User:Praimhín/Rõktiap
Rõktiap is a classical language of Rulak, with a rich tradition of literature, science and philosophy.
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Rõktiap uses a syllabic alphabet called Rõktiapma Rõethar [r̝ɤktʰi̯ɒpmɒ r̝ɤɜthɒr̝̥], which resembles Hangul.
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | voiceless aspirated | p /pʰ/ | t /tʰ/ | k /kʰ/ | ĸ /qʰ/ | q /ʔ/ |
| voiceless unaspirated | pp /p/ | tt /t/ | kk /k/ | ĸĸ /q/ | ||
| voiced | b /b/ | d /d/ | g /ɡ/ | ɢ /ɢ/ | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | s /s/ | ʜ /χ/ | h /h/ | ||
| voiced | z /z/ | ȝ /ʁ/ | ||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ng /ŋ/ | |||
| Lateral | l /l/ | |||||
| Fricative trill | r /r̝/ | |||||
Nasals and liquids are devoiced in syllable codas. For example nool (wave) is pronounced [no:ɬ], and ᴋᴋurs (shoulders) is pronounced [qur̝̥s] or [qur̝̥ɕ].
Vowels
| Front | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Unrounded | Rounded | ||
| High | i /i/ | u /u/ | |
| Mid | e /e/ | õ /ɤ/ | o /o/ |
| Low | ä /æ/ | a /ɒ/ | |
Prosody
Stress
The first syllable of a multisyllabic word is pronounced at a slightly higher pitch, on a falling tone.
Intonation
Phonotactics
The syllable structure of Rõktiap is (C)(l/r)V(V)(C)(s).
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns inflect for case and number. There are two numbers, the singular, which is unmarked, and the plural, which uses the suffix -i for nouns ending in s and -s otherwise. For example:
- qiim (flower), qiims (flowers)
- ᴋol (language), ᴋols (languages)
- ʜeik (shark), ʜeiks (sharks)
- lias (mound), liasi (mounds)
- ttões (beaver), ttõesi (beavers)
Syntax
Constituent order
Rõktiap is almost completely head-final, except for complementizer phrases, such as those using the word lo (whether, interrogative marker) and met (if), which are head-initial.