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|nativename = κubrījō | |nativename = κubrījō | ||
|image = | |image = | ||
|setting = [[ | |setting = [[Verse:Unbegotten]] | ||
|name = Ancient Cubrite | |name = Ancient Cubrite | ||
|pronunciation = /'kʰubri:jɔ:/ | |pronunciation = /'kʰubri:jɔ:/ | ||
|region = | |region = Italy? | ||
|states = | |states = | ||
|speakers = | |speakers = | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Ancient Cubrite''' (natively 𐤄𐤋𐤔𐤅𐤍 𐤄𐤒𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤀 ''hal-lasūn haκ-κubrījō'' 'the Cubrite language' /ʔal'lasoːn ʔak'kʰubri:ja:/ or ''hal-lasūn hat-turȳdījō'' 'the Druidic language') is the stage of [[Cubrite]] after the split from Pre-Exilic Biblical Hebrew. It | '''Ancient Cubrite''' (natively 𐤄𐤋𐤔𐤅𐤍 𐤄𐤒𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤀 ''hal-lasūn haκ-κubrījō'' 'the Cubrite language' /ʔal'lasoːn ʔak'kʰubri:ja:/ or ''hal-lasūn hat-turȳdījō'' 'the Druidic language') is the stage of [[Cubrite]] after the split from Pre-Exilic Biblical Hebrew. It underwent drastic changes in mere centuries, thus ushering in the era of modern Cubrite. | ||
Ancient Cubrite developed in isolation from Hebrew and was influenced by Celtic languages such as Gaulish and Galatian. It is a separate lineage from the dialect of Canaanite that eventually gave rise to Tiberian Hebrew and the modern Jewish Hebrew reading traditions in Lõis. | Ancient Cubrite developed in isolation from Hebrew and was influenced by Celtic languages such as Gaulish and Galatian. It is a separate lineage from the dialect of Canaanite that eventually gave rise to Tiberian Hebrew and the modern Jewish Hebrew reading traditions in Lõis. | ||
Surviving literature in Ancient Cubrite includes bardic poetry; one Beowulf-length heroic epic, ''Tabarē Harδȳr'' (Tales of Arthur); incantations | Surviving literature in Ancient Cubrite includes bardic poetry; one Beowulf-length heroic epic, ''Tabarē Harδȳr'' (Tales of Arthur); and some incantations. | ||
==Todo== | ==Todo== | ||
| Line 657: | Line 657: | ||
*li- = to, for, of | *li- = to, for, of | ||
*pi- = in, at, by, with (inst.) | *pi- = in, at, by, with (inst.) | ||
*tum = like, as | *tum la- = like, as | ||
*miC- = from | *miC- = from | ||
*ȝim, hiδ = with (comit.) | *ȝim, hiδ = with (comit.) | ||
*wēn = without | *wēn = without | ||
*jaȝn = because of | *jaȝn = because of | ||
*ȝalē = on | |||
===Conjunctions=== | ===Conjunctions=== | ||
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A somewhat less common option is to use ''mī jeθθin wa'' + present dependent (lit. who will give that...). | A somewhat less common option is to use ''mī jeθθin wa'' + present dependent (lit. who will give that...). | ||
One can also simply use the present dependent. | |||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
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{{col-break}} | {{col-break}} | ||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
Ancient Cubrite | |||
