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Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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| =====Notes=====
| | Natalician consonants are laryngeally-specified three-way fortis-lenis (aspirated/neutral/voiced) like Armenian.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Petrova |first1=Olga |last2=Plapp |first2=Rosemary |last3=Ringen |first3=Catherine |last4=Szentgyörgyi |first4=Szilárd |date=2006 |title=Voice and aspiration: Evidence from Russian, Hungarian, German, Swedish, and Turkish |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7a27/5c57dd25134aa7628c46a64ca470cc3a71db.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908054256/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7a27/5c57dd25134aa7628c46a64ca470cc3a71db.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2018-09-08 |journal=The Linguistic Review |language=en |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=1–35 |doi=10.1515/tlr.2006.001 |s2cid=42712078 |issn=0167-6318}}</ref> |
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| * '''Nasals:'''
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| ** /n/ is laminal alveolar [n̻].
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| ** /ɲ/ is alveolo-palatal, always geminate when intervocalic.
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| ** /ŋ/ has a labio-velar allophone [ŋʷ] before labio-velar plosives.
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| * '''Plosives:'''
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| ** /p/, /pʰ/ and /b/ are purely labial.
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| ** /t/, /tʰ/ and /d/ are laminal dentialveolar [t̻, t̻ʰ, d̻].
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| ** /k/ and /ɡ/ are pre-velar [k̟, ɡ̟] before /i, e, ɛ, j/.
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| ** /kʷ/ and /ɡʷ/ are palato-labialised [kᶣ, ɡᶣ] before /i, e, ɛ, j/.
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| * '''Affricates:'''
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| ** /p͡f/ is bilabial–labiodental and is only found as a common allophone.
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| ** /t͡θ/ is dental and is only found as a common allophone.
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| ** /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are dentalised laminal alveolar [t̻͡s̪, d̻͡z̪].
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| ** /t͡ʃ/ and /d͡ʒ/ are strongly labialised palato-alveolar [t͡ʃʷ, d͡ʒʷ].
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| * '''Fricatives:'''
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| ** /f/ and /v/ are labiodental.
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| ** /θ/ is dental.
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| ** /s/ and /z/ are laminal alveolar [s̻, z̻].
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| ** /ʃ/ is strongly labialised palato-alveolar [ʃʷ].
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| ** /x/ is velar, and only found when triggered by Gorgia Toscana.
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| ** /ʁ/ is uvular, but in anlaut is in free variation with [h].
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| ** /h/ is glottal, but is in free variation with [x ~ ʁ], /h/ is palatal [ç] nearby /i, e, ɛ, j/.
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| * '''Approximants, flap, trill and laterals:'''
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| ** /ʋ/ is labiodental, and only found when triggered by Gorgia Toscana.
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| ** /ð̞/ is dental, and only found when triggered by Gorgia Toscana.
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| ** /j/ and /w/ are always geminate when intervocalic.
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| ** /ɾ/ is alveolar [ɾ].
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| ** /ɣ˕/ is velar, and only found when triggered by Gorgia Toscana.
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| ** /ʀ/ is uvular [ʀ], but is in free variation with alveolar [r].
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| ** /l/ is laminal alveolar [l̻].
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| ** /ʎ/ is alveolo-palatal, always geminate when intervocalic.
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| At least one source claims Turkish consonants are laryngeally-specified three-way fortis-lenis (aspirated/neutral/voiced) like Armenian.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Petrova |first1=Olga |last2=Plapp |first2=Rosemary |last3=Ringen |first3=Catherine |last4=Szentgyörgyi |first4=Szilárd |date=2006 |title=Voice and aspiration: Evidence from Russian, Hungarian, German, Swedish, and Turkish |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7a27/5c57dd25134aa7628c46a64ca470cc3a71db.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908054256/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7a27/5c57dd25134aa7628c46a64ca470cc3a71db.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2018-09-08 |journal=The Linguistic Review |language=en |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=1–35 |doi=10.1515/tlr.2006.001 |s2cid=42712078 |issn=0167-6318}}</ref>
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| The phoneme that is usually referred to as ''yumuşak g'' ("soft g"), written {{angbr|ğ}} in Turkish [[orthography]], represents a vowel sequence or a rather weak bilabial approximant between rounded vowels, a weak palatal approximant between unrounded front vowels, and a vowel sequence elsewhere. It never occurs at the beginning of a word or a syllable, but always follows a vowel. When word-final or preceding another consonant, it lengthens the preceding vowel.<ref name=zimmerorgun/> | | The phoneme that is usually referred to as ''yumuşak g'' ("soft g"), written {{angbr|ğ}} in Turkish [[orthography]], represents a vowel sequence or a rather weak bilabial approximant between rounded vowels, a weak palatal approximant between unrounded front vowels, and a vowel sequence elsewhere. It never occurs at the beginning of a word or a syllable, but always follows a vowel. When word-final or preceding another consonant, it lengthens the preceding vowel.<ref name=zimmerorgun/> |