯lh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>4</sub> ne (h<sub>1</sub>é) est, h<sub>1</sub>ék̂u̯ons spék̂et, h<sub>1</sub>oinom ghe gʷr̥h<sub>x</sub>úm u̯óĝhom u̯éĝhontm̥ h<sub>1</sub>oinom-kʷe ĝ méĝh<sub>a</sub>m bhórom, h<sub>1</sub>oinom-kʷe ĝhménm̥ h<sub>x</sub>ṓk̂u bhérontm̥. h<sub>2</sub>óu̯is tu h<sub>1</sub>ek̂u̯oibh(i̯)os u̯eukʷét: 'k̂ḗr h<sub>a</sub>eghnutór moi h<sub>1</sub>ék̂u̯ons h<sub>a</sub>éĝontm̥ h<sub>a</sub>nérm̥ u̯idn̥téi. h<sub>1</sub>ék̂u̯ōs tu u̯eukʷónt: 'k̂ludhí, h<sub>2</sub>óu̯ei, k̂ḗr ghe h<sub>a</sub>eghnutór n̥sméi u̯idn̥tbh(i̯)ós. h<sub>a</sub>nḗr, pótis, h<sub>2</sub>éu̯i̯om r̥ u̯l̥h<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>a</sub>m sebhi kʷr̥néuti nu gʷhérmom u̯éstrom néĝhi h<sub>2</sub>éu̯i̯om u̯l̥h<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>a</sub> h<sub>1</sub>ésti.' Tód k̂ek̂luu̯ṓs h<sub>2</sub>óu̯is h<sub>a</sub>éĝrom bhugét.


==PIE (Kortlandt, 2007)==
===Kortlandt, 2007===


<big>ʕʷeuis ʔkeuskʷe</big>
<big>ʕʷeuis ʔkeuskʷe</big>
Line 44: Line 45:
:ʕʷeuis iosmi ʕuelʔn neʔst ʔekuns ʔe 'dērkt, tom 'gʷrʕeum uogom ugentm, tom m'geʕm borom, tom dgmenm ʔoʔku brentm. ʔe uēukʷt ʕʷeuis ʔkumus: kʷntske ʔmoi kērt ʕnerm ui'denti ʔekuns ʕ'gentm. ʔe ueukʷnt ʔkeus: kludi ʕʷuei, kʷntske nsmi kērt ui'dntsu: ʕnēr potis ʕʷuiom ʕulʔenm subi gʷormom uestrom kʷrneuti, ʕʷuimus kʷe ʕuelʔn neʔsti. To'd kekluus ʕʷeuis ʕe'grom ʔe bēu'gd.
:ʕʷeuis iosmi ʕuelʔn neʔst ʔekuns ʔe 'dērkt, tom 'gʷrʕeum uogom ugentm, tom m'geʕm borom, tom dgmenm ʔoʔku brentm. ʔe uēukʷt ʕʷeuis ʔkumus: kʷntske ʔmoi kērt ʕnerm ui'denti ʔekuns ʕ'gentm. ʔe ueukʷnt ʔkeus: kludi ʕʷuei, kʷntske nsmi kērt ui'dntsu: ʕnēr potis ʕʷuiom ʕulʔenm subi gʷormom uestrom kʷrneuti, ʕʷuimus kʷe ʕuelʔn neʔsti. To'd kekluus ʕʷeuis ʕe'grom ʔe bēu'gd.


==PIE (Lühr, 2008)==
===Lühr, 2008===
<big>h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>1</sub>ék’wōsk<sup>w</sup>e</big>
<big>h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>1</sub>ék’wōsk<sup>w</sup>e</big>


h<sub>2</sub>ówis, (H)jésmin h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> ne éh<sub>1</sub>est, dedork’e (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons, tóm, wóg’<sup>h</sup>om g<sup>w</sup>érh<sub>2</sub>um wég’<sup>h</sup>ontm, tóm, b<sup>h</sup>órom még’oh<sub>2</sub>m, tóm, d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émonm h<sub>2</sub>oHk’ú b<sup>h</sup>érontm. h<sub>2</sub>ówis (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wob<sup>h</sup>os ewewk<sup>w</sup>e(t): k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj moj widntéj d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>mónm (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons h<sub>2</sub>ég’ontm. (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wōs ewewk<sup>w</sup>: k’lud<sup>h</sup>í, h<sub>2</sub>ówi! k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj widntb<sup>h</sup>ós: d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émō(n), pótis, h<sub>2</sub>wlnéh<sub>2</sub>m h<sub>2</sub>ówjom k<sup>w</sup>newti séb<sup>h</sup>oj g<sup>wh</sup>érmom wéstrom; h<sub>2</sub>éwib<sup>h</sup>osk<sup>w</sup>e h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> né h<sub>1</sub>esti. Tód k’ek’luwṓs h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>2</sub>ég’rom eb<sup>h</sup>uge(t).
:h<sub>2</sub>ówis, (H)jésmin h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> ne éh<sub>1</sub>est, dedork’e (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons, tóm, wóg’<sup>h</sup>om g<sup>w</sup>érh<sub>2</sub>um wég’<sup>h</sup>ontm, tóm, b<sup>h</sup>órom még’oh<sub>2</sub>m, tóm, d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émonm h<sub>2</sub>oHk’ú b<sup>h</sup>érontm. h<sub>2</sub>ówis (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wob<sup>h</sup>os ewewk<sup>w</sup>e(t): k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj moj widntéj d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>mónm (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons h<sub>2</sub>ég’ontm. (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wōs ewewk<sup>w</sup>: k’lud<sup>h</sup>í, h<sub>2</sub>ówi! k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj widntb<sup>h</sup>ós: d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émō(n), pótis, h<sub>2</sub>wlnéh<sub>2</sub>m h<sub>2</sub>ówjom k<sup>w</sup>newti séb<sup>h</sup>oj g<sup>wh</sup>érmom wéstrom; h<sub>2</sub>éwib<sup>h</sup>osk<sup>w</sup>e h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> né h<sub>1</sub>esti. Tód k’ek’luwṓs h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>2</sub>ég’rom eb<sup>h</sup>uge(t).


==Atlantic==
==Atlantic==
3,044

edits