User:IlL/Sketchbook: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
==Hlou gib==
Challenge: make this gib meaningful
needs more prenasalized stops?
<poem>
Mpfëin schwie ein Tzahl aus Trub,
love ...
Leid wen Bläuß dran, mal Schlub von trlin.
but ...
Väd mleib weg das Nglëiß hin,
Raus ein Pfehl nun schraß Schlin taub tlub.
Daß zu Mläud ein Zeig Pfaß,
if...
blein Eib zu Mëd wohl Schlaß,
klaub wie raug Mlob weil schraß zeid Flub.
Daß zu Veß ein Drläub flein,
if...
Wohl wie ein Xäuß schred sein,
Pfehl tzag ntzau die Vaul blein raus Schmub.
Daß zu Wein Traub ein Ndlag,
if...
Aus zu Nlöb pfeib je Schmag mein Waud,
schwiß, ob Dlau! dran flëd Schaud,
klöh xan haud wie Trëb, haud nun Trub.
Mpfëin schwie ein Tzahl aus Trub,
Leid wen Bläuß dran, mal Schlub von trlin.
Väd mleib weg das Nglëiß hin,
Raus ein Pfehl nun schraß Schlin taub tlub.
</poem>
==Some old gibs==
==Some old gibs==
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer.
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer.

Revision as of 01:41, 1 July 2018

Some old gibs

Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer. Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt! der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht. (irish gib is also easy to adapt) Und dauchte die Miegung. Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha. An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach? und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha

Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.

die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte. Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren. Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον! Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον. Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.

Scope of negation

different negative markers for scope

Talman Swutsim gib

Tiʔə dhiʔə atsiσtovif o tiʔiσ tühacw zichvidh tjəσ. Go tüasσaσe o tüdhi sfavats. Dhiσəf tüʔüchw. Tüσaσe. Go tσüfiʔfiʔ. Go dhiσ tədhəfüchs ogwəʔ. Go tüσaσe ogwəʔ.

Go avsvədhvədhaʔ ogwəʔ. Avsvədhvədhaʔ ogwəʔ. Go tiʔe iσütσ vədhaʔs ogwəʔ go əscupcup. Əscupcup. Fi gwədjəsədhəs gwədhəfüʔibəsjəs. Go dhay tiʔə tjotjosəs.

Tüasσaσe tiʔə yoyoavs ʔo tüdhiʔ cif sfavats o tiʔə pədhhədhəv. Go ətəse. Go oe tiʔiσ tσüsce ə tiʔə dhiʔə suaf, tiʔə diʔə tσfayʔ. tuʔa go əsjavoicw ogwəʔ ə tiʔiσ voəsuadhf i tə viatsəs süfifis ogwəʔ.

Go oeəf ti sətjites fəʔo cwi sətəses. Go σüʔətσaf ogwəʔ. Σüvəvocwaf ogwəʔ fəʔo tiʔə dhiʔə tjit σcütsidh ə tiʔə dhiʔə səʔeütsidh ə Fcov. A cwədhiʔ təsəsσaσes əgwə. Tuʔa go, go ətσtfaf ogwəʔ tiʔə stavs ogwəʔ o tiʔə dhadhatü.

Tuʔa go tsüttəvəf ʔə təsiʔəʔ dhiʔə sσadhəy tiʔə vədhaʔəs əscupcup. Ütsüütsəf. "Dhəfuüs sif tiʔə dhvədhaʔ. Go chu tsədhiσ cwi səschwacw. Go fiʔ gwəsəshayfs gwəchəσəσəs chətj tiʔə vədhaʔs. Chuəf ogwəʔ üʔətσ. Ucwitsf ogwəʔ tə stavs ogwəʔ savgwasəs ogwəʔ.

