5,466
edits
Nahónda: Difference between revisions
→Demonstratives
| Line 528: | Line 528: | ||
| translation = That horse is always racing across the plains. | | translation = That horse is always racing across the plains. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" | |||
|- | |||
! Type !! Independent !! Translation !! Example || Nahenic Cognates | |||
|- | |||
! '''Proximal ''' | |||
| nótsalo | |||
| This one, near the speaker | |||
| ''nahón nótsalo'' <br/> "this man here" | |||
| | |||
* Minhast Gull Speaker dialect: <br/>''-nussar-'' | |||
* Nankôre: ''hosiayri'' <br/> /ho'ʃjaɪɾi/ | |||
|- | |||
! '''Medio-Proximal''' | |||
| iyáyalo | |||
| This/that one near the listener "that" | |||
| ''nahón iyáyalo'' <br/>"that man next to you" | |||
| | |||
* Minhast Gull Speaker dialect: <br/>''-eyyar-, -yyar-'' | |||
* Nankôre: ''yaiyayri'' | |||
|- | |||
! '''Distal''' | |||
| pʼáyalo | |||
| Yonder, far from both speaker and listener | |||
|''nahón pʼáyalo'' <br/> "yonder man"" | |||
| | |||
* Minhast Gull Speaker dialect: <br/>''-ppeyyar-'' | |||
* Nankôre: ''paypayri'' | |||
|- | |||
! '''Invisible''' | |||
| nando | |||
| Used for objects beyond sight or obstructed <br/>by another object. <br/> | |||
It may also be used for a person or thing being <br/> referred to within a narrative or other discourse, <br/>and sometimes as a decessive. | |||
| ''nahón nando'' <br/> "that man (e.g. on the <br/>other side <br/> of the mountain)" | |||
| | |||
* Minhast Stone Speaker dialect: <br/>''-onda-'' "to conceal"(?)<ref>This remains a highly contested hypothesis.</ref> | |||
|} | |||
The demonstratives may also be used as substantives, acquiring full noun status. Additional suffixes, such as determiners and case markers, may then attach to them, e.g.: | The demonstratives may also be used as substantives, acquiring full noun status. Additional suffixes, such as determiners and case markers, may then attach to them, e.g.: | ||