User:IlL/Sketchbook
Varquun Swadesh List
| No. | English | Varquun |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | hál (informal) |
| 2 | you (singular) | azj (informal) |
| 3 | he | bbil (animate), bbifus (inanimate) |
| 4 | we | háliŋ (informal) |
| 5 | you (plural) | azjiŋ (informal) |
| 6 | they | bbilúrr (animate), bbifusúrr (inanimate) |
| 7 | this | a-, al (animate), afus (inanimate) |
| 8 | that | near 2: bbi-, bbil (animate), bbifus (inanimate); distal: ra-, ral (animate), rafus (inanimate) |
| 9 | here | ató |
| 10 | there | near 2: bbitó, distal: rató |
| 11 | who | ssal |
| 12 | what | which/what kind of X: tjivérr, which of two: hékumm |
| 13 | where | tjitó |
| 14 | when | tjihni |
| 15 | how | tjivérraff |
| 16 | not | rí- |
| 17 | all | kkúff |
| 18 | many | énvah |
| 19 | some | nnahah |
| 20 | few | ussíyah |
| 21 | other | mudu |
| 22 | one | adj |
| 23 | two | físj |
| 24 | three | iyav |
| 25 | four | ŋŋuzzan |
| 26 | five | túl |
| 27 | big | ppallkkah |
| 28 | long | vvíyah |
| 29 | wide | llahmah |
| 30 | thick | xxisjtjah |
| 31 | heavy | návvah |
| 32 | small | zjuwah |
| 33 | short | virhah |
| 34 | narrow | kkakkartah |
| 35 | thin | hŋéyah |
| 36 | woman | djuŋŋ |
| 37 | man (adult male) | zzít |
| 38 | man (human being) | llósj |
| 39 | child | rakku |
| 40 | wife | vvúlltja |
| 41 | husband | yalí |
| 42 | mother | sjumma |
| 43 | father | sjudda |
| 44 | animal | kkalltt |
| 45 | fish | óra |
| 46 | bird | híŋ |
| 47 | dog | nuhl |
| 48 | louse | haré |
| 49 | snake | ddúf |
| 50 | worm | éwsa |
| 51 | tree | sjayf |
| 52 | forest | usskk |
| 53 | stick | ŋadji |
| 54 | fruit | fédd |
| 55 | seed | yaxxá |
| 56 | leaf | dawrr |
| 57 | root | rróŋgi |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | hllandj |
| 59 | flower | áll |
| 60 | grass | hédj |
| 61 | rope | ggarru |
| 62 | skin | allab |
| 63 | meat | raŋŋa |
| 64 | blood | vésji |
| 65 | bone | tjín |
| 66 | fat (noun) | hunvi |
| 67 | egg | kké |
| 68 | horn | aki |
| 69 | tail | ffúra |
| 70 | feather | llayind |
| 71 | hair | yósj |
| 72 | head | ssttána |
| 73 | ear | hóy |
| 74 | eye | nill |
| 75 | nose | téha |
| 76 | mouth | istu |
| 77 | tooth | sawdj |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | bbúda |
| 79 | fingernail | haski |
| 80 | foot | annddal |
| 81 | leg | lénd |
| 82 | knee | rraftj |
| 83 | hand | bbár |
| 84 | wing | tallss |
| 85 | belly | bré |
| 86 | guts | ŋŋúli |
| 87 | neck | zzán |
| 88 | back | mazar |
| 89 | breast | ŋihni |
| 90 | heart | hallan |
| 91 | liver | rruhar |
| 92 | to drink | slayah |
| 93 | to eat | kanah |
| 94 | to bite | ŋíffah |
| 95 | to suck | yakkah |
| 96 | to spit | ttéyah |
| 97 | to vomit | affttah |
| 98 | to blow | hrrágah |
| 99 | to breathe | yiŋufah |
| 100 | to laugh | hizrah |
| 101 | to see | ímah |
| 102 | to hear | fissttah |
| 103 | to know | vvandah |
| 104 | to think | hmáyah |
| 105 | to smell | ussíyah |
| 106 | to fear | X-TOPIC Y-NOM kkammayah ( = X fears Y) |
