Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean/Lexicon: Difference between revisions

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== Etymologies possibly linked to Nostratic ==
'''Noun (n.):''' Person/Thing


'''Adjective (adj.):''' Property


== Etymologies possibly linked to Afroasiatic ==
'''Verb (v.):''' Action/Process


== Pronouns and demonstratives ==
=== "deictic stem" ===
* *ʢa : deictic stem


== Etymologies possibly linked to Sino-Caucasian ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*ʢa
|deictic stem
|deictic stem
|}
 
=== "demonstrative pronoun" ===
* *sə : demonstrative pronoun, third person pronoun
* *ʃə : demonstrative pronoun, he, that
* *s°w° : demonstrative pronoun, he, him
* *ʔisə : demonstrative pronoun, self, oneself
* *ʑə : demonstrative pronoun, demonstrative stem
* *si : demonstrative pronoun, this, that
* *si-ʔiʔa : demonstrative pronoun, this, that
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
== Vegetation ==
=== LEAF (n.) ===
* *g°tʼ°ʔa : leaf
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*gətʼəʔa
|leaf
|noun
|}
 
== Animals ==
=== LIZARD (n.) ===
* *tɬaɴə : lizard
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*tɬaɴə
|lizard
|noun
|}
 
=== LIZARD, WORM (n.) ===
* *məːl° : lizard, worm, larva
* *məl° : lizard, worm, larva, bug
* *mələʢə : lizard, worm
* *məl°xə : lizard, worm, slug
* *məx°lə : lizard, worm, slug
* *muluʕə : lizard, worm
* *m°ʢiʟax°ɢ°wə : lizard, worm, maggot
* *qatimela : lizard, worm, flea, louse, bug
* *timel° : lizard, worm, flea, louse, bug
* *χəmələ : lizard, worm
* *χul°matʼə : lizard, worm
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
=== TORTOISE (n.) ===
* *tɬʼ°ʔ°ɢoʔ° : tortoise


{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*tɬʼə-ɢo
|tortoise
|noun
|}


== Etymologies possibly linked to Austric ==
== Kinship ==
=== MOTHER (n.) ===
* *ja : mother, grandmother
* *jaːjə : mother, grandmother
* *ma : mother
* *maj° : mother
* *maʔ° : mother
* *me : mother, woman, female
* *meʔ° : mother
* *məʔ° : mother
* *ʔ°jə : mother
* *ʢajə : mother
* *ʔəjə : mother
* *ʔəma : mother
* *ʔəmə : mother, woman
* *ʢəməː : mother


{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*ʢajə
|mother
|noun
|-
|
|
|
|}


== Etymologies possibly linked to Macro-Khoisan ==
=== FATHER (n.) ===
* *b°ʔa : father
* *ba : father
* *bo : father
* *bʱuɦ° : father
* *ʔ°ba : father
* *ʔaba : father
* *ʔabə : father
* *ʔapʼə : father
* *ʔupʼəː : father


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Meaning
!Notes
!Category
|-
|*bʱuɦə
|father
|
|-
|-
|*dʑoʔa
|
|ashes
|
|*ʒ́o[a]
|
|}
 
=== FATHER, "elder male relative" (n.) ===
* *daːjə : father, elder male relative
* *daʔə : father, elder male relative
* *ta : father, elder male relative
* *tajə : father, elder male relative
* *təjə : father, elder male relative, chief
* *ʔadə : father, elder male relative
* *ʔətʼə : father, elder male relative, elder relative
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*tsəha-
|
|cold
|
|*cha-
|
|-
|-
|*ʢa
|
|deictic stem
|
|*Ha
|
|}
 
== Body ==
=== FAT (ORGANIC SUBSTANCE) (n.) ===
* *tsʰa : fat
* *tsʰaɴ° : fat
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*tʼəʔu
|*tsʰaɴə
|dew
|fat
|*ǀu
|noun
|-
|-
|*tɬʼə-xəʢuɦə
|
|dry
|
|*ǀǀXU
|
|}
 