Tuʔa go hüyütsütəf tiʔə dhiʔə tsədhiσ vədhaʔs ogwəʔ əscupcup. Cwədhadhəf tiʔə dhətjüʔ sitsəvs i tiʔə scaʔsjədhs. Tuʔa go tüzace. Dhiσ dhay sühüs ti süzaces. Go zəceəf fəʔo tiʔə tactavats, ti stactavats stütoəf. Go titjiv ftactütsidh. Titjivəf. Go əschətσədh tiʔə sitsəvs. Go σoe ftactütsidh go zace ftact. Zəce ftact go σtje fəʔo tiʔə ʔəsgwigwoc. Go tichidh tiʔə sitsəvs üσəcw. Go atsəts o tiʔiσ. Go σache. Go cov.

ceəf tiʔə yoyoavs. Tüsasʔavgwas. Go fiʔoüsvitəvəf go gwətjtəvaf. Cwədhtəvaf ftjadh cwi süchwəs, ftjadh cwi süchwəs. Ücwətəvaf gücwitəs. Go gwətəvaʔ. Go gwəpəcw o ti stuəf. Tuʔa go atsəts. Fiʔəf gwəsoʔuüs ogwəʔ. Chuəf ogwəʔ ügwətjəv. Go chwi gwədhəchcwəfs ogwəʔ o tiʔiσ dhəfüfs.

Llanfair...gogogoch gib

Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)

Fyxámian national anthem

Eevo

English translation

Verse 1

[...]
[...]
From antipode to antipode
Men of thy deeds do sing.

Refrain

Book and paper titles in Eevo

  • (A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields)
  • (Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties)
  • Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb (Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields) (fT 2259)
  • Regular Temperaments

Primitive Seargais

long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío

éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere

short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ

changes from proto seargais to seargais
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!

a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e

spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/

short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)

Seargais superstrate

same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a

Seargais consonants

p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)

Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology

Proto-C'mon-C'mere

a i u ə ā ī ū ə­̄ -> a i u ø ā ī ū ø­̄
aj ij uj əj āj īj ūj ə̄j -> ē ī ȳ ē ɛ̄ ī ȳ ɛ̄
aw iw uw əw āw īw ūw ə̄w -> ō ȳ ū ō ɔ̄ ȳ ū ɔ̄
ac ic uc əc āc īc ūc ə̄c -> o e u o ɔ̄ ɛ̄ ō ɔ̄

PPul p/pp/b/bb becomes:

stressed syllables: f/p/f/p

unstressed syllables: b/b/f/p

Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Medial Palatal Velar Labiovelar
central lateral central lateral
Voiceless stop p /p/ t /t/ /ʈ/ c /k/
Voiced stop d /d/
Voiceless fricative ph /ɸ/ th /θ/ s /s/ ł /ɬ~ɮ/ /ʂ/ ł̣ /ɬ̢~ɮ̢/ ch /x/
Voiced fricative ƀ /β/ đ /ð/ z /z/ /ʐ/ ǥ /ɣ/
Affricate ts /ts/
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ /ɳ/ ñ /ɲ/ ŋ /ŋ/
Nasalized fricative mh /β̃/ nh /ð̃/ ṇh /ʐ̃/ ñh /ʝ̃/ ŋh /ɣ̃/
Approximant l /l/ r /ɻ/ /ɭ/ y /j/ w /w/

Vowels

Front Near-front Near-back Back
unrounded rounded unrounded rounded unrounded rounded
High í /i/ ü /y/ ũ /ɯ/ ú /u/
Near-High i /ɪ̈/ u /ʊ̈/
Mid é /e/ ö /ø/ õ /ɤ/ o /o/
Low-Mid e /ɛ̈/ o /ɔ̈/
Low á /æ/ a /a/ å /ɑ~ɒ/

Vowels may be long. This is indicated orthographically by doubling the vowel letter. Proto-C'mon-C'mere does not have diphthongs.

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

The syllable structure is (C)(C)V(C). In addition, clusters of two consonants are allowed word-finally.