| 107 | to sleep | kkúyah |
| 108 | to live | lawrah |
| 109 | to die | sjtjíŋah |
| 110 | to kill | hnéddah |
| 111 | to fight | nóŋah |
| 112 | to hunt | sjagrah |
| 113 | to hit | zjikkah |
| 114 | to cut | xxúsjah |
| 115 | to split | ssŋŋóhah |
| 116 | to stab | rráxxah |
| 117 | to scratch | xxózjah |
| 118 | to dig | dabbah |
| 119 | to swim | bbllaxah |
| 120 | to fly | vrínnah |
| 121 | to walk | huvvah |
| 122 | to come | hribah |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | ggíyah (lie down) |
| 124 | to sit | ihnah (sit down) |
| 125 | to stand | ŋúlah (stand up) |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | ayfah |
| 127 | to fall | zjúzjah |
| 128 | to give | ttuggah |
| 129 | to hold | gníffah |
| 130 | to squeeze | ssrruwah |
| 131 | to rub | spówah |
| 132 | to wash | nihrah |
| 133 | to wipe | sséyah |
| 134 | to pull | xrahah |
| 135 | to push | véllah |
| 136 | to throw | ttnnáyah |
| 137 | to tie | ffrrítjah |
| 138 | to sew | mallggah |
| 139 | to count | nnówah |
| 140 | to say | sjixxah |
| 141 | to sing | xxunnddaffah |
| 142 | to play | dahllah |
| 143 | to float | zjínayah |
| 144 | to flow | ssaŋŋah |
| 145 | to freeze | yuŋkah |
| 146 | to swell | palah |
| 147 | sun | pass |
| 148 | moon | kalda |
| 149 | star | wihnu |
| 150 | water | rrá |
| 151 | rain | zérr |
| 152 | river | briyaŋ |
| 153 | lake | hédja |
| 154 | sea | laxxatt |
| 155 | salt | yawkk |
| 156 | stone | hŋŋáy |
| 157 | sand | ŋlimé |
| 158 | dust | djanu |
| 159 | earth | vvóll |
| 160 | cloud | skúdj |
| 161 | fog | hullál |
| 162 | sky | lóppu |
| 163 | wind | djukkarr |
| 164 | snow | zaŋŋkk |
| 165 | ice | ddól |
| 166 | smoke | tlór |
| 167 | fire | nnay |
| 168 | ash | ttága |
| 169 | to burn | léssah |
| 170 | road | zuhl |
| 171 | mountain | umm |
| 172 | red | ppawah |
| 173 | green | waygah |
| 174 | yellow | vvrrúwah |
| 175 | white | éttayah |
| 176 | black | yuŋgah |
| 177 | night | ssrrí |
| 178 | day | zjóll |
| 179 | year | lahi |
| 180 | warm | iriyah |
| 181 | cold | hunnah |
| 182 | full | zzrrukkuwah |
| 183 | new | wópiyah |
| 184 | old | sskkúhah |
| 185 | good | ŋŋussah |
| 186 | bad | óffah |
| 187 | rotten | ttúkuwah |
| 188 | dirty | hrruzzuwah |
| 189 | straight | ambéyah |
| 190 | round | ddabiyah |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | wésjah |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | yuffrrah |
| 193 | smooth | vvílsjah |
| 194 | wet | lákkah |
| 195 | dry | bálah |
| 196 | correct | waluwah |
| 197 | near | émmah |
| 198 | far | ddussnnah |
| 199 | right | zammu |
| 200 | left | óttu (óttur = 'wrongly, badly') |
| 201 | at | -(i)ha, -ih |
| 202 | in | -arr ffáyih(a) |
| 203 | with | -tju (nouns), -ínih (clauses) |
| 204 | and | -tju, -tju tnáxa |
| 205 | if | -uxxí |
| 206 | because | -ázz |
| 207 | name | husj |
Psalm 114 in Tíogall
Saħábha 114
- Ar ugairedh Jisráér gil Éigipt, suaradh Jalgóbh gil badhnedh gáth shlodhán;
- saedhaín Jaħúdhá le áthradh ú, Jisráér le fúichnedh ú.
