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Pradiul: Difference between revisions
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:[[Pradiul/Swadesh list]] | |||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
|image = | |image = | ||
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|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]] | |creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]] | ||
|name = {{PAGENAME}} | |name = {{PAGENAME}} | ||
|nativename = | |nativename=Γtiϝἀρ<br/>''Pradiul'' | ||
|pronunciation= | |pronunciation= | ||
|setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | |setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Pradiul''' (temporary name) is a minority [[ | '''Pradiul''' (temporary name) is a minority [[Tergetian]] language of Talma inspired by Khmer and my ([[User:IlL]]'s) Germanic conlang [[Thedish]]. It is a descendant of [[Naeng/Classical|Classical Naeng]], and it belongs to the [[Anbirese]]-[[Ciètian]] sprachbund. | ||
Numbers: dån, riat, stiev, smiåχ, miuc, tiaχ, båθ, szep, laj, þiaf, saju, sriuχ | |||
Mariet ri mie Ven Dami = I live in Wen Dămea | |||
==Diachronics== | |||
a e i o u ü ah eh ih oh uh üh > ia e ie a o io iå y i å u iu | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
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| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan=" | !rowspan="3" | Stop | ||
!<small>voiceless</small> | !<small>voiceless</small> | ||
| '''p''' {{IPA|p}} || '''pi''' {{IPA|pʲ}} | | '''p''' {{IPA|p}} || '''pi''' {{IPA|pʲ}} | ||
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| || | | || | ||
| '''gi''' {{IPA|ɟ}} || '''g''' {{IPA|g}} | | '''gi''' {{IPA|ɟ}} || '''g''' {{IPA|g}} | ||
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!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
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| '''θ''' {{IPA|tʰ}} || '''θi''' {{IPA|tʰʲ}} | |||
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|- | |- | ||
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!colspan="2"|Fricative | !colspan="2"|Fricative | ||
| '''f''' {{IPA|f}} || '''fi''' {{IPA|fʲ}} | | '''f''' {{IPA|f}} || '''fi''' {{IPA|fʲ}} | ||
| | | || | ||
| '''s''' {{IPA|s}} || '''si''' {{IPA|ɕ}} | | '''s''' {{IPA|s}} || '''si''' {{IPA|ɕ}} | ||
| '''sz''' {{IPA|ʂ}} || '''szi''' {{IPA|ʃ}} | | '''sz''' {{IPA|ʂ}} || '''szi''' {{IPA|ʃ}} | ||
| '''chi | | '''chi''' {{IPA|ç}} | ||
| '''ch''' {{IPA|x}} | | '''ch''' {{IPA|x}} | ||
| '''h''' {{IPA|h}} | | '''h''' {{IPA|h}} | ||
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|} | |} | ||
Palatalization is neutralized for word-final consonants, however they assimilate to the palatalization of the next consonant: ''dån fniud'' [ | Palatalization is neutralized for word-final consonants, however they assimilate to the palatalization of the next consonant: ''dån fniud'' [danʲ fʲnʲud] 'one day'. The only exception is word-final /v/ which is always [w]. | ||
===Vowels=== | |||
'''a/ia e/ie o/io å/iå y/i u/iu''' /a e o u i u/ | |||
'''å''' was a different vowel /oə~uə/ in the earliest days of written Pradiul, but has merged with '''u''' /u/ for all modern speakers. | |||
'''a/ | |||
Unstressed vowel: /ə/ (spelled '''a''' if nonpalatalizing and '''i''' if palatalizing) | Unstressed vowel: /ə/ (spelled '''a''' if nonpalatalizing and '''i''' if palatalizing) | ||
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Voiced stops are not allowed to begin minor syllables in roots. This rule does not apply to proper names. | Voiced stops are not allowed to begin minor syllables in roots. This rule does not apply to proper names. | ||
==Script== | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
Similar to Talmic languages? Inflected prepositions, etc. | Similar to Talmic languages? Inflected prepositions, etc. | ||
===Nouns=== | |||
Like Modern Windermere, Pradiul has two articles, the definite article ''fie'' and the specific article ''sie'' (from demonstratives ''fie'' 'that' and ''sie'' 'this'; cognate to Windermere ''fi'' and ''se'' with the same meanings). | |||
Noun plurals are different from Windermere and use incopyfixation instead of a fixed affix: ''knol'' 'leaf', ''kalnol'' 'leaves'. (compare Windermere ''cnul'', pl. ''imcnul'') | |||
===Verbs=== | |||
Verbs display split-ergativity like in [[Anbirese]] and [[Ciètian]]. | |||
{{col-begin}} | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
'''Intransitives''' | |||
:''Siåf fie paszå mie skiaθ codun.'' | |||
:go blow DEF wind LOC blow everywhere | |||
:The wind is blowing everywhere. | |||
:''Snakiaþ fie paszå codun.'' | |||
:{{angbr|PST}}blow DEF wind everywhere | |||
:The wind blew everywhere. | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
'''Transitives''' | |||
:''Siåf fie chmåp mie kmil.'' | |||
:go DEF people LOC vote | |||
:The people are voting. | |||
:''Ties, jin mong plafnane he fie chmåp chos fie nuplakå Bichand!'' | |||
:oh_no, 3SG.M REL {{angbr|PST}}elect ERG DEF people as DEF president Bjeheond | |||
:Oh no, the people have elected *him* as president of Bjeheond! | |||
{{col-end}} | |||
===Prepositions=== | |||
Talmic-style inflected prepositions | |||
sza: to | |||
*szar, szasz, szan, szas, szaf, szac, szang, szaszam, szam | |||
mie: at, in | |||
*mier, miesz, mien, mies, mief, miec, mieng, miszam, miam | |||
[[Category:Languages]] | |||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | |||