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Saxuma: Difference between revisions
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→Verbal Morphology
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The W Ablaut is a morpho-phonological process that appears throughout Saxuma verb inflections. It performs the following vowel transformations: | The W Ablaut is a morpho-phonological process that appears throughout Saxuma verb inflections. It performs the following vowel transformations: | ||
* a → aw, | * a → aw if stressed, → o if unstressed | ||
* i → yu | * i → yu | ||
* u → ū | * u → ū | ||
* e → | * e → yo | ||
* o → ō | * o → ō | ||
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* The '''-fa conjugation''' includes all verbs that would be a regular weak conjugation, but the consonant before -a, -i, or -u is <f>. | * The '''-fa conjugation''' includes all verbs that would be a regular weak conjugation, but the consonant before -a, -i, or -u is <f>. | ||
* The '''-ra conjugation''' includes all verbs that would be a regular weak conjugation, but the consonant before -a, -i, or -u is <r>. | * The '''-ra conjugation''' includes all verbs that would be a regular weak conjugation, but the consonant before -a, -i, or -u is <r>. | ||
* The '''-N conjugation''' includes all verbs ending in -n | * The '''-N conjugation''' includes all verbs ending in -n or -m. | ||
* The '''-S conjugation''' includes all verbs ending in -s or -x. | * The '''-S conjugation''' includes all verbs ending in -s or -x. | ||
* The '''-T conjugation''' includes all verbs ending in -k, -t, | * The '''-T conjugation''' includes all verbs ending in -k, -t, or -p, and some ending in long -ē. | ||
* The '''-H conjugation''' includes most, but not all, verbs ending in a long vowel. | * The '''-H conjugation''' includes most, but not all, verbs ending in a long vowel. | ||
* The '''-L conjugation''' includes a small number of verbs ending in long ō and ū. | * The '''-L conjugation''' includes a small number of verbs ending in long ō and ū. | ||
* The '''-aw | * The '''-aw conjugation''' includes all verbs ending in -aw. | ||
* The '''-ay conjugation''' includes all of verbs ending in -ay. | |||
We will detail below how each verb ending inflects to the different conjugation patterns. | We will detail below how each verb ending inflects to the different conjugation patterns. | ||
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* -T conjugation verbs remove the final consonant, or change final long ē to short e. Then, they apply W-Ablaut, and finally append ná. | * -T conjugation verbs remove the final consonant, or change final long ē to short e. Then, they apply W-Ablaut, and finally append ná. | ||
*: enák → enaw-ná → enoná | *: enák → enaw-ná → enoná | ||
*: hē → | *: hē → hyo-ná → hyoná | ||
* -aw | * -aw verbs morph the final -aw to -o and append -ná. | ||
*: aw → oná | *: aw → oná | ||
*: law → loná | *: law → loná | ||
* | |||
* -ay verbs morph the final -ay to -e and append -ná | |||
* way → wená | |||
See the summary in the table below: | See the summary in the table below: | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | -L | ! colspan=2 | -L | ||
| | | xō || xōná | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | -aw | ! colspan=2 | -aw | ||
|law || loná | | law || loná | ||
|- | |||
! colspan=2 | -ay | |||
| way || wená | |||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | -L | ! colspan=2 | -L | ||
| | | xō || xōná || xōbí || xōwáy || xōkún || xóla || xoláx || xolá | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | -aw | ! colspan=2 | -aw | ||
|law || loná || lobí || lowáy || lokún || lála || laláx || lalá | | law || loná || lobí || lowáy || lokún || lála || laláx || lalá | ||
|- | |||
! colspan=2 | -ay | |||
| way || wená || webí || wewáy || wekún || wáyu || welá | |||
|} | |} | ||