- Ésrín ron fón minn, ag amaltín hú; fulmáín an Jardén ar blíon.
- Bídín na scaimhthe madh zsíograin; na glóna iadha, madh mbioltha.
- Tá naes, ae fón, bhfá n-amaltar? Ae Jardén, bhfá bhfuldar?
- Ae scaimhthe, bhfá mbídes madh zsíograin; ae ghlóna iadha, madh mbioltha?
- Bróg ŋal an Mannar, ae luabh, ŋal Caemadh Jalgóbh,
- Ri bhforsaedhaín rú an óc le pasc, an ŋgorda le sálanadh eanŋ.
Something with Khmer-ish vowels - for Clotricin
m n p t ts tł k ʔ t' ts' tł' k' s ł ʂ h j w l
a ɛ e i ə ɨ ɔ o u + long versions; iə ɨə uə əa əe əo eə oə ei~ai əɨ~aɨ ou~au
Phonotactics: V, CV, CVC, no hiatuses
numbers in the khmer-ish thing 1: yəp 2: tsıə 3: mouš 4: k'uul 5: heə'a 6: 'əwaets 7: miisił 8: tłıpi 9: šəola 10: pəeš
11: pəek'ayəp, 12: pəek'atsiə, ...
20: tsiəpəš, 30: moušwəš, 40: k'uulwəš, 50: heə'apəš, 60: 'əwaetswəš, 70: miisiłwəš, 80: tłıpiwəš, 90: šəolapəš, 100: əımə
Huichaltzah's alien language
p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ s ɬ x h m n ŋ l ʟ w j a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)
Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases
Non-gib ideas
Toneless Polyejectivevietnamese
toneless polysyllabic ejectivevietnamese with around 5 or 6 vowels, and no diphthongs
Vowels: /i~ɨ e~ɘ ɛ~ɜ a ɔ o u/
Consonants: /p pʼ t tʼ ts tsʼ tʂ tʂʼ k kʼ ʔ f s ʂ x h m n ŋ l ɹ j w/
Kaagasa
Medials or finals
m, n, ng, l, r > m, n, ŋ, l, ɦ
b, f, t, s, tz, sch, g, ch > p, f, t, s, s, ʃ, k, h
mpf, nt, ns, nz, nk > mf, nt, nz, ns, nk
lb, lf, lt, ls, lz, lk, lch, lm > jp, jf, jt, jz, js, jk, jh, jm
rb, rf, rt, rs, rz, rk, rch, rm, rn > ab, af, at, az, as, ak, ax, ah, an
ft, st, chs, cht > :t, jt, js, jt
-el, -e, -er > -i, -e, -a
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | ||||||
| Click | plain | ǃ | |||||
| aspirated | ǃʰ | ||||||
| nasalised | ᵑǃ | ||||||
| breathy nasalised | ᶢǃʱ | ||||||
| Nasal | plain | m | n | ŋ | |||
| breathy | mʱ | nʱ | ŋʱ | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | ||||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||||
| breathy | b | d | ɡ | ||||
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ɠ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ɬ | ʃ | x | h |
| breathy | v | z | ɮ | ɣ | ɦ | ||
| Approximant | plain | l | j | ||||
Vowels
lb, lf, lt, ls/lz, lk, lch, lm > /jp, jf, jt, js, jk, jx, jm/
rC > /aC/
-0, -es/-el, -e, -er, -en > -u [ɨ], -i, -e, -a, -o?
au, eu > o:, ø:
Vowel system: /i i: y y: u u: e e: ø ø: o o: a a: ui ei øi oi ai ia ya ua ea øa oa/
Allowed final vowels: /i u e o a/
Bändli
Zulu pseudo-gib
Initials
schm, m > m, mh
schn, n > n, nh
schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh
sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b
st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d
ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq
k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g
r > hh
f, w > f, v
fl, kl, schl > hl
bl, gl > dl
pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/
br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/
j > y
schw > f
z, s, sch > s, z, sh
ent- > prenasalization
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | ||||||
| Click | plain | ǃ | |||||
| aspirated | ǃʰ | ||||||
| nasalised | ᵑǃ | ||||||
| breathy nasalised | ᶢǃʱ | ||||||
| Nasal | plain | m | n | ŋ | |||
| breathy | mʱ | nʱ | ŋʱ | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | ||||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||||
| breathy | b | d | ɡ | ||||
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ɠ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ɬ | ʃ | x | h |
| breathy | v | z | ɮ | ɣ | ɦ | ||
| Approximant | plain | l | j | ||||
Vowels
i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/
Tones
No tone
Roshterian revision
Roshterian uses the following 22 consonants:
| Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Retroflex | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | central | lateral | ||||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n̪/ | ṉ /ɳ/ | [ŋ] | [ɴ] | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p /p/ | t /t̪/ | ṯ /ʈ/ | c /k/ | q /q/ | |||
| voiced | b /b/ | d /d̪/ | ḏ /ɖ/ | g /g/ | |||||
| Continuant | voiceless | f /f/ | s /s̪/ | s̱ /ʂ/ | h /h/ | ||||
| voiced | v /v/ | r /ɾ/ | l /l̪/ | ṟ /ɻ/ | ḻ /ɭ/ | ḡ /ʁ/ | |||
- kw, gw > p, b
- gl-, gr- > l, r
- θ, δ, t, d > t, d, ʈ, ɖ (with many exceptions)
- *ā > ia (*nā > nia 'I'); *ō > ua; *au > oo; *ou > uu; *ū > ii
- *qʷ > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > s̱; *ʁʷ > /ζ/ > ṟ
- ʁʷelinə ("6 parts [of 12]") > ṟelin 'half'
- *nw, tw, dw, sw, θw, lw, rw > ṉ, ṯ, ḏ, s̱, f, ḻ, ṟ /ɳ, ʈ, ɖ, ʂ, f, ɭ, ɻ/
- gʷaθwā > bafi 'neck, throat' ~ Thn. gaθuā 'throat (also language)'
- *sl-, sm-, sn- > ḻ-, m-, ṉ-
- *sɸ-, sr-, sw- > s̱-, ṟ-, s̱-
- *st, sk, skʷ, sq > s-/st, ṯ-/s̱ṯ-, f, q-/s̱q
- stas- > tetsil 'gathering' (~ Thn. Stasnyssōs > Tíogall Stánsa, Clofabosin stannsin 'a holiday')
- skəttā > tyyṯi 'body' ~ Thn. scyttā
- *bastom > bast 'king' ~ Thn. bastom 'head'
- *sb, sd, sg > ṟb, ṟḏ, ṟg
- *nasg- > naṟg '3'
- *φn, tn, φl, tl/dl > /ːn, s-/ts, l, ɖ/
- łnāgin > tiagin 'I believe' ~ Thn. θnāginis
- oφlutsus > oolus 'wave'
- *kt, qt > /jt, ːʈ/
- *tektə > ṯeit /ʈɛit/ 'child'
- *neqtə > neeṯ /neːʈ/ 'cloud'
- *ks, qs > /js, ːʂ/
- *kn, gn, kʷn, gʷn, qn, ql, qr > /jn, jn, :m, :m, :ɳ, :ɻ, :ɻ/ (with **/uj/ > /uː/ )
- sφugnus > s̱uun 'root' ~ Thn. sφugnus
- leqnos > leeṉ 'river' ~ Thn. leānos?
- qrīdis > ṟiid 'knife' ~ Thn. ȝrīdis 'edge'
- gʷnūnum > miin 'scar' ~ Thn. gnūnum 'scar', Tíogall gnúinte 'scar'
- *φj, tj, kj, qj > pt s s-/t ḡ
- *j-, s- > h-
- *φ- > ∅-
- Initial short vowels drop
- *skj, stj > t-/st, s-/ːs
- final short vowels lost; final -m, -r, -s, -t lost; final long vowels shorten (ia, ua > i, u)
- i-affection: The following changes affect V1 in sequences of the form V1 + consonant cluster + ultimate (*i/*ī/*j) unless the consonant cluster after V1 contains a retroflex consonant.
- a > e
- e > i
- Stress shifts to final
- Some combining forms and combined forms are altered due to the stress shift - conjunct forms for verbs arise when there is an antepenultimate syllable
Nurotransmitter
Clofabic-influenced (some depalatalization), dialects: Dopamine, Acetylcholine
Nurungji
Nurian relative with a Korean touch
| Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Velar | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hard | soft | hard | soft | soft | hard | ||||
| Nasal | voiceless | mh m̊ˠ | mhi m̊ʲ | nh n̪̊ˠ | nhi n̊ʲ | nghi ŋ̊ʲ | ngh ŋ̊ | ||
| voiced | m mˠ | mi mʲ | n n̪ˠ | ni nʲ | ngi ŋʲ | ng ŋ | |||
| Stop | plain | b pˠ~bˠ | bi pʲ~bʲ | d t̪ˠ~d̪ˠ | di tʲ~dʲ | ġi tʃ~dʒ | gi kʲ~ɡʲ | g k~ɡ | |
| unaspirated | p pˠ˭ | pi pʲ˭ | t t̪ˠ˭ | ti tʲ˭ | ċi tʃ˭ | ci kʲ˭ | c k˭ | -r, ȝ ʔ | |
| aspirated | ph pˠʰ | phi pʲʰ | th t̪ˠʰ | thi tʲʰ | ċhi tʃʰ | chi kʲʰ | ch kʰ | ||
| Fricative | plain | v fˠ | vi fʲ | θ sˠ | θi sʲ | ħ, h h | |||
| aspirated | f fˠʰ | fi fʲʰ | s sˠʰ | si sʲʰ | |||||
| voiced | ð, z zˠ | ði, zi zʲ | |||||||
| Rhotic | voiceless | rh, rhi ʂ | |||||||
| voiced | r ɻ | ri ʐ | |||||||
| Lateral | voiceless | lh l̥ˠ | lhi l̥ʲ | ||||||
| voiced | l lˠ | li lʲ | |||||||
| Approximant | j j | ||||||||
Nural Network (Nuro-Thai)
Native name: þóngsáràkhòpfáa
Close relative of Nurian inspired by Sanskrito-Thai (influenced by Neck Thai?)
Numbers: jaam/jaaMi-, tiSuan/tiSua-, Nat/Natcha-, Thôp/Thôba-, Sulit/Sulita-, Thaam/ThaaMi-, Ruat/Ruata-, Lurat/Luratha-, Phap/Phapa-, Huan/HuaRa-, yaajam/yaajaMa-, nyaat/nyaasa-...
Vowels:
a i u e o aa ee oo ê ô ae or ia ua /a i u e o aː iː uː eː oː ɛː ɔː iə uə/
Consonants:
| Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Velar | Radical | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hard | soft | hard | soft | soft | hard | |||||
| Nasal | M mˠ | m m | N n̪ˠ | n n | ny ŋʲ | ng ŋ | ||||
| Stop | tenuis | P pˠ | p p | T t̪ˠ | t t | j tʃ | ky kʲ | k k | ||
| aspirated | Ph pˠʰ | ph pʰ | Th t̪ˠʰ | th tʰ | ch tʃʰ | khy kʲʰ | kh kʰ | |||
| Fricative | F fˠ | f f | S sˠ | s s | H ħ | h h | ||||
| Trill | R rˠ | r rʲ | ||||||||
| Lateral | L lˠ | l l | ||||||||
| Approximant | w w | v v | y j | 3 ʕ | ||||||
Tones: high, low?
