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User:Celinceithir/Sairstíreg: Difference between revisions
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|name = Sairstír Celinese | |name = Sairstír Celinese | ||
|nativename = Elíthec Sairstíroth; Sairstíreg | |nativename = Elíthec Sairstíroth; Sairstíreg | ||
|pronunciation = [ | |pronunciation = [ˈəˈlʲɨːθ̠əɣ sæʳˈʂʈɨːɹʊ], [sæʳˈʂʈɨːɹəɨ] | ||
|creator = A. Ayres | |creator = A. Ayres | ||
|setting = Lorech | |setting = Lorech | ||
| Line 85: | Line 85: | ||
| (ɕ) (ʑ) | | (ɕ) (ʑ) | ||
| ç | | ç | ||
| (x) | | (x) (ɣ) | ||
| | | | ||
| h (ɦ) | | h (ɦ) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 114: | Line 114: | ||
|} | |} | ||
* <c> and <g> are pronounced [k] and [g] when preceding [ɑ o̝] and allophones, and as [ɕ], [ʑ] before [ɨ ʉ e y] and their allophones. [ɕ] and [ʑ] have retroflex allophones, [ʂ] [ʐ], which appear before [ɑ o̝] and are typically transcribed as ''<ce>'' (or ''<se>'', ''<si>'' or ''<ci>'') and ''<ge>'' (or ''<gi>'', ''<re>'' and ''<ri>'') - for example, in words such as ''rioc'' (bitter) [ | * <c> and <g> are pronounced [k] and [g] when preceding [ɑ o̝] and allophones, and as [ɕ], [ʑ] before [ɨ ʉ e y] and their allophones. [ɕ] and [ʑ] have retroflex allophones, [ʂ] [ʐ], which appear before [ɑ o̝] and are typically transcribed as ''<ce>'' (or ''<se>'', ''<si>'' or ''<ci>'') and ''<ge>'' (or ''<gi>'', ''<re>'' and ''<ri>'') - for example, in words such as ''rioc'' (bitter) [ʐɔɣ] or ''ciora'' (wine) [ˈʂoːɹɒ]. | ||
* Much like in the traditional dialect of Ioðinbêr, <t> and <d> become affricates before [ɨ ʉ e y] - ''tír'' (country) is [tɕɨːɐ̯] whilst ''dé'' (you, object) is [dʑeː]. <ti> (or <te>) and <di> (or <de>) are used to transcribe a similar pair of sounds, the retroflex [tʂ] and [dʐ], before all other vowel sounds - e.g. ''teo'' (what) [tʂoː] and ''deomleth'' (poison) [ˈdʐɔmləθ]. | |||
* Unlike SEC, but like many Elithoan dialects particularly in Laurien, palatalisation effects a number of consonants before [ɨ ʉ e y] - the above-mentioned fricativisation and affrication of <c g t d> is just one way in which this surfaces. | |||
{| class="wikitable" border="1" | |||
|- | |||
! Glyph | |||
! Plain | |||
! Slender | |||
|- | |||
| m | |||
| '''mair''' (but) [mæɹ] | |||
| '''mirda''' (friend) [mʲɪʳdɒ] | |||
|- | |||
| n | |||
| '''noich''' (gas) [nύ] | |||
| '''neoir''' number) [nʲœɹ] | |||
|- | |||
| w | |||
| '''wolnor''' (wizard) [ˈwɔɫnʊɹ] | |||
| '''wyros''' (touch) [ˈvʲyɹʊs] | |||
|- | |||
| l | |||
| '''lauth''' (gas) [lɑʊθ] | |||
| '''lynn''' number) [lʲỹː(n)] | |||
|- | |||
| h | |||
| '''haíth''' (hour) [ˈɦai̯θ] | |||
| '''hylm''' (help) [çʏɫm] | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
* The Sairstír <r> sound is typically transcribed as [ɹ] or [ɻ], approximates that are quite different to the typical Elithoan tap [ɾ] or trill [r]. However, many varieties of SSG have the trill, particularly in the north of the country. <R> is typically vocalised as [ɐ̯] when syllable-final and preceding another consonant - e.g. ''arðoch'' (sincere) [ˈɑɐ̯ðʊç]. It is also often vocalised in word-final position: ''têr'' (God, [tɕeɹ] or [tɕeɐ̯]. | |||
* <d> is usually lenited to [z] in word-final position: ''wŷand'' [ˈvʲyːænz]. Final <c> and <g> are also lenited to [ɣ] and [ɨ̯]: ''soc'' (support) [sɔɣ], noreg (black) [ˈnoːʐəɨ̯]. | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
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<!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS --> | <!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS --> | ||
<div style="position: absolute; left: 30%; width: 3em; top: 58%; background: white;">ɛ</div> | <div style="position: absolute; left: 30%; width: 3em; top: 58%; background: white;">ɛ (œ)</div> | ||
