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Teivo: Difference between revisions
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===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
All Teivo verbs are inflect according to the following structure: | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" | Prefix | |||
! colspan="7" | Stem | |||
! colspan="4" | Suffixes | |||
|- | |||
| -3 | |||
| -2 | |||
| -1 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 7 | |||
| 8 | |||
| 9 | |||
| 10 | |||
|- | |||
| <small>adverbial<br>suffix</small> | |||
| <small>negation</small> | |||
| <small>interrogative</small> | |||
| <small>root</small> | |||
| <small>valence</small> | |||
| <small>applicative</small> | |||
| <small>verb type<br>modifier</small> | |||
| <small>subaspect</small> | |||
| <small>aspect</small> | |||
| <small>mood</small> | |||
| <small>inverse<br>marker</small> | |||
| <small>object</small> | |||
| <small>subject</small> | |||
| <small>impersonal<br>marker</small> | |||
|} | |||
There are four main types of verbs: impersonal (no determinate subject), intransitive (one subject only), transitive (both subject and direct object), ditransitive (one subject and two objects). Not every verb can belong to all types, some (like ''unuara'' "to sleep") belong only to one type (in this case - intransitive, but technically it can be turned into transitive with a causative suffix: ''unutunara'' "to cause to sleep"). | There are four main types of verbs: impersonal (no determinate subject), intransitive (one subject only), transitive (both subject and direct object), ditransitive (one subject and two objects). Not every verb can belong to all types, some (like ''unuara'' "to sleep") belong only to one type (in this case - intransitive, but technically it can be turned into transitive with a causative suffix: ''unutunara'' "to cause to sleep"). | ||
*'''Impersonal''' or [[w:Avalency|avalent]] verbs are used in sentences with no determinate subject or if both the agent and the patient are inanimate, so neither can be a subject of such a sentence. An impersonal marker ''-e'' is put after a stem to make a verb avalent. | *'''Impersonal''' or [[w:Avalency|avalent]] verbs are used in sentences with no determinate subject or if both the agent and the patient are inanimate, so neither can be a subject of such a sentence. An impersonal marker ''-e'' is put after a stem to make a verb avalent. | ||