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|- | |- | ||
! | ! | ||
! | ! [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] | ||
! | ! [[w:Dental_consonant|Dental]] | ||
! | ! [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]] | ||
! | ! [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | ! [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | ||
| [[w:Voiced_bilabial_nasal|m]] ⟨m⟩ | |||
| [[w:Voiced_dental,_alveolar_and_postalveolar_nasals#Dental_or_denti-alveolar|n]] ⟨n⟩ | |||
| [[w:ɲ|ɲ]] ⟨ñ⟩ | |||
| ([[w:ŋ|ŋ]]) ⟨n⟩ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Stop consonant|Plosive]] | ! rowspan=2 | [[w:Stop consonant|Plosive]] | ||
| [[w:Voiceless_bilabial_plosive|pʰ]] ⟨p⟩ | | [[w:Voiceless_bilabial_plosive|pʰ]] ⟨p⟩ | ||
| [[w:Voiceless_dental_plosive|tʰ]] ⟨t⟩ | | [[w:Voiceless_dental_plosive|tʰ]] ⟨t⟩ | ||
| [[w:/ʨ/|ʨʰ]] ⟨ch⟩ | | [[w:/ʨ/|ʨʰ]] ⟨ch⟩ | ||
| [[w:/k/|kʰ]] ⟨c, qu⟩ | | [[w:/k/|kʰ]] ⟨c, qu⟩ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Fricative consonant|Spirant]] | | rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiceless_bilabial_plosive|b̥]]~[[w:/β/|β]] ⟨b~v⟩ | ||
| | | rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiceless_dental_plosive|d̥]]~[[w:/ð/|ð]] ⟨d⟩ | ||
| rowspan=2 | [[w:ʥ̥|ʥ̥]]~[[w:ʑ|ʑ]] ⟨ċh~ẋ⟩ | |||
| rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiceless_velar_plosive|g̊]]~[[w:/ɣ/|ɣ]] ⟨g, gu⟩ | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=2 | [[w:Fricative consonant|Spirant]] | |||
|- | |||
| [[w:Voiceless_labiodental_fricative|f]] ⟨f⟩ | |||
| [[w:Voiceless_dental_sibilant|s]] ⟨s⟩ | |||
| [[w:/ɕ/|ɕ]] ⟨x⟩ | |||
| [[w:/x/|x]] ⟨j⟩ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]] | ! [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]] | ||
| | |||
| [[w:Alveolar_lateral_approximant|l]] ⟨l⟩ | |||
| [[w:ʎ|ʎ]] ⟨ll⟩ || | |||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Trill_consonant|Trill]]/[[w:Tap_and_flap_consonants|Tap]] | ! [[w:Trill_consonant|Trill]]/[[w:Tap_and_flap_consonants|Tap]] | ||
| | | || [[w:Voiced_dental,_alveolar_and_postalveolar_trills|r]]~[[w:ɾ|ɾ]] ⟨r⟩ || || | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Morphology== | |||
===Mutations=== | |||
Heracliotic has one consonant mutation with morphological significance: ''provection'', where unaspirated plosives become aspirated. | |||
*/b̥/ → /pʰ/ | |||
*/d̥/ → /tʰ/ | |||
*/ʥ̥/ → /ʨʰ/ | |||
*/g̊/ → /kʰ/ | |||
Provection occurs after words that historically ended in /s/ in Ancient Greek. | |||
There is also ''nasalisation'', where unaspirated plosives become voiced after a nasal and aspirated ones lose aspiration. The nasal becomes homorganic to the plosive. Nasalisation has no morphological or phonemic significance and is not indicated in any orthography. | |||
*/N pʰ/ → [mp] | |||
*/N tʰ/ → [nt] | |||
*/N ʨʰ/ → [ɲʨ] | |||
*/N kʰ/ → [ŋk] | |||
*/N b̥/ → [mb] | |||
*/N d̥/ → [nd] | |||
*/N ʥ̥/ → [ɲʥ] | |||
*/N g̊/ → [ŋg] |
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