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Skyrdagor: Difference between revisions
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==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
Skyrdagor is written in an alphabetic, caseless script. By number of languages, it is the third most used script on Calémere (after the Íscégon and the Nivarese scripts) and the most used Eastern one; by number of users, it is the fourth globally and the second Eastern one (the Chlouvānem script has more users than it and the Nivarese one). It is used all throughout Greater Skyrdagor and adapted versions of it are used for Bronic, Fathanic<ref>The Brono-Fathanic version of the Skyrdegan script uses a different, and more archaic, version of the glyph for '''r'''.</ref>, Čathinow, and various indigenous languages of northern Márusúturon. The [[Qualdomelic|Qualdomelic script]] derives from an earlier version of the Skyrdegan script which has not undergone some later simplifications and is traditionally printed (and typed) in a more rounded font, but they're mostly mutually intellegible. | Skyrdagor is written in an alphabetic, caseless script. By number of languages, it is the third most used script on Calémere (after the Íscégon and the Nivarese scripts) and the most used Eastern one; by number of users, it is the fourth globally and the second Eastern one (the Chlouvānem script has more users than it and the Nivarese one). It is used all throughout Greater Skyrdagor and adapted versions of it are used for Bronic, Fathanic<ref>The Brono-Fathanic version of the Skyrdegan script uses a different, and more archaic, version of the glyph for '''r'''.</ref>, Čathinow, and various indigenous languages of northern Márusúturon. The [[Qualdomelic|Qualdomelic script]] derives from an earlier version of the Skyrdegan script which has not undergone some later simplifications and is traditionally printed (and typed) in a more rounded font, but they're mostly mutually intellegible. | ||
<!-- ===Romanization=== | <!-- ===Romanization=== | ||
In all of the present article, sound transcriptions are from Skyrdegan Skyrdagor unless noted. Its romanization mostly follows IPA letters, but: | In all of the present article, sound transcriptions are from Skyrdegan Skyrdagor unless noted. Its romanization mostly follows IPA letters, but: | ||
* '''y''' represents /ɯ/; | * '''y''' represents /ɯ/; | ||
* The fricatives /s z ʃ ʒ x θ ð/ are represented, respectively, '''sz z s zs h th dh'''. /ç～ɕ ʝ/ appear in different places, but most commonly they are written '''kj gj''' (they are both unvoiced in most Skyrdegan dialects, excluding notably the capital's); /ɧ/ is also written in various ways, most commonly '''sk''' before /i ɛ ɯ/ or another consonant. | * The fricatives /s z ʃ ʒ x θ ð/ are represented, respectively, '''sz z s zs h th dh'''. /ç～ɕ ʝ/ appear in different places, but most commonly they are written '''kj gj''' (they are both unvoiced in most Skyrdegan dialects, excluding notably the capital's); /ɧ/ is also written in various ways, most commonly '''sk''' before /i ɛ ɯ/ or another consonant. | ||
* Many sequences are not read literally, as notably '''g''' has the tendency to disappear (c.f. ''kogyzsda'' "they see it" [ˈkoːʒdɒ]) and influence neighboring sounds, which often influence their neighboring ones in a chain (note the ''-agor'' in the word ''Skyrdagor'', which is pronounced [ɒː˞], in a chain like *[agɔɽ] > *[aɣɔɽ] > *[ɑɔ̯˞] > [ɒː˞]). Final '''-eg''' (which is, amongst others, the 1SG past tense indefinite ending) is also pronounced [a]. '''lv''' is pronounced [w], and shifts neighboring '''y''' to [u], neighboring '''i''' to [ɪ], and neighboring '''e''' to [ə]. | * Many sequences are not read literally, as notably '''g''' has the tendency to disappear (c.f. ''kogyzsda'' "they see it" [ˈkoːʒdɒ]) and influence neighboring sounds, which often influence their neighboring ones in a chain (note the ''-agor'' in the word ''Skyrdagor'', which is pronounced [ɒː˞], in a chain like *[agɔɽ] > *[aɣɔɽ] > *[ɑɔ̯˞] > [ɒː˞]). Final '''-eg''' (which is, amongst others, the 1SG past tense indefinite ending) is also pronounced [a]. '''lv''' is pronounced [w], and shifts neighboring '''y''' to [u], neighboring '''i''' to [ɪ], and neighboring '''e''' to [ə]. --> | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
Skyrdagor personal pronouns have three forms - absolutive, ergative, and dative, and each one has a suffixed form used for possession and for inflecting most adpositions. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan=3 | !! Absolutive !! Ergative !! Dative !! Suffix | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=6 | Singular !! colspan=2 | 1st person | |||
| '''uj'''<br/>[uɪ̯] || mil<br/>[miɮ] || vyd<br/>[vɯd] || -m | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=2 | 2nd person !! Masculine | |||
| '''eth'''<br/>[ɛθ] || cse<br/>[tʃɛ] || rowspan=2 | ejgj<br/>[eːʝ] || -th | |||
|- | |||
! Feminine | |||
| '''ejsin'''<br/>[eːʃin] || semb<br/>[ʃɛm] || -si | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=3 | 3rd person !! Masculine | |||
| '''tog'''<br/>[tɒː] || tavs<br/>[tɔːʃ] || rowspan=3 | av<br/>[ɔː] || rowspan=2 | -k | |||
|- | |||
! Inanimate | |||
| '''szy'''<br/>[sɯ] || — | |||
|- | |||
! Feminine | |||
| '''tyjs'''<br/>[tʊɪ̯ʃ] || tuse<br/>[tuʃe] || -csi | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=6 | Plural !! rowspan=2 | 1st person !! Exclusive | |||
| '''blej'''<br/>[bɮeː] || bejls<br/>[beːɬ] || blagd<br/>[bɮɒːd] || -myn | |||
|- | |||
! Inclusive | |||
| '''uvar'''<br/>[uːwɒ˞] || uvags<br/>[uːwɒːʃ] || uvod<br/>[uːwɔd] || -mje | |||
|- | |||
! colspan=2 | 2nd person | |||
| '''etver'''<br/>[ɛtwɚ] || etvejs<br/>[ɛtweːʃ] || etvad<br/>[ɛtwad] || -tyn | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=3 | 3rd person !! Masculine | |||
| '''tyvt'''<br/>[tuːt] || tygs<br/>[toːʃ] || rowspan=3 | tjod<br/>[c͡çɔd] || -gyn | |||
|- | |||
! Inanimate | |||
| '''szot'''<br/>[sɔt] || — || -h | |||
|- | |||
! Feminine | |||
| '''ciszt'''<br/>[t͡sist] || civs<br/>[t͡siːʃ] || -szjan | |||
|} | |||
<!-- ===Verbs=== | |||
Skyrdagor verbs inflect for person (subject and object), gender, definiteness, tense, and mood. Two of the main notable features of Skyrdagor is that there are two different conjugation patterns for definite and indefinite objects and aspects are not distinguished morphologically at all. Gender is marked sporadically in subjects, namely in 2nd and 3rd singular and 3rd plural in the indefinite conjugation and in 3rd persons in the definite one, while it is marked in all persons except the 1st singular and plural inclusive for objects. | Skyrdagor verbs inflect for person (subject and object), gender, definiteness, tense, and mood. Two of the main notable features of Skyrdagor is that there are two different conjugation patterns for definite and indefinite objects and aspects are not distinguished morphologically at all. Gender is marked sporadically in subjects, namely in 2nd and 3rd singular and 3rd plural in the indefinite conjugation and in 3rd persons in the definite one, while it is marked in all persons except the 1st singular and plural inclusive for objects. | ||