Gebocham
- Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ < a/ae ē/i ī ā/o/au e ō/u/y ū/ȳ
- Vowel harmony groups:
- high tense: i ʉ
- high lax: ɪ ʊ
- low: æ ʌ
- ə is neutral
Äŋguk.mäi
Äŋguk.mäi /æŋguŋmæj/ is a hypothetical future descendant of modern Korean.
Bolõn iŋgän.õn þeanäi tte.vuþa cäjurop.ko kõ conam.vä kalli.jeßa toŋlõŋ.älä. Iŋgän.õn sanbu.zaõro ihaŋvä jäŋhimõ puja.väläß.ko haro jaŋzee.e caŋhin.õro eŋloŋ.ejändä.
1sg: na > dä
2sg: neo/ni > di
Russo-Salish
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Velar | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hard | soft | hard | soft | soft | hard | ||||
| Nasal | glottalized | n̪ʼ | nʲʼ | ŋʲʼ | ŋʼ | ||||
| plain | m | mʲ | n̪ | nʲ | ŋʲ | ŋ | |||
| Stop | plain | t̪ | tʲ | kʲ | k | ʔ | |||
| ejective | t̪ʼ | tʲʼ | kʲʼ | kʼ | |||||
| voiced | b | bʲ | d̪ | dʲ | |||||
| Affricate | plain | ts | tsʲ | tʂ | |||||
| ejective | tsʼ | tsʲʼ | tʂʼ | ||||||
| voiced | dz | dzʲ | dʐ | ||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | fʲ | s | sʲ | ʂ | xʲ | x | h |
| voiced | v | vʲ | z | zʲ | ʐ | ɣʲ | ɣ | ||
| Approximant | glottalized | lˠʼ | lʲʼ | jʼ | |||||
| plain | lˠ | lʲ | j | ||||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | ə | ||
| Open | a |
Sister of Naquian
- PNaq ś ǵʰ > θ ð (sometimes t d)
- s > ɟ > j (initial, before a vowel)
Salish + Old Chinese
m n ŋ ŋʷ mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) a e i o u ə
Wiebosphere auxlang
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||||
| Plosive | plain | p /p/ | t /t/ | j /tɕ/ | k /k/ | ||
| aspirated | ph /pʰ/ | th /tʰ/ | ch /tɕʰ/ | kh /kʰ/ | |||
| implosive | b /b/ | d /d/ | |||||
| Fricative | s /s/ | h /h/ | |||||
| Approximant | w /w/ | l /l/ | y /j/ | ||||
| Liquid | r /r/ | ||||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i /i/ | ee /iː/ | ue /ʉː/ | u /u/ | oo /uː/ | |
| Close-mid | e /e/ | ê /eː/ | oe /ɵː/ | o /o/ | ô /oː/ | |
| Open-mid | ae /ɛː/ | or /ɔː/ | ||||
| Open | a /ɐ/ | aa /aː/ | ||||
CW language sketch
m n p t ts k q b d dz g s h ʀ w l r j
i u e o æ a
Wiebosphere auxlang?
Consonants
| Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | |||
| Plosive | unaspirated | b /p/ | d /t/ | j /tɕ/ | g /k/ | |
| aspirated | p /pʰ/ | t /tʰ/ | ch /tɕʰ/ | k /kʰ/ | ||
| Fricative | f /f/ | s /s/ | sh /ɕ/ | kh /x/ | h /h/ | |
| Approximant | w /w~v/ | l /l/; r /r/ | y /j/ | |||
| Trill | r /r/ | |||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ | u /u/ | |
| Mid | e /e/ | ə /ø~ə~ɤ/ | o /o/ |
| Open | a /a/ |
Diphthongs: ai ao /ai au/
Phonotactics
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.
