Verse:Lõis/Qivattutannguaq: Difference between revisions

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Verse:Lõis/Qivattutannguaq (view source)

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Qivattutannguaq is a result of Indo-European being influenced by Inuit languages. It was spoken in Qivattulunnun, which is located in our Great Britain.
Qivattutannguaq is a result of Indo-European being influenced by Inuit languages. It was spoken in Qivattulunnun, which is located in our Great Britain.


It was divided into two registers, the high register Qunngartutannguaq ("perfected language") and the vernacular Prisinitutannguaq ("natural language").
It was divided into two registers, the high register Qunngartutannguaq ("perfected language") and the Estonian-like vernacular Prisinitutannguaq ("natural language").


*siiman = seed (related to German Keim)
*siiman = seed (related to German Keim)
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''Kiiwuq piksuq wutarit naaksit.'' = The living fish swims in the water.
''Kiiwuq piksuq wutarit naaksit.'' = The living fish swims in the water.
==Todo==
Include some sound change laws conditioned by PIE glottalization?


==Names==
==Names==
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Vowels: i u a ii uu ee aa ai au iu ui
Vowels: i u a ii uu ee aa ai au iu ui


Consonants: p v t d s z k g q m n ng l r j v /p v t ð~d s z k ɣ~g χ m n ŋ l r j w/
Consonants: p v t d s z k g q m n ng l r j w wh /p v t ð~d s z k ɣ~g χ m n ŋ l r j w ʍ/


Voiceless stops are unaspirated.
Voiceless stops are unaspirated.
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**''Suwaa iwiti walkun.'' = The dog saw a wolf.
**''Suwaa iwiti walkun.'' = The dog saw a wolf.
**''Suwaa neen iwiti walkaa.'' = The dog did not see a wolf.
**''Suwaa neen iwiti walkaa.'' = The dog did not see a wolf.
*Static locations take the locative. A preposition such as ''in'' or ''at'' is not necessary.
*Static locations take the locative. A preposition such as ''in'' or ''at'' can be used but is not necessary.
*Destinations for prepositions indicating destination like ''in'' 'into', ''at'' 'at' or ''ipi'' 'onto' take the accusative.
*Destinations for prepositions indicating destination like ''in'' 'into', ''at'' 'at' or ''ipi'' 'onto' take the accusative.
*"from a location" generally just takes the ablative, but some contexts require the preposition ''ut''. (such as from a place that is city-sized or larger: ''ut vukaat'' 'from the city', but ''taamiat'' 'from the house')
*"from a location" generally just takes the ablative, but some contexts require the preposition ''ut''. (such as from a place that is city-sized or larger: ''ut vukaat'' 'from the city', but ''taamiat'' 'from the house')
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====o-stems====
====o-stems====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
|+ ''falkuς'' 'wolf' (< {{recon|wĺ̥kʷos}}; underwent taboo deformation)
|+ ''valkuq'' 'wolf' (< {{recon|wĺ̥kʷos}}; underwent taboo deformation)
|-
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
|-
!|Nominative
!|Nominative
|''falkuς''||''falkāς''
|''valkuq''||''valkaaq''
|-
|-
!|Genitive
!|Genitive
|''falkā''||''falkūn''
|''valkaa''||''valkuun''
|-
|-
!|Dative
!|Dative
|''falkai''||''falkafuς''
|''valkai''||''valkavuq''
|-
|-
!|Accusative
!|Accusative
|''falkun'' ||''falkūς''
|''valkun'' ||''valkuuq''
|-
|-
!|Ablative
!|Ablative
|''falkiat'' ||''falkafuς''
|''valkiat'' ||''valkavuq''
|-
|-
!|Locative
!|Locative
|''falkiat'' ||''falkafi''
|''valkiat'' ||''valkavi''
|-
|-
!|Vocative
!|Vocative
|''falki!'' ||''falkāς!''
|''valki!'' ||''valkaaq!''
|}
|}