<div style="position: absolute; left: 57%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;"></div> | <div style="position: absolute; left: 57%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;"></div> | ||
<div style="position: absolute; left: 83%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;">ɔ</div> | <div style="position: absolute; left: 83%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;">ɔ</div> | ||
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* In stressed, closed syllables, [ɨ ʉ e o y] are usually lowered to [ɪ ʊ ɛ ɔ ʏ], unless modified with a circumflex or acute diacritic: compare ''cyn'' (no) [ɕʏ̃(n)] with ''gŷn'' (family) [ʑỹː(n)]. | * In stressed, closed syllables, [ɨ ʉ e o y] are usually lowered to [ɪ ʊ ɛ ɔ ʏ], unless modified with a circumflex or acute diacritic: compare ''cyn'' (no) [ɕʏ̃(n)] with ''gŷn'' (family) [ʑỹː(n)]. | ||
* The vowel in stressed syllable that is open or marked with a circumflex or acute accent is almost always pronounce long. Compare ''lena'' (inside) - [ˈlɛna] in Elithoan but [ˈlʲeːˌnɒ] in Sairstírian - or ''wylo'' (wave), [ˈwɪlɔ] in SEC but [ˈvʲyːlo̝] in SSG. | * The vowel in stressed syllable that is open or marked with a circumflex or acute accent is almost always pronounce long. Compare ''lena'' (inside) - [ˈlɛna] in Elithoan but [ˈlʲeːˌnɒ] in Sairstírian - or ''wylo'' (wave), [ˈwɪlɔ] in SEC but [ˈvʲyːlo̝] in SSG. | ||
* Whilst by convention they are denoted as being pure vowels, [e ɨ ʉ o] are in many dialects usually diphthongised as [ei̯ ɨi̯ ʉu̯ ou̯], particularly in the cities of the southern triangle - compare northern SSG lôn [lõː(n)] with southern [loʊn]. | |||
[[ | |||
== Sound correspondences with Standard Elithoan Celinese == | == Sound correspondences with Standard Elithoan Celinese == | ||
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'''No Pre-alveolar [a] raising:''' Most early middle Elithoan Celinese varieties saw [a] raised to [æ] (Modern <e> [e]) before word-final d, l, n and r. This sound change did not occur in Sairstír, and thus is not reflected in the orthography - hence ''hyrân'' [çyˈɹɑ̃ːn] (red) instead of SEC's ''hyrèn'' or ''mayar'' instead of SEC maier. Before l and sometimes r, [ɑ] is raised and rounded to [ɔ], in itself reduced to [ʊ] when unstressed. Compare SSG ''lârol'' [lɑːɹʊɫ] and SEC ''lairel'' or SSG ''somor'' with SEC ''sofer''. | '''No Pre-alveolar [a] raising:''' Most early middle Elithoan Celinese varieties saw [a] raised to [æ] (Modern <e> [e]) before word-final d, l, n and r. This sound change did not occur in Sairstír, and thus is not reflected in the orthography - hence ''hyrân'' [çyˈɹɑ̃ːn] (red) instead of SEC's ''hyrèn'' or ''mayar'' instead of SEC maier. Before l and sometimes r, [ɑ] is raised and rounded to [ɔ], in itself reduced to [ʊ] when unstressed. Compare SSG ''lârol'' [lɑːɹʊɫ] and SEC ''lairel'' or SSG ''somor'' with SEC ''sofer''. | ||
'''Word-final voicing:''' Unlike SEC, Sairstír Celinese does not allow for word-final unvoiced plosives - so the likes of SEC ''sop'', ''pyp'' and ''lofot'' become ''sob'', ''pyb'' and ''lowod.'' This means that feminine plurals, -ot in SEC, end in -d in SSG: compare ''séilot'' with ''sêlod'' (days) or ''mildot'' with ''mirdod'' (friends). | |||
'''Absence of affricate-fricative mergers:''' Compared to most Celinese varieties, Sairstír Celinese is rich in affricates. The /pf/-/f/ merger that affected nearly every other dialect did not impact SSG: thus, ''trefí'' (meet) [tʐ̊ʏˈfɨː] and trephí (fall) [tʐ̊ʏˈpfɨː] are distinguished. Many common words such as phancast (latter) and phechoth (fish) conserve initial /pf/. | |||