Proto-Lakovic
Proto-Dwischaric (PDw) is the common ancestor of the Dwischaric languages including Mandarin Orange. It is inspired by an older draft of Praimhín's Proto-Pulchric.
Numbers
- 1: qotte
- 2: Li:pa
- 3: puNNe
- 4: nga:R
- 5: hu:ke
- 6: ete:Ba
- 7: taiqe
- 8: nga:Ni
- 9: Ma:Tu
- 10: uleRRe
- 11: ema:rra
- 12: pi:Di
- 13: pi:Di re qotte
- 144: Taratte
- 1728: u:peq
Phonology
Based on Praveen's old Proto-Pulchric.
Consonants
| Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | emph. | plain | emph. | plain | emph. | ||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | M /mʶ/ | n /n/ | N /nʶ/ | ng /ŋ/ | NG /ɴ/ | |||
| Stop | tenuis | p /p/ | P /pʶ/ | t /t/ | T /tʶ/ | k /k/ | q /q/ | ||
| voiced | b /b/ | B /bʶ/ | d /d/ | D /dʶ/ | g /ɡ/ | G /ɢ/ | |||
| Fricative | h /h/ | ||||||||
| Trill/Tap | r /ɾ/ | R /ɾʶ/ | |||||||
| Approximant | w /w/ | l /l/ | L /lʶ/ | y /j/ | |||||
Emphatic consonants are uvularized, as in Arabic.
Aspiration is allophonic in voiceless stops. The Luminese dialect aspirates stops more strongly than in the Rencadic dialect.
Gemination
Every consonant except /w j h/ can occur geminated between vowels. Geminate taps are realized as trills.
Gemination is indicated in the orthography by doubling the consonant letter; geminate ng and NG are written nng and NNG respectively.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i /i/ | i: /iː/ | u /u/ | u: /uː/ | ||
| Mid | e /e/ | e: /eː/ | o /o/ | o: /oː/ | ||
| Open | a /a/ | a: /aː/ | ||||
Diphthongs: /ai/ /au/ (written ai au respectively)
Phonotactics
Only CV syllables are allowed, except:
- a geminate consonant can begin a non-initial syllable
- CVC and CVCː are allowed as the last syllable
Stress
Stress is almost always on the first long syllable, or if no syllable is long, the last syllable in the Rencadic dialect and the first syllable in the Luminese dialect.