{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
|+ ''virdun'' 'word' (< {{recon|werdʰh₁om}})
|+ ''wirdun'' 'word' (< {{recon|werdʰh₁om}})
|-
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
|-
!|Nominative
!|Nominative
|''virdun''||''virdā''
|''wirdun''||''wirdaa''
|-
|-
!|Genitive
!|Genitive
|''virdā''||''virdūn''
|''wirdaa''||''wirduun''
|-
|-
!|Dative
!|Dative
|''virdai''||''virdafuς''
|''wirdai''||''wirdavuq''
|-
|-
!|Accusative
!|Accusative
|''virdun'' ||''virdā''
|''wirdun'' ||''wirdaa''
|-
|-
!|Ablative
!|Ablative
|''virdiat'' ||''virdafuς''
|''wirdiat'' ||''wirdavuq''
|-
|-
!|Locative
!|Locative
|''virdiat'' ||''virdafi''
|''wirdiat'' ||''wirdavi''
|-
|-
!|Vocative
!|Vocative
|''virdi!'' ||''virdā!''
|''wirdi!'' ||''wirdaa!''
|}
|}


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====i-stems====
====i-stems====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
|+ ''iγniς'' 'fire'
|+ ''ingniq'' 'fire'
|-
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
|-
!|Nominative
!|Nominative
|''iγniς''||''iγnīς''
|''ingniq''||''ingniiq''
|-
|-
!|Genitive
!|Genitive
|''iγnīς''||''iγnūn, iγnijūn''
|''ingniiq''||''ingnuun''
|-
|-
!|Dative
!|Dative
|''iγnī''||''iγnifuς''
|''ingnii''||''ingnivuq''
|-
|-
!|Accusative
!|Accusative
|''iγnin'' ||''iγnīς''
|''ingnin'' ||''ingniiq''
|-
|-
!|Ablative
!|Ablative
|''iγnit'' ||''iγnifuς''
|''ingnit'' ||''ingnivuq''
|-
|-
!|Locative
!|Locative
|''iγnit'' ||''iγnifi''
|''ingnit'' ||''ingnivi''
|-
|-
!|Vocative
!|Vocative
|''iγni!'' ||''iγnīq!''
|''ingni!'' ||''ingniiq!''
|}
|}
Also: ''tēpputiς'' 'master'.
Also: ''teepputiq'' 'master'.


Neuter i-stems:
Neuter i-stems:
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|-
|-
!|Genitive
!|Genitive
|''anurīς''||''anurūn, anurijūn''
|''anuriiq''||''anurijuun''
|-
|-
!|Dative
!|Dative
|''anurī''||''anurifuς''
|''anurii''||''anurivuq''
|-
|-
!|Accusative
!|Accusative
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|-
|-
!|Ablative
!|Ablative
|''anurit'' ||''anurifuς''
|''anurit'' ||''anurivuq''
|-
|-
!|Locative
!|Locative
|''anurit'' ||''anurifi''
|''anurit'' ||''anurivi''
|-
|-
!|Vocative
!|Vocative
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Adjectives fall into three main declensions: -uq adjectives (~ Latin 1st declension adjectives), -iq adjectives (~ Latin 3rd declension adjectives), and -aq adjectives (containing verb participles).
Adjectives fall into three main declensions: -uq adjectives (~ Latin 1st declension adjectives), -iq adjectives (~ Latin 3rd declension adjectives), and -aq adjectives (containing verb participles).
===-uq adjectives===
===-uq adjectives===
-yós > -juq? -Cuq?
*nom: -uq, -aa, -un, pl. -aaq, -aaq, -aa
*nom: -uq, -aa, -un, pl. -aaq, -aaq, -aa


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Some verbs in this class:
Some verbs in this class:
*''vilsit, ivalsi'' = shines
*''vilsit, ivalsi'' = shines
*''vindit, ivandi'' = binds
*''vinnit, ivanni'' = binds
*''siuqit, isuqi'' = tries
*''siuqit, isuqi'' = tries