There are no restrictions on consonant clusters which means Proto-C'mon-C'mere allows some pretty weird consonant clusters, for example: mkéénhp (ferments into lactic acid)

Something with Khmer-ish vowels - for Clotricin

m n p t ts tł k ʔ t' ts' tł' k' s ł ʂ h j w l

a ɛ e i ə ɨ ɔ o u + long versions; iə ɨə uə əa əe əo eə oə ei~ai əɨ~aɨ ou~au

Phonotactics: V, CV, CVC, no hiatuses

numbers in the khmer-ish thing 1: yəp 2: tsıə 3: mouš 4: k'uul 5: heə'a 6: 'əwaets 7: miisił 8: tłıpi 9: šəola 10: pəeš

11: pəek'ayəp, 12: pəek'atsiə, ...

20: tsiəpəš, 30: moušwəš, 40: k'uulwəš, 50: heə'apəš, 60: 'əwaetswəš, 70: miisiłwəš, 80: tłıpiwəš, 90: šəolapəš, 100: əımə

Huichaltzah's alien language

p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ s ɬ x h m n ŋ l ʟ w j a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)

Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases

Non-gib ideas

Toneless Polyejectivevietnamese

toneless polysyllabic ejectivevietnamese with around 5 or 6 vowels, and no diphthongs

Vowels: /i~ɨ e~ɘ ɛ~ɜ a ɔ o u/

Consonants: /p pʼ t tʼ ts tsʼ tʂ tʂʼ k kʼ ʔ f s ʂ x h m n ŋ l ɹ j w/

Kaagasa

Medials or finals

m, n, ng, l, r > m, n, ŋ, l, ɦ

b, f, t, s, tz, sch, g, ch > p, f, t, s, s, ʃ, k, h

mpf, nt, ns, nz, nk > mf, nt, nz, ns, nk

lb, lf, lt, ls, lz, lk, lch, lm > jp, jf, jt, jz, js, jk, jh, jm

rb, rf, rt, rs, rz, rk, rch, rm, rn > ab, af, at, az, as, ak, ax, ah, an

ft, st, chs, cht > :t, jt, js, jt

-el, -e, -er > -i, -e, -a

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
central lateral
Click plain ǃ
aspirated ǃʰ
nasalised ᵑǃ
breathy nasalised ᶢǃʱ
Nasal plain m n ŋ
breathy ŋʱ
Stop voiceless p t
aspirated
breathy b d ɡ
implosive ɓ ɗ ɠ
Fricative voiceless f s ɬ ʃ x h
breathy v z ɮ ɣ ɦ
Approximant plain l j

Vowels

lb, lf, lt, ls/lz, lk, lch, lm > /jp, jf, jt, js, jk, jx, jm/

rC > /aC/

-0, -es/-el, -e, -er, -en > -u [ɨ], -i, -e, -a, -o?

au, eu > o:, ø:

Vowel system: /i i: y y: u u: e e: ø ø: o o: a a: ui ei øi oi ai ia ya ua ea øa oa/

Allowed final vowels: /i u e o a/

Bändli

Zulu pseudo-gib

Initials

schm, m > m, mh

schn, n > n, nh

schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh

sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b

st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d

ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq

k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g

r > hh

f, w > f, v

fl, kl, schl > hl

bl, gl > dl

pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/

br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/

j > y

schw > f

z, s, sch > s, z, sh

ent- > prenasalization

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
central lateral
Click plain ǃ
aspirated ǃʰ
nasalised ᵑǃ
breathy nasalised ᶢǃʱ
Nasal plain m n ŋ
breathy ŋʱ
Stop voiceless p t
aspirated
breathy b d ɡ
implosive ɓ ɗ ɠ
Fricative voiceless f s ɬ ʃ x h
breathy v z ɮ ɣ ɦ
Approximant plain l j

Vowels

i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/

Tones

No tone

Roshterian revision

Roshterian uses the following 22 consonants:

