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Togarmite/Old: Difference between revisions
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#''θaφaȝȝēl/θaφuȝȝāl'' - tD-stem | #''θaφaȝȝēl/θaφuȝȝāl'' - tD-stem | ||
#''hastaφȝēl/hastuφȝāl'' - Št-stem | #''hastaφȝēl/hastuφȝāl'' - Št-stem | ||
They have 6 tenses: | |||
*Past: past action | |||
*Present: continuing or habitual action | |||
*Future: future action or completed in the future; gnomic tense | |||
*Subjunctive: used in certain subordinate clauses | |||
*Jussive: wishes | |||
*Imperative: commands | |||
====Binyan 1A: ''φaȝāl''==== | ====Binyan 1A: ''φaȝāl''==== | ||
Semantics: basic action | Semantics: basic action | ||
| Line 148: | Line 156: | ||
| ''yaχθúbna'' | | ''yaχθúbna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔaχθubánna'' | | ''ʔaχθubánna'' | ||
| ''θaχθubánna'' | | ''θaχθubánna'' | ||
| Line 260: | Line 268: | ||
| ''yuggadálna'' | | ''yuggadálna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔuggadalánna'' | | ''ʔuggadalánna'' | ||
| ''θuggadalánna'' | | ''θuggadalánna'' | ||
| Line 379: | Line 387: | ||
| ''yažaχχírna'' | | ''yažaχχírna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔažaχχiránna'' | | ''ʔažaχχiránna'' | ||
| ''θažaχχiránna'' | | ''θažaχχiránna'' | ||
| Line 485: | Line 493: | ||
| ''yažuχχárna'' | | ''yažuχχárna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔažuχχaránna'' | | ''ʔažuχχaránna'' | ||
| ''θažuχχaránna'' | | ''θažuχχaránna'' | ||
| Line 584: | Line 592: | ||
| ''yakdísna'' | | ''yakdísna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔakdisánna'' | | ''ʔakdisánna'' | ||
| ''θakdisánna'' | | ''θakdisánna'' | ||
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| ''yukdásna'' | | ''yukdásna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔukdasánna'' | | ''ʔukdasánna'' | ||
| ''θukdasánna'' | | ''θukdasánna'' | ||
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| ''yeθlaħámna'' | | ''yeθlaħámna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔeθlaħamánna'' | | ''ʔeθlaħamánna'' | ||
| ''θeθlaħamánna'' | | ''θeθlaħamánna'' | ||
| Line 901: | Line 909: | ||
| ''yeθθulħámna'' | | ''yeθθulħámna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔeθθulħamánna'' | | ''ʔeθθulħamánna'' | ||
| ''θeθθulħamánna'' | | ''θeθθulħamánna'' | ||
| Line 1,024: | Line 1,032: | ||
| ''yastatȝímna'' | | ''yastatȝímna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔastatȝimánna'' | | ''ʔastatȝimánna'' | ||
| ''θastatȝimánna'' | | ''θastatȝimánna'' | ||
| Line 1,130: | Line 1,138: | ||
| ''yastutȝámna'' | | ''yastutȝámna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔastutȝamánna'' | | ''ʔastutȝamánna'' | ||
| ''θastutȝamánna'' | | ''θastutȝamánna'' | ||
| Line 1,142: | Line 1,150: | ||
| ''yastutȝamnánna'' | | ''yastutȝamnánna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Subjunctive | ||
| ''ʔastútȝam'' | | ''ʔastútȝam'' | ||
| ''θastútȝam'' | | ''θastútȝam'' | ||