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! Person !! Active !! Passive
! Person !! Active !! Passive
|-
|-
| 1SG || ''vindaa'' || ''vindaar''
| 1SG || ''vinnaa'' || ''vinnaar''
|-
|-
| 2SG || ''vindiq'' || ''vinditar''
| 2SG || ''vinniq'' || ''vinnitar''
|-
|-
| 3SG || ''vindit'' || ''vinditur''
| 3SG || ''vinnit'' || ''vinnitur''
|-
|-
| 1PL || ''vindumaq'' || ''vindumaqti''
| 1PL || ''vinnumaq'' || ''vinnumaqti''
|-
|-
| 2PL || ''vinditi'' || ''vinditau''
| 2PL || ''vinniti'' || ''vinnitau''
|-
|-
| 3PL || ''vinduut'' || ''vinduttur''
| 3PL || ''vinnuut'' || ''vinnuttur''
|-  
|-  
! colspan="3" | Past
! colspan="3" | Past
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! Person !! Active !! Passive
! Person !! Active !! Passive
|-
|-
| 1SG || ''ivanda'' || ''ivandar''
| 1SG || ''ivanna'' || ''ivannar''
|-
|-
| 2SG || ''ivanta'' || ''ivantar''
| 2SG || ''ivanta'' || ''ivantar''
|-
|-
| 3SG || ''ivandi'' || ''ivandur''
| 3SG || ''ivanni'' || ''ivannur''
|-
|-
| 1PL || ''ivandami'' || ''ivandamaqti''
| 1PL || ''ivannami'' || ''ivannamaqti''
|-
|-
| 2PL || ''ivandati'' || ''ivandatau''
| 2PL || ''ivannati'' || ''ivannatau''
|-
|-
| 3PL || ''ivandeer'' || ''ivandeerur''
| 3PL || ''ivanneer'' || ''ivanneerur''
|-  
|-  
! colspan="3" | Optative
! colspan="3" | Optative
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! Person !! Active !! Passive
! Person !! Active !! Passive
|-
|-
| 1SG || ''vindaimi'' || ''vindajaar''
| 1SG || ''vinnaimi'' || ''vinnajaar''
|-
|-
| 2SG || ''vindaiq'' || ''vindaitar''
| 2SG || ''vinnaiq'' || ''vinnaitar''
|-
|-
| 3SG || ''vindait'' || ''vindaitur''
| 3SG || ''vinnait'' || ''vinnaitur''
|-
|-
| 1PL || ''vindaimaq'' || ''vindaimaqti''
| 1PL || ''vinnaimaq'' || ''vinnaimaqti''
|-
|-
| 2PL || ''vindaiti'' || ''vindaitau''
| 2PL || ''vinnaiti'' || ''vinnaitau''
|-
|-
| 3PL || ''vindajuut'' || ''vindajuttur''
| 3PL || ''vinnajuut'' || ''vinnajuttur''
|-  
|-  
! colspan="3" | Imperative
! colspan="3" | Imperative
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! Person !! Active !! Passive
! Person !! Active !! Passive
|-
|-
| 2SG || ''vindi!'' || ''vindiqi!''
| 2SG || ''vinni!'' || ''vinniqi!''
|-
|-
| 3SG || ''vinditaa!'' || ''vinditaar!''
| 3SG || ''vinnitaa!'' || ''vinnitaar!''
|-
|-
| 2PL || ''vinditi!'' || ''vinditau!''
| 2PL || ''vinniti!'' || ''vinnitau!''
|-
|-
| 3PL || ''vinduttaa!'' || ''vinduttaar!''
| 3PL || ''vinnuttaa!'' || ''vinnuttaar!''
|-  
|-  
! colspan="3" | Participles
! colspan="3" | Participles
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! Tense !! Active !! Passive
! Tense !! Active !! Passive
|-
|-
| Present || ''vindattaq'' || ''vindumuq''
| Present || ''vinnattaq'' || ''vinnumuq''
|-
|-
| Past || ''vandawuq'' || ''vantuq''
| Past || ''vannawuq'' || ''vantuq''
|}
|}


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==Numerals==
==Numerals==
*zero: nuilluq (m.), nuillaa (f.), nuillun (n.)
*I: ainuq (m.), ainaa (f.), ainun (n.)
*I: ainuq (m.), ainaa (f.), ainun (n.)
*II: tuwaa (m. and n.), tuwai (f.)
*II: tuwai (animate), tuwaa (inanimate)
*III: triiq (m. and f.), tria (n.)
*III: triiq (animate), tria (inanimate)
*IIII: kituariq (m. and f.), kituara (n.)
*IIII: kituariq (animate), kituara (inanimate)
*Λ. pikkiq
*Λ. pikkiq
*ΛΙ: whiq
*ΛΙ: whiiq
*ΛΙΙ: qiptun
*ΛΙΙ: qiptun
*ΛΙΙΙ: astaa
*ΛΙΙΙ: astaa
*ΛIIII: niwun
*ΛIIII: niwun
*Χ: tisun
*Χ: tisun
*XI: ainuqupirtisun
*XII: tuuqupirtisun
*XIII: triiqupirtisun
*XIIII: kituarqupirtisun
*XΛ: pikkiqupirtisun
*XΛI: whiiqupirtisun
*XΛII: qiptuqupirtisun
*XΛIII: astaqupirtisun
*XΛIIII: niwuqupirtisun
*XX: tuiqtisun
*XXX: tirtisun
*XXXX: kituartisun
*D: pikkitisun
*D: pikkitisun
*DX: whiiqtisun
*DXX: qiptuttisun
*DXXX: astaatisun
*DXXXX: niwuttisun
*O: sattun
*O: sattun
*Q: pikkisattun
*Q: pikkisattun
*(1000): tuqsattun
*M: tuqsattun
*Ī (10000): zilliun
*Ī (10000): zilliun
*Ī̄ (1,0000,0000): tussilliun
*Ī̄ (1,0000,0000): tussilliun