=== FAECES (EXCREMENT) (n.) ===
* *tsʰuɦ° : excrement
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*tsəʢuɦə
|*tsʰuɦə
|excrement
|excrement
|*CU
|noun
|}
 
=== KIDNEY (n.) ===
* *ɳ°tsʼ°ʔuʔ° : kidney
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*ɳətsʼəʔu
|kidney
|noun
|}
 
=== HAND (n.) ===
* *tɬaʔu : hand
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*tsəʢa-ɴə
|*tɬaʔu
|fat
|hand
|*Ca(N)
|noun
|-
|-
|*vuɦə
|
|father
|
|*BU
|
|}
 
=== HAIR (n.) ===
* *tʼ°ʔ°ʁə : hair
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*tʼə-ʁə
|*tʼə-ʁə
|hair
|hair
|*ǀʁV
|noun
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
== Emotions and values ==
=== CRY, SOUND (OF INSTRUMENT OR VOICE) (v.), SOUND OR NOISE (n.) ===
* *k°xe : to cry, to sound, sound
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*tɬaʔu
|*kəxe
|hand
|sound
|*ƛ[a]u
|noun
|-
|-
|*ɳətsʼəʔu-
|*kəxe
|kidney
|to cry, to sound
|*ɳ!u-
|verb
|}
 
== Food and drink ==
=== EAT (v.) ===
* *dzeɢə : to eat
* *ʃeːʔu : to eat, polstern
* *s°ʀ°j° : to eat, satt werden/machen
* *ʔ=ətsʼ°tsʼə : to eat, to drink
* *tsa : to eat
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*gətʼəʔa
|
|leaf
|
|*ɡǀa
|
|-
|-
|*tɬaɴə
|
|lizard
|
|*ƛaNV
|
|}
 
=== MEAT (n.) ===
* *pʼ°ʔ°ha : meat
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*pʼə-ha
|*pʼə-ha
|meat
|meat
|*ʘha
|noun
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
=== ANIMAL OR MEAT (n.) ===
* *tsətʃətʃə : animal, meat
* *tsətʃə : animal, meat
* *tsʼətʃʼə : animal, meat, herd
* *ʔatʃə : animal, meat
* *ʔitʃə : animal, meat
* *tɬaj°wə : animal, meat
* *tɬaj°ʔə : animal, meat
* *ɬaʕə : animal, meat, cow, bull
* *ɕa : animal, meat, flesh
* *sats° : animal, meat
* *ʔasi : animal, meat, flesh
* *tɕʰesi : animal, meat, flesh
* *ʔ°saʔ°tsi : animal, meat
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*ʢajə
|
|mother
|
|*[H]aj-
|
|-
|-
|*tɬʼakʼəɴə
|
|shoe
|
|*ƛ̣aḳVNV
|
|}
 
== Physical world ==
=== SMOKE (EXHAUST) (n.) ===
* *tsʼəkʼə : smoke
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|tsʼəkʼə
|*tsʼəkʼə
|smoke
|smoke
|*c̣VḳV
|noun
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
=== ASH (n.) ===
* *dʑoʔa : ash
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*dʑoʔa
|ash
|noun
|}
 
=== ASH (n.), BURN (SOMETHING) (v.) ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
=== DEW (n.) ===
* *tʼ°ʔu : dew
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*tʼəʔu
|dew
|noun
|}
 
== Sense perception ==
=== COLD (adj.) ===
* *ts°haʔ° : cold
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*ʎi-
|*tsəha
|to blow the nose; snot
|cold
|*ʎi-
|adjective
|-
|-
|*tɬəkəʢə
|
|to chop
|
|*ƛVKV
|
|}
 
=== DRY (adj.) ===
* *tɬʼ°ʔ°gʱuɦ° : dry
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*kəxe
|*tɬʼə-gʱuɦə
|to cry, sound
|dry
|*kxe
|adjective
|}
 
=== SOUND OR NOISE (n.) ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
== Law ==
=== STEAL (v.) ===
* *ʔitsʰaʔ° : steal
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*ʔitsʰa
|steal
|verb
|}
 
