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Natalician: Difference between revisions
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→Voice
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(→Voice) Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit |
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! Noun !! Verb | ! Noun !! Verb | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '' | | ''Ergem'' "negativity" || ''Ergem'''še'''-'' "negate" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''To'' "two" || ''To'''šo'''-'' "Two-ify", that is, "get married" | | ''To'' "two" || ''To'''šo'''-'' "Two-ify", that is, "get married" | ||
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====Voice==== | ====Voice==== | ||
A verbal root, or a verb-stem in ''- | A verbal root, or a verb-stem in ''-šĕ'', can be lengthened with certain '''extensions'''. If present, they appear in the following order, and they indicate distinctions of '''[[Grammatical voice|voice]]''': | ||
:{|class="wikitable" | :{|class="wikitable" | ||
|+ Extensions for voice | |+ Extensions for voice | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!rowspan=4|Causative | !rowspan=4|Causative | ||
|''-(ĕ)m''||after polysyllabic stems in | |''-(ĕ)m''||after polysyllabic stems in a vowel | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''-(&)z''||in other cases | |''-(&)z''||in other cases | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''- | |''-rĕb''||after some monosyllabic stems | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ||there are some other exceptional forms as well. | | ||there are some other exceptional forms as well. | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [[Passive voice|Passive]] | ! [[Passive voice|Passive]] | ||
|''- | |''-(ĭ)v''||after stems ending in a consonant other than ''-v''; otherwise, same as reflexive. | ||
|} | |} | ||
These endings might seem to be ''inflectional'' in the sense of the {{section link||Introduction}} above, but their meanings are not always clear from their particular names, and dictionaries do generally give the resulting forms, so in this sense they are ''constructive'' endings. | These endings might seem to be ''inflectional'' in the sense of the {{section link||Introduction}} above, but their meanings are not always clear from their particular names, and dictionaries do generally give the resulting forms, so in this sense they are ''constructive'' endings. | ||
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! Verb Root/Stem !! New Verb !! Voice | ! Verb Root/Stem !! New Verb !! Voice | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=2 | '' | | rowspan=2 | ''Dol'' "Send" | ||
| '' | | ''Dolur'' "Share" || ''-ur'' (reciprocal) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '' | | ''Doluv'' "Be sent" || ''-uv'' (reflexive) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=2 | '' | | rowspan=2 | ''Ver'' "Fix (something)" | ||
| '' | | ''Veriv'' "wash oneself" || ''-iv'' (reflexive) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''yıkanıl'' "be washed" || ''-n'' (reflexive) + ''-ıl'' (passive) | | ''yıkanıl'' "be washed" || ''-n'' (reflexive) + ''-ıl'' (passive) | ||