Numerals percede nouns. As in Baltic and Slavic languages different numerals require different cases for the noun:
Numerals percede nouns. Numbers above 1 take the genitive (partitive) singular.
*If the number's last digit is 1, the singular form is used, but case is unaffected.
*If the number's last digit is 2, and the noun phrase is in the nominative or accusative, masculine and neuter nouns use the ''genitive'' singular, but feminine nouns use the ''dative'' singular.
*If the number's last digit is 3 or 4, the genitive plural is used.
*Otherwise, the plural form is used as usual, with case unaffected.
===Declension===
===Declension===
''ainuq'' declines as a singular ''-uq'' adjective; numbers ending in 5-9 or 10 are indeclinable.
''ainuq'' declines as a singular ''-uq'' adjective. ''pikkiq'' and ''whiiq'' decline like -iq adjectives, and ''qiptun'', ''astaa'', ''nivun'' and ''tisun'' decline like neuter nouns.
====''tuwaa''====
====''tuwaa''====
*nom./acc./voc. ''tuwaa'' (m.), ''tuwai'' (f.)
*nom./acc./voc. ''tuwaa'' (inanimate), ''tuwai'' (animate)
*gen. ''tuun''
*gen. ''tuwuun, tuun''
*dat./abl./loc. ''tuwaavun'' (m.) ''tuwaivun'' (f.)
*dat./abl. ''tuwaavuq'' (inanimate), ''tuwaivuq'' (animate)
*loc. ''tuwaavi'' (inanimate), ''tuwaivi'' (animate)


====''triiq''====
====''tria''====
*nom./acc./voc. ''triiq'' (m., f.), ''tria'' (n.)
*nom./acc./voc. ''triiq'' (animate), ''tria'' (inanimate)
*gen. ''trijuun''
*gen. ''trijuun''
*dat./abl. ''triivuq''
*dat./abl. ''triivuq''
*loc. ''triivi''
*loc. ''triivi''


====''kituariq''====
====''kituara''====
*nom./acc./voc. ''kituariq'' (m., f.), ''kituara'' (n.)
*nom./acc./voc. ''kituariq'' (animate), ''kituara'' (inanimate)
*gen. ''kituaruun''
*gen. ''kituaruun''
*dat./abl. ''kituaravuq''
*dat./abl. ''kituaravuq''
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*Verb prefixes: ''in-'', ''at-'', ''attir-'', ''pi-'', ''su-'', ''san-'', ''ik(s)-'', ''pir-'', ''qupir-'', ''quu-'', ...
*Verb prefixes: ''in-'', ''at-'', ''attir-'', ''pi-'', ''su-'', ''san-'', ''ik(s)-'', ''pir-'', ''qupir-'', ''quu-'', ...
**Ex. from ''wiitit'' 'he sees': ''ikwiitit'' 'he identifies, he susses out', ''atwiitit'' 'he looks at', ''attirwiitit'' 'he agrees', ''suwiitit'' 'he sees to it (that)'
**Ex. from ''wiitit'' 'he sees': ''ikwiitit'' 'he identifies, he susses out', ''atwiitit'' 'he looks at', ''attirwiitit'' 'he agrees', ''suwiitit'' 'he sees to it (that)'
*''-taar'' = agent
*''-inuq'' = agent
*''-inia'' (from *-nih2) = feminine
*''-inia'' (from *-nih2) = feminine agent
**''reezinia'' = queen, from ''reezaq'' king
*''-allun'' (from *-tlóm) = instrument
*''-allun'' (from *-tlóm) = instrument


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