Labial Dental/Alveolar Retroflex Velar Uvular Glottal
central lateral central lateral
Nasal m /m/ n /n̪/ /ɳ/ [ŋ] [ɴ]
Stop voiceless p /p/ t /t̪/ /ʈ/ c /k/ q /q/
voiced b /b/ d /d̪/ /ɖ/ g /g/
Continuant voiceless f /f/ s /s̪/ /ʂ/ h /h/
voiced v /v/ r /ɾ/ l /l̪/ /ɻ/ /ɭ/ /ʁ/
  • kw, gw > p, b
  • gl-, gr- > l, r
  • θ, δ, t, d > t, d, ʈ, ɖ (with many exceptions)
  • *ā > ia (*nā > nia 'I'); *ō > ua; *au > oo; *ou > uu; *ū > ii
  • *qʷ > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > ; *ʁʷ > /ζ/ >
    • ʁʷelinə ("6 parts [of 12]") > ṟelin 'half'
  • *nw, tw, dw, sw, θw, lw, rw > ṉ, ṯ, ḏ, s̱, f, ḻ, ṟ /ɳ, ʈ, ɖ, ʂ, f, ɭ, ɻ/
    • gʷaθwā > bafi 'neck, throat' ~ Thn. gaθuā 'throat (also language)'
  • *sl-, sm-, sn- > ḻ-, m-, ṉ-
  • *sɸ-, sr-, sw- > s̱-, ṟ-, s̱-
  • *st, sk, skʷ, sq > s-/st, ṯ-/s̱ṯ-, f, q-/s̱q
    • stas- > tetsil 'gathering' (~ Thn. Stasnyssōs > Tíogall Stánsa, Clofabosin stannsin 'a holiday')
    • skəttā > tyyṯi 'body' ~ Thn. scyttā
    • *bastom > bast 'king' ~ Thn. bastom 'head'
  • *sb, sd, sg > ṟb, ṟḏ, ṟg
    • *nasg- > naṟg '3'
  • *φn, tn, φl, tl/dl > /ːn, s-/ts, l, ɖ/
    • łnāgin > tiagin 'I believe' ~ Thn. θnāginis
    • oφlutsus > oolus 'wave'
  • *kt, qt > /jt, ːʈ/
    • *tektə > ṯeit /ʈɛit/ 'child'
    • *neqtə > neeṯ /neːʈ/ 'cloud'
  • *ks, qs > /js, ːʂ/
  • *kn, gn, kʷn, gʷn, qn, ql, qr > /jn, jn, :m, :m, :ɳ, :ɻ, :ɻ/ (with **/uj/ > /uː/ )
    • sφugnus > s̱uun 'root' ~ Thn. sφugnus
    • leqnos > leeṉ 'river' ~ Thn. leānos?
    • qrīdis > ṟiid 'knife' ~ Thn. ȝrīdis 'edge'
    • gʷnūnum > miin 'scar' ~ Thn. gnūnum 'scar', Tíogall gnúinte 'scar'
  • *φj, tj, kj, qj > pt s s-/t ḡ
  • *j-, s- > h-
  • *φ- > ∅-
  • Initial short vowels drop
  • *skj, stj > t-/st, s-/ːs
  • final short vowels lost; final -m, -r, -s, -t lost; final long vowels shorten (ia, ua > i, u)
  • i-affection: The following changes affect V1 in sequences of the form V1 + consonant cluster + ultimate (*i/*ī/*j) unless the consonant cluster after V1 contains a retroflex consonant.
    • a > e
    • e > i
  • Stress shifts to final
  • Some combining forms and combined forms are altered due to the stress shift - conjunct forms for verbs arise when there is an antepenultimate syllable

Nurotransmitter

Clofabic-influenced (some depalatalization), dialects: Dopamine, Acetylcholine

Gebocham

  • Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ < a/ae ē/i ī ā/o/au e ō/u/y ū/ȳ
  • Vowel harmony groups:
    • high tense: i ʉ
    • high lax: ɪ ʊ
    • low: æ ʌ
    • ə is neutral

Äŋguk.mäi

Äŋguk.mäi /æŋguŋmæj/ is a hypothetical future descendant of modern Korean.