== Cognition ==
=== KNOW (SOMETHING) (v.) ===
* *kəʔəŋ° : know
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*kə-ŋə
|*kə-ŋə
|to know
|know
|*kVʔV[ŋ]
|verb
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
== Basic actions and technology ==
=== SOUND (OF INSTRUMENT OR VOICE) (v.) ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*ʔitsəʢa-
|
|to steal
|
|*[i]Ca-
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
 
=== CHOP (v.) ===
*tɬəkʰə : chop
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*tɬəkʰə
|chop
|verb
|}
 
=== WASH (v.) ===
* *tɬʼ°ʔ°k°xa : wash
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|-
|*tɬʼə-kəxa
|*tɬʼə-kəxa
|to wash
|wash
|*ǀǀkxa
|verb
|}
 
=== BLOW (WITH NOSE) (v.), NASAL MUCUS (SNOT) (n.) ===
* *ɬiʔ° : to blow the nose, snot
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*ɬi
|snot
|noun
|-
|-
|*tɬʼə-ɢo-
|*ɬi
|tortoise
|blow the nose
|*ǀǀGo-
|verb
|}
 
== Clothing and grooming ==
=== SHOE (n.) ===
* *tɬʼakʼəɴə : shoe
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
!Meaning
!Category
|-
|*tɬʼakʼəɴə
|shoe
|noun
|}
|}
== Notes ==
[[Category:Atlanto-Mediterranean]]

Latest revision as of 19:07, 24 July 2024

Noun (n.): Person/Thing

Adjective (adj.): Property

Verb (v.): Action/Process

Pronouns and demonstratives

"deictic stem"

  • *ʢa : deictic stem
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*ʢa deictic stem deictic stem

"demonstrative pronoun"

  • *sə : demonstrative pronoun, third person pronoun
  • *ʃə : demonstrative pronoun, he, that
  • *s°w° : demonstrative pronoun, he, him
  • *ʔisə : demonstrative pronoun, self, oneself
  • *ʑə : demonstrative pronoun, demonstrative stem
  • *si : demonstrative pronoun, this, that
  • *si-ʔiʔa : demonstrative pronoun, this, that
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category

Vegetation

LEAF (n.)

  • *g°tʼ°ʔa : leaf
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*gətʼəʔa leaf noun

Animals

LIZARD (n.)

  • *tɬaɴə : lizard
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tɬaɴə lizard noun

LIZARD, WORM (n.)

  • *məːl° : lizard, worm, larva
  • *məl° : lizard, worm, larva, bug
  • *mələʢə : lizard, worm
  • *məl°xə : lizard, worm, slug
  • *məx°lə : lizard, worm, slug
  • *muluʕə : lizard, worm
  • *m°ʢiʟax°ɢ°wə : lizard, worm, maggot
  • *qatimela : lizard, worm, flea, louse, bug
  • *timel° : lizard, worm, flea, louse, bug
  • *χəmələ : lizard, worm
  • *χul°matʼə : lizard, worm
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category

TORTOISE (n.)

  • *tɬʼ°ʔ°ɢoʔ° : tortoise
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tɬʼə-ɢo tortoise noun

Kinship

MOTHER (n.)

  • *ja : mother, grandmother
  • *jaːjə : mother, grandmother
  • *ma : mother
  • *maj° : mother
  • *maʔ° : mother
  • *me : mother, woman, female
  • *meʔ° : mother
  • *məʔ° : mother
  • *ʔ°jə : mother
  • *ʢajə : mother
  • *ʔəjə : mother
  • *ʔəma : mother
  • *ʔəmə : mother, woman
  • *ʢəməː : mother
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*ʢajə mother noun

FATHER (n.)

  • *b°ʔa : father
  • *ba : father
  • *bo : father
  • *bʱuɦ° : father
  • *ʔ°ba : father
  • *ʔaba : father
  • *ʔabə : father
  • *ʔapʼə : father
  • *ʔupʼəː : father
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*bʱuɦə father

FATHER, "elder male relative" (n.)

