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User:Chrysophylax/Substrate language: Difference between revisions
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===Notes on orthography=== | ===Notes on orthography=== | ||
The temporary orthography I've devised uses | The temporary orthography I've devised uses the macron to represent long vowels, <á> for /ɑ/, <hm> <hn> for the voiceless nasals, <z> for /d͡z/ and <sz> for /t͡s/, <x> for /x/, <ph th kh> for /pʰ tʰ kʰ/. | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
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* No specific way of determining if a word is animate or inanimate | * No specific way of determining if a word is animate or inanimate | ||
:* addendum: certain suffixes are always one or the other, e.g. -dih 'a collection of X' is always inanimate, e.g. ''sokhdih'' 'a collection of stones, a pile of stones' < ''sokh'' 'stone', whilst others are always animate, e.g. ''-tus'' 'who does X', ''nōthētus'' 'sailor' < ''nōthē'' 'ocean'. | :* addendum: certain suffixes are always one or the other, e.g. -dih 'a collection of X' is always inanimate, e.g. ''sokhdih'' 'a collection of stones, a pile of stones' < ''sokh'' 'stone', whilst others are always animate, e.g. ''-tus'' 'who does X', ''nōthētus'' 'sailor' < ''nōthē'' 'ocean'. | ||
==Word list== | |||
{| class="greentable sortable" | |||
|- | |||
! entry | |||
! IPA | |||
! part of speech | |||
! definition | |||
|- | |||
| '''wuhko'''||''wuhkʰɔ''||animate noun||speech | |||
|- | |||
| '''fexa'''||''fɛɕa''||inanimate noun|| axe | |||
|- | |||
| '''sēdhuf'''||''sɛːtʰʲhuf''||inanimate noun|| temple | |||
|- | |||
| '''hote''' ||''hɔtɛ''||animate noun|| young pig, piglet | |||
|- | |||
| '''pheti'''||''pʰɛtʲi''||animate noun|| daughter | |||
|- | |||
| '''sokh'''||''sɔk''||inanimate noun||stone | |||
|- | |||
| '''sokhdih'''||''sɔgdihʲ''||inanimate noun|| stone-pile | |||
|- | |||
| '''nōthē'''||''nɔːtʰɛː''||inanimate noun||ocean | |||
|- | |||
| '''nōthē'''||''nɔːtʰɛː''||animate noun||Ocean personified | |||
|- | |||
| '''dáwá'''||''dɑwɒ''||animate noun||fire | |||
|- | |||
| '''dáwátus'''||''dɑwɒtus''||animate noun||torch-bearer (a priestly title) | |||
|- | |||
| '''uptus'''||''uptus''||animate noun||farmer | |||
|- | |||
| '''upē'''||''upɛː''||inanimate noun||field | |||
|- | |||
| '''dáph'''||''dɑp''||animate noun||commander (''esp.'' military) | |||
|- | |||
| '''xapha'''||''xapʰa''||inanimate noun||war | |||
|- | |||
| '''kiz'''||''kid͡zʲ''||inanimate noun||sea, lake, river | |||
|- | |||
| '''xaphdáph'''||''xapʰtɑp''||animate noun||warleader, warlord | |||
|- | |||
| '''kizdáph'''||''kid͡zʲdɑp''||animate noun||sealord | |||
|- | |||
| '''dáphtus'''||''dɑptus''||animate noun||elector | |||
|- | |||
| '''tā́szbohszāth'''||''tɑːd͡zboht͡sʰaːt||animate noun||the state | |||
|- | |||
| '''hnehgiszhāth'''||''ṇehkit͡sʰʲhaːt''||animate noun||the economy | |||
|- | |||
| '''phááhnthez'''||''pʰɑːn̥tʰɛd͡zʲ''||inanimate noun||greeting | |||
|} | |||
* '''wuhko''' [''wuhkʰɔ'']; speech (inan.) | |||
===Example text=== | |||
<poem> | |||
'''tiththaasztits xaphdáph taaszbohszaathxa dáphtusxahe dáwáhexahe uptuseh upeedihixahe sokhdihixahe zaakih exa''' | |||
''titʰʲtʰɑːt͡stit͡sʲ xapʰtɑp tɑːd͡zboht͡sʰaːtʰxa dɑptusʰxahɛ dɑwɒhɛxʲahe uptusɛh upɛːdihʲixʲahɛ sɔgdihʲixʲahɛ d͡zaːkih exʲa'' | |||
send;{{sc|pst.act.3sg.perf}} warleader state;{{sc|gen}} elector;{{sc|gen;pl}} great_flame;{{sc|gen;pl}} farmer;{{sc|dat;pl}} field;{{sc|gen;pl}} stone-pile{{sc|;gen;pl}} demand;{{sc|pl}} his | |||
'The Warleader of the State of the Electors of the Great Flame to the Farmers of the Fields of Stone-Piles has sent his demands' | |||
</poem> | |||
==Syntax== | |||
V (S [ ADJ {GEN}]) [INSTR] [MANNER PLACE] [DAT] [ACC] [TIME] | |||