Valthungian: Difference between revisions

|colspan=9| <small>Nouns with roots ending in a syllabic sonorant (i.e. an obstruent followed by a sonorant consonant) have a slightly different paradigm. There is an epenthetic /a/ in the nominative and accusative singular, and lack of metathesis in the dative and accusative plural.</small>

|colspan=9| <small>This category deals with three different types of changes, but because the results are the same, I’ve combined them here. In all of these examples, the final /s/ is deleted (or assimilated) from the nominative.  In the first example, this is the result of a cluster simplification rule (sps, sts, sks, fts → sp, st, sk, ft, respectively). The second is the same, but a later change also caused the cluster /sk/ to shift to /š/ in certain environments. The last two examples are the result of much early (pre-Gothic) assimilation of /s/. In Gothic, this only applied to certain short syllables, but it became universal by the time of Gutish.</small>

|align="right" rowspan=4 valign="top"|  ''Voicing Alternation:'' ||align="center"| þlǣ<span style="color:red">f</span>'''s'''||align="center"| þlǣv'''is''' ||align="center"| þlǣv'''a''' ||align="center"| þlǣ<span style="color:red">f</span> ||align="center"| þlǣv'''as''' ||align="center"| þlǣv'''a''' ||align="center"| þlǣv'''ma''' ||align="center"| þlǣv'''nas''' || ''‘bread’''

|colspan=9| <small>In the Voicing Alternation category, the final consonant of nouns in the nominative and accusative singular are devoiced.  This is a rule inherited from Gothic times, but it has changed slightly in application. Note that in the last example, the s of the nominative singular is also assimilated as per the rules of root-final s in Clusters (above) This now also applies to nouns in -f# and -þ# which go through a post-Gothic voicing rather than a pre-Gothic devoicing.</small>

| &nbsp;||colspan=8| <small>This is the default declension of the a-stem paradigm. Note the metathesis in the endings on the dative and accusative plural. The variations for this class of nouns are similar to those of the masculine, though not as plentiful.</small>

|colspan=9| <small>In the Voicing Alternation category, the final consonant of nouns in the nominative and accusative singular are devoiced.  This is a rule inherited from Gothic times, but now also applies to neuter nouns in -f# and -þ# which go through a post-Gothic voicing rather than a pre-Gothic devoicing.</small>

The simplest noun class by far is the strong feminine ō-stem.  There are mercifully '''no''' variations.