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Balearic Hebrew: Difference between revisions
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→Uses of the subjunctive
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'''Cohortative subjunctive''' is essentially a command for a first person party. Like the jussive, it is introduced with the word ''ʔašir'' functioning adverbially. For example, "let us write" is the translation of ''ʔašir nīktūb''. | '''Cohortative subjunctive''' is essentially a command for a first person party. Like the jussive, it is introduced with the word ''ʔašir'' functioning adverbially. For example, "let us write" is the translation of ''ʔašir nīktūb''. | ||
In ''' | In '''indirect questions''' the verb is typically in the subjunctive, though it can be in the indicative if the speaker is sure of the action referred to in the indirect question. All interrogative pronouns can introduce an indirect question in the subjunctive. For example, "I do not know why they are writing" is the translation of ''lodabtī lūmū yīktibū''. | ||
In ''' | In '''indirect commands or wishes''' the verb is always in the subjunctive and introduced by the subordinator ''ʔašir''. The main verb in these contexts deal with such topics as orders, commands, advising, asking, wishes, desires, and recommendations. It does not matter if the two clauses have the same or a different subject, the subordinate one will always be in the subjunctive. For example, consider these two sentences: | ||
*= "I want you to come to his house" | * = "I want you to come to his house" | ||
*= "I want to come to his house" | *= "I want to come to his house" | ||
While English expresses these ideas with an infinitive, and Spanish expresses the first with the subjunctive and and the second with an infinitive, both are in the subjunctive in Balearic Hebrew. | While English expresses these ideas with an infinitive, and Spanish expresses the first with the subjunctive and and the second with an infinitive, both are in the subjunctive in Balearic Hebrew. | ||
In '''characteristic relative clauses''' the subjunctive is used. These clauses define their antecedent as belonging to a certain character or king, rather than to only state a fact about it. Often, these clauses are used in questions, though not always. Note the following examples: | |||
*= "Moses, who delivered the Hebrews, did not do this" | |||
*= "Moses, who delivered the Hebrews, is not the kind of person to have done this" | |||
*= "Is there a kind of person who does this?" | |||
The first sentence is entirely in the indicative, while the other two are both subjunctive. | |||
===== Uses with kī ===== | ===== Uses with kī ===== | ||