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| '''Proto-Wakanic''' is the ancestor of [[Verapamil]], [[Diltiazem]] and [[Wakanese]]. It's part of the "CW complex" spoken in eastern Cuadhlabh.
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| ==Phonology==
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| Proto-Wakanic is reconstructed with the following consonants:
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| * The voiceless stops *p (labial), *t (dental), *c (palatal), *k (velar) and *kʷ (labialized velar). The Verapamil reflexes of these sounds are the fricatives ''f'', ''s'', ''hy'', ''h'' and ''hw'' respectively. In Diltiazem, these sounds surface as voiceless aspirated stops, except for *c which becomes ''t̂'' /θ/.
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| * The voiced stops *b (labial), *d (dental), *j́ (palatal), *g (velar) and *gʷ (labialized velar), which become the stops ''p'', ''t'', ''ty'', ''c'' and ''qu'' respectively in Verapamil. In Diltiazem, these sounds surface as voiced stops, except for *j́ which becomes ''ĥ'' /x/.
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| * The nasals *m and *n, and the approximants *j, *l and *r, which are retained in Verapamil and Diltiazem, except for *j which becomes ''s'' in Diltiazem.
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| * *w and *ŋ, which become ''v'' and ''w'' in Verapamil respectively (but /ŋ/ is retained before *k and *g in Verapamil)
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| These sounds aren't as certainly known:
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| * *ń, which becomes ''ny'' in Verapamil and ''z'' in Diltiazem.
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| * *ź, which becomes ''zh'' in Verapamil and ''ŝ'' /ʃ/ in Diltiazem.
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| Proto-Wakanic, like most modern Wakanic languages, had five vowels: *a, *e, *i, *o, *u; which can be short or long. Long vowels are written with a macron.
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| There were also two diphthongs: *ai and *au. The Verapamil reflex of *au is ''ai'' and the Diltiazem reflex is ''aŭ'' /aw/.
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| Proto-Wakanic allowed consonant clusters of up to two consonants before a vowel.
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| ==Grammar==
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| Proto-Wakanic morphosyntax was somewhat unusual by CW standards:
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| * unmarked OVS word order (not attested in any modern CW language),
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| * topic-comment syntax (as in [[Proctorian]]),
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| * no pro-drop,
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| * three tenses (present, past and future),
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| * generally isolating (modern CW languages are either agglutinating, like Verapamil, or fusional, like [[Clofabosin]]).
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| However, Proto-Wakanic also had some grammatical features common in CW languages such as:
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| * head-final syntax (e.g. postpositions, complementizers after the verb, adjectives and relative clauses before the noun),
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| * tense agreement.
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| ===Nouns===
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| Proto-Wakanic nouns had four cases: nominative, dative, ablative and locative, but no grammatical gender or number.
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="3"| '''*tallo - pole'''
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| !|Nominative
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| |*tallo
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| |-
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| !|Dative
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| |*tallōn
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| |-
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| !|Locative
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| |*tallod
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| |-
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| !|Ablative
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| |*tallōl
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| |}
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="3"| '''*ēruki - pot'''
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| |-
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| !|Nominative
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| |*ēruki
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| |-
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| !|Dative
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| |*ērukīn
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| |-
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| !|Locative
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| |*ērukid
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| |-
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| !|Ablative
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| |*ērukīl
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| |}
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| [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
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| [[Category:Conlangs]]
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| ===Verbs===
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| The bare verb stem was used for the present tense.
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| The future and past endings were *-bdi and *-ri respectively.
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| The auxiliary verb *iwa 'walk' was used for a progressive aspect; it turned into the Verapamil present tense suffix -ːva.
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| ==Numbers==
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| # īr
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| # gau
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| # mīn
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| # tān
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| # mār
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| # sī
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| The word for seven in Verapamil, ''atu'' comes from the verb *ad 'to continue'.
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| Higher numbers have not been reconstructed.
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