Bolõn iŋgän.õn þeanäi tte.vuþa cäjurop.ko kõ conam.vä kalli.jeßa toŋlõŋ.älä. Iŋgän.õn sanbu.zaõro ihaŋvä jäŋhimõ puja.väläß.ko haro jaŋzee.e caŋhin.õro eŋloŋ.ejändä.

1sg: na > dä

2sg: neo/ni > di

Russo-Salish

Labial Alveolar Retroflex Velar Glottal
hard soft hard soft soft hard
Nasal glottalized n̪ʼ nʲʼ ŋʲʼ ŋʼ
plain m ŋʲ ŋ
Stop plain k ʔ
ejective t̪ʼ tʲʼ kʲʼ
voiced b
Affricate plain ts tsʲ
ejective tsʼ tsʲʼ tʂʼ
voiced dz dzʲ
Fricative voiceless f s ʂ x h
voiced v z ʐ ɣʲ ɣ
Approximant glottalized lˠʼ lʲʼ
plain j


Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid ə
Open a

Sister of Naquian

  • PNaq ś ǵʰ > θ ð (sometimes t d)
  • s > ɟ > j (initial, before a vowel)

Salish + Old Chinese

m n ŋ ŋʷ mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) a e i o u ə

CW language sketch

m n p t ts k q b d dz g s h ʀ w l r j

i u e o æ a

Some auxlang?

Consonants

Consonants
Labial Coronal Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ ŋ /ŋ/
Plosive unaspirated b /p/ d /t/ j /tɕ/ g /k/
aspirated p /pʰ/ t /tʰ/ ch /tɕʰ/ k /kʰ/
Fricative f /f/ s /s/ sh /ɕ/ kh /x/ h /h/
Approximant w /w~v/ l /l/; r /r/ y /j/
Trill r /r/

Vowels

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i /i/ u /u/
Mid e /e/ ə /ø~ə~ɤ/ o /o/
Open a /a/

Diphthongs: ai ao /ai au/

Phonotactics

Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.

Lushootseed to Clofab

sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!

Σȣομʚ

Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.

Clickgerman ideas

Inspired by "Kxǂ’auǁʼein", Old Irish and Ancient Wiebian

Primitive Clickgerman

for proto-s-wiebic: what about a GVS (əy > ii > ay > əə > aa > ee and əw > uu > au > oo) in open syllables and another vowel shift (ii ee ay əy)(uu oo aw əw) in closed syllables? iw > iə and uy > uə as i had before

1. sīdzu

2. kli

3. sqā

4. mēfi

5. pə̄ku

6. hə̄tλhi

7. dẓətā

8. baŋudh

9. dzōn

10. qhāḍī

11. gādziə

12. dziə

Proto-X-Wiebic consonants
Labial Denti-alveolar Lateral Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal plain m m n n ɳ ŋ ŋ
breathy voiced mh nh ṇh ɳʱ ŋh ŋʱ
Stop tenuis p p t t ʈ c c k k q q
aspirated ph th ṭh ʈʰ ch kh qh
voiced b b d d ɖ j ɟ g g ɢ ɢ
breathy voiced bh dh ḍh ɖʱ jh ɟʰ gh ɢh ɢʱ
Affricate tenuis ts ts tṣ
aspirated tsh tsʰ tσh tɬʰ tṣh tʂʰ
voiced dz dz dẓ
breathy voiced dzh dzʱ dλh dɮʱ dẓh dʐʱ
Fricative plain f f s s σ ɬ ʂ ç ç h h
aspirated fh sh σh ɬʰ ṣh ʂʰ çh çʰ
Resonants plain l l ɭ y j
breathy voiced lh ḷh ɭʱ

Vowels: i u ə a i: u: e: ə: o: a: iə uə əj aj əw aw i u ə a ī ū ē ə̄ ō ā iə uə əi ai əu au

Stress: consistently initial, including prefixes

Syncope+umlaut

baŋudh > boŋdh

Clickogenesis

boŋdh > boŋg!ʱ

Umlaut

Old Clickgerman

Old Irishy

Ubykhization

boŋg!ʱ > boŋg!ʱə > bʷaŋg!ʱə

pʷ > p

Something like GVS

i: u: > ai au

iə uə > i: u:

Modern Clickgerman

Vowels: /a i u aː iː uː ai au ə/ a i u ah ie uh ei au e - wide-ranging allophony depending on accent/dialect

  • [æ e o ɑ i u ɛ ɔ]
  • [a i u ɔ ei ou ai au]

Qe!

Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.

Pristac Guanorliviroc

Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Finno-Arabic

/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/

Irish with pharyngealized consonants

/a/: a ea ae eae /e/: oeu eu oe e /i/: ai ia aia i /o/: o uo uea ue /u/: aua ua au u

Hebrew alphabet for Irish

ב כ ד ף ג ה ל מ פ ר ס ת = native consonants

rafe at the beginning, lack of dagesh elsewhere = séimhiú

iluy = eclipsis?

vowel signs: patach = a, hard schwa patach aleph = á yud patach aleph = eá aleph tzere yud = ae segol = ea, ei, soft schwa tzere = é shva (optional) = zero vowel hiriq = i aleph yud = aí, aoi, ao hiriq yud = í hiriq aleph = ia qamatz = o holam = ó yud holam = eo qubbutz = u shuruq = ú yud shuruq = iú qubbutz aleph = ua

Word-final schwa accompanied by a mater lectionis he. Word-final he is marked with a mappiq for word-final /h/.

Uncanny valley Korean

Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/

Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.

Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/

Proto-Eomujic

  • ä, a, e, o
  • eu, i <- syllabic resonants
  • p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
  • s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
  • m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h

Gleb phonologies

SEA-esque

m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h l̻ j w

i iː ɨ ɨː u uː e eː ɘ ɘː o oː ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː a aː

Indic-esque

m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h r ɽ j i u ɪ ʊ ɑ


(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/

Pseudo-Polynesian

m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a

(C)V

C: a consonant

V: a vowel

Gleb seed 1516956979

Liquidless pseudo-French

m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a consonant

Gleb seed 1601724777

A nice one

m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/

Gleb seed 1364524938

vaguely Clofab

consonants:

m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w

vowels:

a e i o u

syllable structure: (C)V

Gleb seed 1390372573

Liquidless phonology

m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x

a e ɛ i o ɔ u

(C)V(N)

C: a consonant

V: a vowel

N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/

Gleb seed 1408165181

A Damin

  • Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
  • Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
  • Affricates: tθ ʡħ
  • Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
  • Clicks: ʞ
  • Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
  • vowels: y ɤ æ

from An Bhlaoighne

big: go qhéith
small: go chun
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaos, na fhaos
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cilear, na cilear
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fhéir, na bhféir
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofa, na sciofa
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíola, na bíola
breast: an dhsrachta, na srachta
heart: an luicheamh, na luicheamh
liver: an steóiseamh, na dhsteóiseamh
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'

to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith

Blablabla

Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriede

Die Breige hüben friene Grauscher,
in siefe ausgepferzte dauscher;
Säder brinnt zer einem Wist,
Fagel hirzen leine drisst.
Beđehn' die dir in Ŧimst entfeißet,
gim itzo Feuche haben,
und Meden brassen was mich sŧeißet,
Đechse vorzuschraben.
Wenngleich das Werg in Krafe seucht,
mieŧ' ich wie Sprame gürfen;
Denn mich bekriest die weistlich' Dreucht,
die mich in Reune stürfen.
Mein Günden heigt im färz'gen Harbe;
was mich zur gracken Fasen funget.
Feisen Ŧickmasionen ŧarbe,
neifen sie herch hinbrunget.

Was Zühlen erkeifet, bacht heinaden Gnad';
Mein' Kründ'rung erbrauget und diro getrat.
Die Juchtlingen pfriechender Häumen zu henken,
Verschwilligereien, die itzund uns brenken.
Wir reftmunschig braußen,
mit zärbenden Faußen,
Ermeie uns, wenn unser' Berze dir schmannt!