Literature talk:Be prepared

Pandoga is a triconsonantal language with an Indic aesthetic.

Phonology

Consonants

There are 22 consonants in Pandoga (as in Hebrew!)

	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Voiceless stop	p /p/		t /t̪/		ṭ /ʈ/	c /c/	k /k/
Voiced stop	b /b/		d /d̪/		ḍ /ɖ/	j /ɟ/	g /ɡ/
Nasal	m /m/		n /n̪/		ṇ /ɳ/
Fricative			s /s/		ṣ /ʂ/			h /h/
Voiced fricative			z /z/
Approximant		v /ʋ/				y /j/
Lateral			l /l/		ḷ /ɺ̢/
Trill				r /r/

Vowels

Pandoga has an unusual 5 vowel system:

Romanization	IPA
a	/ɐ/
ā	/a:/
e	/e:/
i	/i/
o	/o:/

Morphology

Pandoga uses roots consisting of three consonants. An example is P-Ṇ-B 'to write':

• paṇoba = writer

• paṇabeti =

• capṇaboti =

Nouns

Nouns inflect for definiteness and state (absolute/construct) and may include possessive affixes. A sample noun:

paṇoba "writer"		Singular possessor	Plural possessor
Indefinite		paṇoba
Definite		paṇobahe
Construct	1st person	paṇabora	paṇabaroṇa
	2nd person	paṇaboda	paṇabadoṇa
	3rd person	paṇaba

Nouns typically fall into three ablaut patterns: a-type, e-type and o-type. Paṇoba is an o-type noun, where the o becomes an a in the construct state.

• homa (legume) → hama

In e-type nouns, the e in the noun becomes an a, but the preceding vowel shifts: a becomes i, ā becomes e, and ō becomes a. If the only vowel in the noun is e, ...

[to add later]

Verbs

Verbs inflect for aspect, number and transitivity, but not tense.

There are seven binyanim in Pandoga, as in Hebrew:

• PaRoHa = active simple
• PaReHa = active intensive
• camaPRoHa = active causative
• kaPaRHoṇa = reflexive
• PiRHota = passive causative
• malaPReHa = passive intensive
• maPReHa = passive simple

The formant "m" in the active causative and passive simple forms turns into an "n" when the next consonant is labial, so the actual forms are "canaproha" and "napreha".