Ròmnica

Ròmnica Ròmnica
Progress: 85%
Type
Agglutinative
Alignment
Direct
Head direction
Initial	Mixed		Final
Primary word order
Verb-subject-object
Tonal
No
Declensions
No
Conjugations
Yes
Genders
Animate/Inanimate
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice		Mood
Person		Number
Tense		Aspect

Background

Ròmnica was originally meant to be a Romance language, which would borrow greatly from Spanish. In the end, the language became more of an experiment of a conlang with a large number of phonemes. Later on, more and more experimental ideas for my conlang designs were integrated into it, such as clicks and "agglutinative" verbs. Then on, it was taken for translating poems and for using those Ròmnica lyrics for short songs.

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Labio-dental	Dental	Alveolar	Post-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m	ɱ		n		ɲ	ŋ
Plosive	p b			t d			k g	ʔ
Fricative	ɸ β	f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ ʒ	ç	x ɣ	h
Approximant	ɰᵝ					j
Flap or tap				ɾ
Trill	ʙ			r
Lateral Fric.				ɬ
Lateral App.				l		ʎ
Click	ʘ		ǀ	!
Lateral Click				ǁ
Affricate		p̪͡f		t͡s	t͡ʃ d͡ʒ
Lateral Aff.				t͡ɬ

Vowels

	Front	Back
Close	i y	u
Close-mid	e ø	o
Open	a ɶ

Orthography

Letter	IPA	Notes
a	/a/
ä	/ɶ/
b	/b/
bh	/β/
bhr	/ʙ/
b!	/ʘ/
c	/k/ /s/	/k/ before a, o, and u; /s/ before e and i
ch	/ç/
ç	/s/	Used as /s/ before a, o, and u
d	/d/
dh	/ð/
dg	/d͡ʒ/
d!	/!/
e	/e/
ø	/ø/
f	/f/
g	/g/
gh	/ɣ/
h	n/a	Silent in all cases
ħ	/h/
i	/i/
ü	/y/
j	/j/
jh	/ʎ/
k	/k/
kh	/x/
kħ	/kʰ/
l	/l/
lh	/ɬ/
l!	/ǁ/
m	/m/
mh	/ɱ/
n	/n/
nh	/ɲ/
ng	/ŋ/
o	/o/
p	/p/
ph	/ɸ/
pf	/p̪͡f/
pħ	/pʰ/
q	/k/	Used with u before e and i
r	/ɾ/
rh	/r/
s	/s/
t	/t/
th	/θ/
tl	/t͡ɬ/
ts	/t͡s/
tsh	/t͡ʃ/
tħ	/tʰ/
t!	/ǀ/
u	/u/
v	/v/
w	/ɰᵝ/
x	/ʃ/
z	/z/
zh	/ʒ/
'	/ʔ/

Stress

The stress pattern of Ròmnica is a very simple one. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable, with the only exception being when the word ends with an "r", so the stress falls on the last syllable. Accent marks are used for when the stress pattern is irregular. The acute accent (´) is used with unrounded vowels [a, e, i], while the grave accent (`) is used with rounded ones [ɶ, ø, y, o, u].

Grammar

Pronouns

Nominative	Singular	Plural
1st Person	Xo	Nos
2nd Person	Tħu	Bhus
3rd Person	Il	Ils

Nominative pronouns can be omitted, since the conjugated verb contains them.

Accusative	Singular	Plural
1st Person	Me	Nhe
2nd Person	Tħe	Ve
3rd Person	Le	Les

The accusative is present when added at the end of the conjugation of the verb.

Dative	Singular	Plural
1st Person	Em	Ens
2nd Person	Et	Ev
3rd Person	El	Els

Dative pronouns are added with a dash at the end of the conjugated verb.

Verbs

Ròmnica verbs are conjugated by adding the personal pronoun to the beginning of the verb stem. An example is the verb "to be" which is "caiser" in Ròmnica. The conjugations for the present tense would be:

Caiser	Singular	Plural
1st Person	Xocáis	Noscáis
2nd Person	Tħucáis	Bhuscáis
3rd Person	Ilcáis	Ilscáis

When conjugating verbs to the present tense, the stress changes to the stem. In most cases, this means that the stem takes an accent.

When conjugating a verb that affects an accusative and/or a dative object, their pronouns are added to the end of the verb. Like, when expressing the phrase "I throw the ball to him", the verb "tracar" is used. (Ball is pol). This phrase would be "Xotrácle-el lø pol.", where the accusative is added to the end of the verb, and the dative is added after a hyphen.