Yosman: Difference between revisions

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Yosman (view source)

Revision as of 23:19, 19 September 2024

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|imagecaption      = [Pending] Flag of the Yosman Republic of Nabataea
|imagecaption      = [Pending] Flag of the Yosman Republic of Nabataea
|name              = Yosman
|name              = Yosman
|nativename        = ځوېٓسِنہ<br>Gwýsene
|nativename        = غوېٓسِنہ<br>Ghwýsene
|pronunciation    = ˈʝyːzɛnɛ
|pronunciation    = ˈʝyːzɛnɛ
|states            = Nabataea
|states            = Nabataea
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|script1          = Arab
|script1          = Arab
|stand1            = Standard Yosman (---)
|stand1            = Standard Yosman (---)
|dia1              = Northern Yoesman (''--'')
|dia1              = Northern Yosman (''--'')
|dia2              = Central Yosman (''--'')
|dia2              = Central Yosman (''--'')
|dia3              = Southern Yoesman (''--'')
|dia3              = Southern Yosman (''--'')
|dia4              = Western Yoesman (''--'')
|dia4              = Western Yosman (''--'')
|nation            = Nabataea
|nation            = Nabataea
|notice            = IPA
|notice            = IPA
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==History==
==History==
===Etymology===
===Etymology===
The endonym "ځوېٓسِنہ" (''Gwýsene'') is derived from ځوېٓسِن (''Gwýsen, "a Yosman"''), from Middle Gwýsene جِٔويسّمَن (''gewissman''), a fossilization of جِٔويسّ (''gewiss, "[[w:Gewisse|Geuisse]]"'') + مُن (''mon, "man"''), from Old Gwýsene ''yws mn'' (/yewisse monn/), from Old English [[wikt:gewiss#Old_English|Ġewisse]] [[wikt:monn#Old_English|monn]].
The endonym "غوېٓسِنہ" (''Ghwýsene'') is derived from غوېٓسِن (''Ghwýsen, "a Yosman"''), from Middle Gwýsene غِويسّمَن (''ɣewissman''), a fossilization of غِويسّ (''ɣewiss, "[[w:Gewisse|Geuisse]]"'') + مُن (''mon, "man"''), from Old Gwýsene ''yws mn'' (/yewisse monn/), from Old English [[wikt:gewiss#Old_English|Ġewisse]] [[wikt:monn#Old_English|monn]].


The exonym "Yosman" is an anglicization of French Yœssmanes (with the accurate Englisc exonym being Eizmenasisc), itself borrowed from Middle High German Jewissmaneisch (hence modern High German Jewissmännisch), ultimately from Middle Gwýsene جِٔويسّمَن (''gewissman''). The Englisc exonym particularly is a borrowing from Brithonech Euuzmenasech, itself borrowed from Middle French Yœssmanes.
The exonym "Yosman" is an anglicization of French Yœssmanes (with the accurate Englisc exonym being Eizmenasisc), itself borrowed from Middle High German Jewissmaneisch (hence modern High German Jewissmännisch), ultimately from Middle Gwýsene غِويسّمَن (''ɣewissman''). The Englisc exonym particularly is a borrowing from Brithonech Euuzmenasech, itself borrowed from Middle French Yœssmanes.


===Old Phrygian===
===Old Phrygian===
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====Pre-Modern consonants====
====Pre-Modern consonants====
====Modern consonants====
====Modern consonants====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ '''Standard Yosman consonants'''
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
! colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:normal;" |
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]]
! [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]]
! [[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! [[w:Post-lveolar consonant|Post-alveolar]]
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | m
|
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | n
|
| style="vertical-align:middle;" |
| style="vertical-align:middle;" |
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Polsive|Polsive]]/[[w:Affricate|Affricate]]
| style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Voicelessness|Voiceless]]
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | p
|
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | t
| t͡ʃ
| style="vertical-align:middle;" |
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | k
|-
| style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Voice|Voiced]]
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | b
|
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | d
| d͡ʒ
| style="vertical-align:middle;" |
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | ɡ
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Fricative|Fricative]]
| style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Voicelessness|Voiceless]]
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | f
| θ
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | s
| ʃ
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | (ç)
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | x
|-
| style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Voice|Voiced]]
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | v
| ð
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | z
| ʒ
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | (ʝ)
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | ɣ
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]]
| style="vertical-align:middle;" |
|
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | r
|
| style="vertical-align:middle;" |
| style="vertical-align:middle;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Tap and flap consonants|Tap]]
|
|
| ɾ
|
|
|
|-
| colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | [[w:Approximant|Approximant]]
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | w
|
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | (ɹ) (l)
| j
| style="vertical-align:middle;" |
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | ɫ
|}
====Dialectical variations====
====Dialectical variations====


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