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Skyrdagor: Difference between revisions
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==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
Skyrdagor's main vocabulary is traced back to Proto-Fargulyn, a language that had some areal words shared with Proto-Samaidulic and also shows some very early loans from Proto-Lahob, proto-languages whose ancestral homelands are all hypothesized to have been around the High Ivulit. Some examples of words shared with Proto-Samaidulic include Proto-Fargulyn *q'elesi (> Sky. ''kilys'' [kiɮɯʃ] "apple") = Proto-Samaidulic *kʷalesi (> [[Qualdomelic|Qua.]] ''cwalăš'' "apple", [[Brono-Fathanic|Bro.]] ''koresy'' "apple"), and also basic states such as "to sleep" - PFg *wepn (> Sky. ''vam'' [vam]) = PSam *wepn- (> Qua. ''vẹfn(oț)'', Bro. ''van(osy)'') and even words as basic as "son" - PFg *kamɨjuq (> Sky. ''humyg'' [xumoː]) = PSam *ka-mijuq (> Qua. ''camiuq'', Bro. ''kaimoa'').<br/>Very early Proto-Lahob borrowings include, for example, PFg *laq'obɨr (> Sky. ''lokjur'' [ɮɒ͡oc͡çɯ˞] "farmstead") from PLB *ɬakʰober "group, tribe, village, Lahob", PFg *juzjum (> Sky. ''juzsn'' [juʒn] "flower") from PLB *juɟom (whence e.g. [[Chlouvānem|Chl.]] ''yujam'' "lotus flower", meaning that the Skyrdagor words ''juzsn'' and the Chlouvānem borrowing ''judzsam'' "lotus" form a doublet), or PFg *onáj "island" (> Sky. ''ynej'' [ɯneː] "closed area, cell") from PLB *ʕanaj (whence e.g. Chl. ''lanai''). Some Proto-Lahob borrowings are also shared with Proto-Samaidulic; the latter word, for example, is also reconstructed as PSam *anaj, whence Bronic ''anea'' "island". | Skyrdagor's main vocabulary is traced back to Proto-Fargulyn, a language that had some areal words shared with Proto-Samaidulic and also shows some very early loans from Proto-Lahob, proto-languages whose ancestral homelands are all hypothesized to have been around the High Ivulit. Some examples of words shared with Proto-Samaidulic include Proto-Fargulyn *q'elesi (> Sky. ''kilys'' [kiɮɯʃ] "apple") = Proto-Samaidulic *kʷalesi (> [[Qualdomelic|Qua.]] ''cwalăš'' "apple", [[Brono-Fathanic|Bro.]] ''koresy'' "apple"), and also basic states such as "to sleep" - PFg *wepn (> Sky. ''vam'' [vam]) = PSam *wepn- (> Qua. ''vẹfn(oț)'', Bro. ''van(osy)'') and even words as basic as "son" - PFg *kamɨjuq (> Sky. ''humyg'' [xumoː]) = PSam *ka-mijuq (> Qua. ''camiuq'', Bro. ''kaimoa'').<br/>Very early Proto-Lahob borrowings include, for example, PFg *laq'obɨr (> Sky. ''lokjur'' [ɮɒ͡oc͡çɯ˞] "farmstead") from PLB *ɬakʰober "group, tribe, village, Lahob", PFg *juzjum (> Sky. ''juzsn'' [juʒn] "flower") from PLB *juɟom (whence e.g. [[Chlouvānem|Chl.]] ''yujam'' "lotus flower", meaning that the Skyrdagor words ''juzsn'' and the Chlouvānem borrowing ''judzsam'' "lotus" form a doublet), or PFg *onáj "island" (> Sky. ''ynej'' [ɯneː] "closed area, cell") from PLB *ʕanaj (whence e.g. Chl. ''lanai''). Some Proto-Lahob borrowings are also shared with Proto-Samaidulic; the latter word, for example, is also reconstructed as PSam *anaj, whence Bronic ''anea'' "island". | ||
===Kinship terms=== | |||
Skyrdagor's kinship terminology is Calémere's prototypical example of an [[w:Hawaiian kinship|Hawaiian kinship]] system – that is, aunts and uncles are referred to with the same terms as "mother" and "father", and cousins are referred to as "brothers" and "sisters". The actual terms used in Skyrdagor are a bit more complicated as they distinguish relative age in same-gendered siblings (incl. cousins), an trait found in many Fargulyn, Samaidulic, and Lahob languages. Note that most kinship terms (excluding, notably, "son" and "daughter") are obligatorily possessed nouns, hence only the stems will be given here: | |||
* ''fon-'' — father, uncle | |||
* ''bajn-'' — mother, aunt | |||
* ''myrus-'' — grandfather, grand uncle | |||
* ''livsz-'' — grandmother, grand aunt | |||
* ''lez-'' — (male's) older brother or male cousin | |||
* ''ysza-'' — (male's) younger brother or male cousin | |||
* ''hovs-'' — (female's) brother or male cousin | |||
* ''ylan-'' — (female's) older sister or female cousin | |||
* ''raj-'' — (female's) younger sister or female cousin | |||
* ''hiruj-'' — (male's) sister or female cousin | |||
==Example texts== | ==Example texts== | ||