''hāzīnū, has-samēm, pi-dappirī; sumȝī, hā-harc, | ''hāzīnū, has-samēm, pi-dappirī; sumȝī, hā-harc, jūδ millȳlē fî.'' | ||
[ˈhaːz̪iːnuː as̺ˈs̺ameːm pɪˈdapːɪriː, | [ˈhaːz̪iːnuː as̺ˈs̺ameːm pɪˈdapːɪriː, s̺umʁ̃ˁiː aːˈharˀts juːð ˈmɪllyːleː fiːː] | ||
''θesᴛuv θūraδī tum | ''θesᴛuv θūraδī tum lam-maᴛar, θezzal himraδī tum laᴛ-ᴛal,'' | ||
[ˈθɛs̺tʰʊv θuːraðiː tʊm | [ˈθɛs̺tʰʊv θuːraðiː tʊm lamˈmaˀtʰar, ˈθɛs̪s̪al ˈhimraðiː tʊm laˀtˈtʰal] | ||
''tum | ''tum la-naδz ȝalē dās, χa dum la-rū·neᴛīvō ȝalē ȝiśp.'' | ||
[tʊm | [tʊm laˈnaðz̪ ˈʁ̃ˁaleː daːs̺, xa dʊm laˈruːˈnɛˀtʰiːvɔː ˈʁ̃ˁaleː ʁ̃ˁeɬp] | ||
''jaȝn sim jāwē ze | ''jaȝn sim jāwē ze hiᴋrō; hūdū jūδ kadulaδ hilūhēnu,'' | ||
[ | [jɑ̃ʁ̃ˁn s̺ɪm ˈjaːweː z̪ɛ ˈheˀkʰrɔː, ˈhuːduː juːð ˈkadʊlað ˈɪluːheːnuː] | ||
''hac-cȳr hār | ''hac-cȳr hār muδūmam fuȝlū, jaȝn mesfaᴛ taraχaw χullōn,'' | ||
[aˀˈtsːyːr aːr | [aˀˈtsːyːr aːr ˈmʊðuːmam ˈfõʁ̃ˁluː, jɑ̃ʁ̃ˁn ˈmɛs̺faˀtʰ ˈtaraxaw ˈxʊlːɔːn] | ||
''hilû hamin wēn | ''hilû hamin wēn zadō; cattīᴋ χa jasar hū.'' | ||
[ˈhiluːː ˈhamɪn weːn | [ˈhiluːː ˈhamɪn weːn s̪adɔː, ˈtsattiːˀk xa ˈjas̺ar huː] | ||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
{{col-break}} | {{col-break}} | ||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
Tiberian Hebrew | Masoretic Text, L-Tiberian Hebrew pronunciation | ||
הַאֲזִינוּ הַשָּׁמַיִם, וַאֲדַבֵּרָה; וְתִשְׁמַע הָאָרֶץ, אִמְרֵי-פִי. | |||
[haːʔaˈziːnuː haʃʃɔːˈmaːjim vaːʔaðabˈbeːɻɔː vaθiʃˈmaːːʕ hɔːˈʔɔːɻɛtsʼ ʔimˈɻeːˈfiː] | |||
יַעֲרֹף כַּמָּטָר לִקְחִי, תִּזַּל כַּטַּל אִמְרָתִי, | |||
[jaːʕaˈɻoːːf kʰammaːˈtʼɑːːɻ ɭikʼˈħiː tʰizˈzaːːl kʰɑtˈtʼɑːːl ʔimɻɔːˈθiː] | |||
כִּשְׂעִירִם עֲלֵי-דֶשֶׁא, וְכִרְבִיבִים עֲלֵי-עֵשֶׂב. | |||
[kʰisʕiːˈɻiːːm ʕaleːˈðɛːʃɛː vaχɪɻviːˈviːːm ʕaleːˈʕeːsɛv] | |||
כִּי שֵׁם יְהוָה, אֶקְרָא: הָבוּ גֹדֶל, לֵאלֹהֵינוּ. | |||
[kʰiː ʃeːemʔaðoːˈnɔːːj ʔɛkʼˈɹɔː hɔːˈvuː ˈʁoːðɛl leːloːˈheːnuː] | |||
תָּמִים פָּעֳלוֹ, כִּי כָל-דְּרָכָיו מִשְׁפָּט: | |||
[hɑtˈtsʼuːːr tʰɔːˈmiːːm pʰɔːʕɔˈloː kʰiːχɔldɑɹɒːˈχɔːːv miʃˈpʰɒːːtʼ] | |||
אֵל אֱמוּנָה וְאֵין עָוֶל, צַדִּיק וְיָשָׁר הוּא. | |||
[ˈʔeːːl ʔɛmuːˈnɔː veˈʔeːːn ˈʕɔːvɛl tsʼɑdˈdiːːkʼ vijɔːˈʃɔːːɻ ˈhuː] | |||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
{{col-break}} | {{col-break}} | ||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
English (A. Z. Foreman) | English (tr. A. Z. Foreman) | ||
Heavens give ear as I speak! Let Earth hear words from my lips, | Heavens give ear as I speak! Let Earth hear words from my lips, | ||
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==Lexicon== | ==Lexicon== | ||
===h=== | ===h=== | ||
*'' | *''hōbō'' = love | ||
*''hilû'' (pl. '' | *''hilû'' (pl. ''hiūhīm'') = an animistic spirit, like a Japanese ''kami'' | ||
*''hasírō'' = the spirit of a tree | *''hasírō'' = the spirit of a tree | ||
*''hinni'' = but | *''hinni'' = but | ||
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===w=== | ===w=== | ||
===z=== | ===z=== | ||
*''zadō'' = | *''zadō'' = injustice, wrong (זדה is a hapax legomena in the Siloam inscription) | ||
*''zaruħō'' = radiance | *''zaruħō'' = radiance | ||
===ħ=== | ===ħ=== | ||
*''ħabab'' = to love (stative) | *''ħabab'' = to love (stative) | ||