  • *daːjə : father, elder male relative
  • *daʔə : father, elder male relative
  • *ta : father, elder male relative
  • *tajə : father, elder male relative
  • *təjə : father, elder male relative, chief
  • *ʔadə : father, elder male relative
  • *ʔətʼə : father, elder male relative, elder relative
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category

Body

FAT (ORGANIC SUBSTANCE) (n.)

  • *tsʰa : fat
  • *tsʰaɴ° : fat
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tsʰaɴə fat noun

FAECES (EXCREMENT) (n.)

  • *tsʰuɦ° : excrement
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tsʰuɦə excrement noun

KIDNEY (n.)

  • *ɳ°tsʼ°ʔuʔ° : kidney
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*ɳətsʼəʔu kidney noun

HAND (n.)

  • *tɬaʔu : hand
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tɬaʔu hand noun

HAIR (n.)

  • *tʼ°ʔ°ʁə : hair
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tʼə-ʁə hair noun

Emotions and values

CRY, SOUND (OF INSTRUMENT OR VOICE) (v.), SOUND OR NOISE (n.)

  • *k°xe : to cry, to sound, sound
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*kəxe sound noun
*kəxe to cry, to sound verb

Food and drink

EAT (v.)

  • *dzeɢə : to eat
  • *ʃeːʔu : to eat, polstern
  • *s°ʀ°j° : to eat, satt werden/machen
  • *ʔ=ətsʼ°tsʼə : to eat, to drink
  • *tsa : to eat
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category

MEAT (n.)

  • *pʼ°ʔ°ha : meat
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*pʼə-ha meat noun

ANIMAL OR MEAT (n.)

  • *tsətʃətʃə : animal, meat
  • *tsətʃə : animal, meat
  • *tsʼətʃʼə : animal, meat, herd
  • *ʔatʃə : animal, meat
  • *ʔitʃə : animal, meat
  • *tɬaj°wə : animal, meat
  • *tɬaj°ʔə : animal, meat
  • *ɬaʕə : animal, meat, cow, bull
  • *ɕa : animal, meat, flesh
  • *sats° : animal, meat
  • *ʔasi : animal, meat, flesh
  • *tɕʰesi : animal, meat, flesh
  • *ʔ°saʔ°tsi : animal, meat
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category

Physical world

SMOKE (EXHAUST) (n.)

  • *tsʼəkʼə : smoke
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tsʼəkʼə smoke noun

ASH (n.)

  • *dʑoʔa : ash
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*dʑoʔa ash noun

ASH (n.), BURN (SOMETHING) (v.)

Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category

DEW (n.)

  • *tʼ°ʔu : dew
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tʼəʔu dew noun

Sense perception

COLD (adj.)

  • *ts°haʔ° : cold
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tsəha cold adjective

DRY (adj.)

  • *tɬʼ°ʔ°gʱuɦ° : dry
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tɬʼə-gʱuɦə dry adjective

SOUND OR NOISE (n.)

Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category

Law

STEAL (v.)

  • *ʔitsʰaʔ° : steal
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*ʔitsʰa steal verb

Cognition

KNOW (SOMETHING) (v.)

  • *kəʔəŋ° : know
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*kə-ŋə know verb

Basic actions and technology

SOUND (OF INSTRUMENT OR VOICE) (v.)

Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category

CHOP (v.)

  • tɬəkʰə : chop
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tɬəkʰə chop verb

WASH (v.)

  • *tɬʼ°ʔ°k°xa : wash
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tɬʼə-kəxa wash verb

BLOW (WITH NOSE) (v.), NASAL MUCUS (SNOT) (n.)

  • *ɬiʔ° : to blow the nose, snot
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*ɬi snot noun
*ɬi blow the nose verb

Clothing and grooming

SHOE (n.)

  • *tɬʼakʼəɴə : shoe
Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean Meaning Category
*tɬʼakʼəɴə shoe noun

Notes

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