Lushootseed to Clofab
sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi talbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil xʷidzoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!
Σȣομʚ
Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.
Comic Sanskrit/English
Consonants: p ph b bh t th d dh k kh g gh ts tsh dz dzh tł tłh dλ dλh c ch j jh q qh G Gh m n ng l f s ł š h
Vowels: a i u aʵ iʵ uʵ aː eː iː oː uː aːʵ eːʵ iːʵ oːʵ uːʵ ai au (the "I dunno" diphthong) ⟨a i u ạ ị ụ ā ē ī ō ū ạ̄ ẹ̄ ị̄ ọ̄ ụ̄ æ å æ̣⟩
Clickgerman ideas
Inspired by "Kxǂ’auǁʼein", Old Irish and Ancient Wiebian
Primitive Clickgerman
for proto-s-wiebic: what about a GVS (əy > ii > ay > əə > aa > ee and əw > uu > au > oo) in open syllables and another vowel shift (ii ee ay əy)(uu oo aw əw) in closed syllables? iw > iə and uy > uə as i had before
1. sīdzu
2. kli
3. sqā
4. mēfi
5. pə̄ku
6. hə̄tλhi
7. dẓətā
8. baŋudh
9. dzōn
10. qhāḍī
11. gādziə
12. dziə
| Labial | Denti-alveolar | Lateral | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | plain | m m | n n | ṇ ɳ | ŋ ŋ | ||||
| breathy voiced | mh mʱ | nh nʱ | ṇh ɳʱ | ŋh ŋʱ | |||||
| Stop | tenuis | p p | t t | ṭ ʈ | c c | k k | q q | ||
| aspirated | ph pʰ | th tʰ | ṭh ʈʰ | ch cʰ | kh kʰ | qh qʰ | |||
| voiced | b b | d d | ḍ ɖ | j ɟ | g g | ɢ ɢ | |||
| breathy voiced | bh bʱ | dh dʱ | ḍh ɖʱ | jh ɟʰ | gh gʱ | ɢh ɢʱ | |||
| Affricate | tenuis | ts ts | tσ tɬ | tṣ tʂ | |||||
| aspirated | tsh tsʰ | tσh tɬʰ | tṣh tʂʰ | ||||||
| voiced | dz dz | dλ dɮ | dẓ dʐ | ||||||
| breathy voiced | dzh dzʱ | dλh dɮʱ | dẓh dʐʱ | ||||||
| Fricative | plain | f f | s s | σ ɬ | ṣ ʂ | ç ç | h h | ||
| aspirated | fh fʰ | sh sʰ | σh ɬʰ | ṣh ʂʰ | çh çʰ | ||||
| Resonants | plain | l l | ḷ ɭ | y j | |||||
| breathy voiced | lh lʱ | ḷh ɭʱ | |||||||
Vowels: i u ə a i: u: e: ə: o: a: iə uə əj aj əw aw ⟨i u ə a ī ū ē ə̄ ō ā iə uə əi ai əu au⟩
Stress: consistently initial, including prefixes
Syncope+umlaut
baŋudh > boŋdh
Clickogenesis
boŋdh > boŋg!ʱ
Umlaut
Old Clickgerman
Old Irishy
Ubykhization
boŋg!ʱ > boŋg!ʱə > bʷaŋg!ʱə
pʷ > p
Something like GVS
i: u: > ai au
iə uə > i: u:
Modern Clickgerman
Vowels: /a i u aː iː uː ai au ə/ ⟨a i u ah ie uh ei au e⟩ - wide-ranging allophony depending on accent/dialect
- [æ e o ɑ i u ɛ ɔ]
- [a i u ɔ ei ou ai au]
Qe!
Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.
CRU-Esperanto
t̂ d̂ n̂ l̂ k̂ r̂ q q̂ = /ʈ ɖ ɳ ɭ q ɢ ! g!/
Pristac Guanorliviroc
Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Finno-Arabic
/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/
Irish with pharyngealized consonants
/a/: a ea ae eae /e/: oeu eu oe e /i/: ai ia aia i /o/: o uo uea ue /u/: aua ua au u
p pʼ pʲ pʲʼ t tʼ tʲ tʲʼ ts tsʼ tsʲ tsʲʼ tʃ tʃʼ tʃʲ tʃʲʼ c cʼ k kʼ ʔ ʔʲ s sʲ ʃ ʃʲ ç x h v vʲ lˠ lʲ r rʲ j i i̤ u ṳ e e̤ ə ə̤ o o̤ a a̤ iə i̤ə uə ṳə
Hebrew alphabet for Irish
ב כ ד ף ג ה ל מ פ ר ס ת = native consonants
rafe at the beginning, lack of dagesh elsewhere = séimhiú
iluy = eclipsis?
vowel signs: patach = a, hard schwa patach aleph = á yud patach aleph = eá aleph tzere yud = ae segol = ea, ei, soft schwa tzere = é shva (optional) = zero vowel hiriq = i aleph yud = aí, aoi, ao hiriq yud = í hiriq aleph = ia qamatz = o holam = ó yud holam = eo qubbutz = u shuruq = ú yud shuruq = iú qubbutz aleph = ua
Word-final schwa accompanied by a mater lectionis he. Word-final he is marked with a mappiq for word-final /h/.
Uncanny valley Korean
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.
Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/
"Lovecraftian/LW" microtonality
- reaction to natural forces/New Atheist gods... with microtonality!
- Maybe this is the equivalent of Baroque music in Tigall culture, who knows?
Proto-Eomujic
- ä, a, e, o
- eu, i <- syllabic resonants
- p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
- s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
- m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h
Gleb phonologies
SEA-esque
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h l̻ j w
i iː ɨ ɨː u uː e eː ɘ ɘː o oː ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː a aː
Indic-esque
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h r ɽ j i u ɪ ʊ ɑ
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/
Pseudo-Polynesian
m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Gleb seed 1516956979
Liquidless pseudo-French
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Gleb seed 1601724777
A nice one
m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/
Gleb seed 1364524938
vaguely Clofab
consonants:
m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
vowels:
a e i o u
syllable structure: (C)V
Gleb seed 1390372573
Liquidless phonology
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x
a e ɛ i o ɔ u
(C)V(N)
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/
Gleb seed 1408165181
A Damin
- Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
- Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
- Affricates: tθ ʡħ
- Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
- Clicks: ʞ
- Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
- vowels: y ɤ æ
Blablabla
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriede
Die Breige hüben friene Grauscher,
in siefe ausgepferzte dauscher;
Säder brinnt zer einem Wist,
Fagel hirzen leine drisst.
Beđehn' die dir in Ŧimst entfeißet,
gim itzo Feuche haben,
und Meden brassen was mich sŧeißet,
Đechse vorzuschraben.
Wenngleich das Werg in Krafe seucht,
mieŧ' ich wie Sprame gürfen;
Denn mich bekriest die weistlich' Dreucht,
die mich in Reune stürfen.
Mein Günden heigt im färz'gen Harbe;
was mich zur gracken Fasen funget.
Feisen Ŧickmasionen ŧarbe,
neifen sie herch hinbrunget.
Was Zühlen erkeifet, bacht heinaden Gnad';
Mein' Kründ'rung erbrauget und diro getrat.
Die Juchtlingen pfriechender Häumen zu henken,
Verschwilligereien, die itzund uns brenken.
Wir reftmunschig braußen,
mit zärbenden Faußen,
Ermeie uns, wenn unser' Berze dir schmannt!