Contionary:werthen

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Skundavisk

Etymology

From Middle Skundavisk verthen, verþen, from Old Skundavisk verþan, from Halmisk ᚹᛖᚱᚦᚨᚾ (werþan), from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /wɛɐθɘn/

Verb

werthen (irregular, third-person singular simple present wirt, past tense worde, past participle geworden , past subjunctive wyrde, auxiliary wesen)

  1. to become
    Lijf is swår geworden.
    Life has become difficult.

Inflection

infinitive werthen
present participle werthend
past participle geworden
auxiliary wesen
indicative subjunctive
present ik werthe wi werthen ik werthe wi werthen
thou wirst ji werthet thou werthest ji werthet
hi, si, hit wirt si, Si werthen hi, si, hit werthe si, Si werthen
preterit ik worde wi worden ik wyrde wi wyrden
thou wordest ji wordet thou wyrdest ji wyrdet
hi, si, hit worde si, Si worden hi, si, hit wyrde si, Si wyrden
imperative werth werthet (ji)

Usage notes

  • Originally a class 3 strong verb, it diverged from the regular pattern first by shifting the /θ/ sound of its past participle root to a /d/ sound during the Old Skundavisk period, and then by replacing the regular past tense root warth by worde around the 17th century. It is now classified as an irregular verb.
  • Most dialects use it as a passive auxiliary instead of the typically Kijlisk beun.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms