Contionary:werthen

Skundavisk

Etymology

From Middle Skundavisk verthen, verþen, from Old Skundavisk verþan, from Halmisk ᚹᛖᚱᚦᚨᚾ (werþan), from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /wɛɐθɘn/

Verb

werthen (irregular, third-person singular simple present wirt, past tense worde, past participle geworden , past subjunctive wyrde, auxiliary wesen)

1. to become

   Lijf is swår geworden.

   Life has become difficult.

Inflection

infinitive		werthen
present participle		werthend
past participle		geworden
auxiliary		wesen
	indicative		subjunctive
present	ik werthe	wi werthen	ik werthe	wi werthen
	thou wirst	ji werthet	thou werthest	ji werthet
	hi, si, hit wirt	si, Si werthen	hi, si, hit werthe	si, Si werthen
preterit	ik worde	wi worden	ik wyrde	wi wyrden
	thou wordest	ji wordet	thou wyrdest	ji wyrdet
	hi, si, hit worde	si, Si worden	hi, si, hit wyrde	si, Si wyrden
imperative	werth	werthet (ji)

Usage notes

• Originally a class 3 strong verb, it diverged from the regular pattern first by shifting the /θ/ sound of its past participle root to a /d/ sound during the Old Skundavisk period, and then by replacing the regular past tense root warth by worde around the 17th century. It is now classified as an irregular verb.
• Most dialects use it as a passive auxiliary instead of the typically Kijlisk beun.