Naeng: Difference between revisions

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!I!!thou (m.)!!thou (f.)!!you (polite)!!he!!she!!we (exc.)!!we (inc.)!!you (pl.)!!they (an.)!!impersonal
!I!!thou (m.)!!thou (f.)!!you (polite)!!he!!she!!we (exc.)!!we (inc.)!!you (pl.)!!they (an.)!!impersonal
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|''rie''||''łen''||''łes''||''Pra''||''in''||''is''||''tsa''||''bang''||''łănam''||''ănam''||''tung''
|''rie''||''łen''||''łes''||''Pra''||''ien''||''ies''||''tsa''||''bang''||''łănam''||''ănam''||''tung''
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|}


The impersonal pronoun ''tung'' (from ''tăchung'' 'some') can be used instead of a passive voice. In fact it's more general purpose than the passive voice which can only be used to turn direct objects into subjects. As in English, the impersonal may be used to state general commands, especially prohibitions:  
The impersonal pronoun ''tung'' (from ''tăchung'' 'some') can be used instead of a passive voice. In fact it's more general purpose than the passive voice which can only be used to turn direct objects into subjects. As in English, the impersonal may be used to state general commands, especially prohibitions:  
:'''''Tung die lieb sä șa ngud mi ădoac tsrăboł.'''''
:'''''Tung die lieb sä șa ngud ădoac tsrăboł.'''''
:IMPERS NEG put fire DAT burn LOC room closed
:IMPERS NEG put fire DAT burn LOC room closed
:''You don't let fire burn in a closed room.''
:''You don't let fire burn in a closed room.''


''Impra'' is an obsolete plural form of ''Pra''; nowadays ''Pra'' is used regardless of number.
''Ĭmpra'' is an obsolete plural form of ''Pra''; nowadays ''Pra'' is used regardless of number.


''Łănam'' (capitalized in the native script) is used as a very respectful 2nd person pronoun, restricted to addressing royalty and divine figures.
''Łănam'' (capitalized in the native script) is used as a very respectful 2nd person pronoun, restricted to addressing royalty and divine figures.
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''rie'' 'I' can informally be used as an impersonal pronoun.
''rie'' 'I' can informally be used as an impersonal pronoun.


Inanimates use the demonstrative ''fid'' (plural ''imfid'').
Inanimates use the demonstrative ''fid'' (plural ''ĭmfid'').


The gendered demonstratives ''sen/ses'' 'this man/this woman' and ''fin/fis'' 'that man/that woman' are literary.
The gendered demonstratives ''sen/ses'' 'this man/this woman' and ''fin/fis'' 'that man/that woman' are literary.


Gender-neutral neopronouns in the 2sg informal and 3sg are considered pretty much necessary by people who want them, because singular ''łănam'' already has a function as an archaic polite pronoun. ''łech/łeth/łec'' (2sg informal) and ''ich/ith/ic'' (3sg) but there is no universally accepted standard yet. People may opt to use no pronoun, or be referred to as "fi croth fid" (that person), Alternatively, the plural forms ''łănam'' and ''ănam'' may be used.
Gender-neutral neopronouns in the 2sg informal and 3sg are considered pretty much necessary by people who want them, because singular ''łănam'' already has a function as an archaic polite pronoun. ''łech/łeth'' (2sg informal) and ''iech/ieth'' (3sg) but there is no universally accepted standard yet. People may opt to use no pronoun, or be referred to as "croth fid" (that person), Alternatively, the plural forms ''łănam'' and ''ănam'' may be used.


===Demonstratives===
===Demonstratives===
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