Themsarian/Verbal subparadigms

Semivowel stems

ı-stems

áubıî - attack, strike

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	áubiħar!	áubins!
2	áubi!	áubirs!	áubils!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	áubıī	áubidir	áubima
1.in	-	áubiħare	áubinse
2	áubir	áubirse	áubilse
3/4.m	áubi	áubīr	áubivi
3/4.f	áubīs		áubiti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	áubín	áubisid	áubimi
1.in	-	áubitar	áubitā
2	áubír	áubirith	áubilith
3/4.m	áubís	áubisrí	áubisví
3/4.f	áubisar		áubistí

Future
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	áubîn	áubîdir	áubîma
1.in	-	áubîħar	áubînse
2	áubîr	áubîrse	áubîlse
3/4.m	áubî	áubîri	áubiîvi
3/4.f	áubîs		áubîti

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	áubıî	áubirdá	áubimir
1.in	-	áubiħad	áubint
2	áubıîr	áubirt	áubilt
3/4.m	áubimá	áubīrá	áubiħá
3/4.f	áubīsá		áubitá

*w-stems

qervî - pack, condense

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	qéruħar!	qéruns!
2	qéry!	qérurs!	qéruls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	qérvī	qérudir	qéruma
1.in	-	qéruħare	qérunse
2	qérur	qérurse	qérulse
3/4.m	qéry	qervir	qéruvi
3/4.f	qérvis		qéruti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	qerún	qérusid	qérumi
1.in	-	qérutar	qérutā
2	qerúr	qérurith	qérulith
3/4.m	qerús	qerusrí	qerusví
3/4.f	qérusar		qerustí

Future
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	qervên	qervêdir	qervêma
1.in	-	qervêħar	qervênse
2	qervêr	qervêrse	qervêlse
3/4.m	qervê	qervêri	qervêvi
3/4.f	qervêis		qervêti

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	qervî	qerurdá	qérumir
1.in	-	qéruħad	qérunt
2	qervîr	qérurt	qérult
3/4.m	qerumá	qervirá	qeruħá
3/4.f	qervisá		qerutá

Labial obstruent stems

-vi, -vie- "dissimilates" to -ħi, -ħie-

duobî - to be assembled

Coronal obstruent stems

*t-, *d-, *tʰ-, *s-stems

{*t *d *tʰ *s}

• > s / _t
  
• > r / _d
  

qvothî - shout

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	qvóthħar!	qvóthyns!
2	qvóth!	qvóthyrs!	qvóthyls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	qvóthī	qvórdir	qvóthma
1.in	-	qvóthħare	qvóthynse
2	qvóthyr	qvóthyrse	qvóthylse
3/4.m	qvóthe	qvóthir	qvóthvi
3/4.f	qvóthis		qvósti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	qvothýn	qvóssid	qvóthmi
1.in	-	qvóstar	qvóstā
2	qvothýr	qvóthrith	qvóthlith
3/4.m	qvóss	qvosrí	qvosví
3/4.f	qvóssar		qvostí

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	qvothî	qvothyrdá	qvóthmir
1.in	-	qvóthħad	qvóthynt
2	qvothîr	qvóthyrt	qvóthylt
3/4.m	qvothmá	qvothirá	qvothħá
3/4.f	qvothisá		qvostá

*z-stems

fáerî - interlock, jam

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	fáérħar!	fáéryns!
2	fáér!	fáéryrs!	fáéryls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	fáérī	fáérdir	fáérma
1.in	-	fáérħare	fáérynse
2	fáéryr	fáéryrse	fáérylse
3/4.m	fáére	fáerir	fáérvi
3/4.f	fáéris		fáésti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	fáerýn	fáéssid	fáérmi
1.in	-	fáéstar	fáéstā
2	fáerýr	fáérrith	fáerlith
3/4.m	fáess	fáesrí	fáesví
3/4.f	fáéssar		fáestí

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	fáerî	fáeryrdá	fáérmir
1.in	-	fáérħad	fáérynt
2	fáerîr	fáéryrt	fáérylt
3/4.m	fáermá	fáerirá	fáerħá
3/4.f	fáerisá		fáestá

*ʒ-stems

néuzî - pound, stamp

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	néurħar!	néuzyns!
2	nêuz!	néuzyrs!	néuzyls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	néuzī	néurdir	néurma
1.in	-	néurħare	néuzynse
2	néuzyr	néuzyrse	néuzylse
3/4.m	néuze	néuzir	néuzvi
3/4.f	néuzis		néusti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	néuzýn	néussid	néurmi
1.in	-	néustar	néustā
2	néuzýr	néurrith	néurlith
3/4.m	néuss	néusrí	néusví
3/4.f	néussar		néustí

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	néuzî	néuzyrdá	néurmir
1.in	-	néurħad	néuzynt
2	néuzîr	néuzyrt	néuzylt
3/4.m	néurmá	néuzirá	néurħá
3/4.f	néuzisá		néustá

*ç- and *ƶ-stems

{*ç, *ƶ}

• > f / _*C[+coronal +plosive]
• > s / _*C[+coronal +fricative/affricate]
• > [ː~] / _{*ç, *ƶ}
• > th, ð otherwise

rȳthî - classify, categorize

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	ry̌thħar!	ry̌thyns!
2	ry̌th!	ry̌thyrs!	ry̌thyls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	ry̌thī	ry̌fdir	ry̌thma
1.in	-	ry̌thħare	ry̌thynse
2	ry̌thyr	ry̌thyrse	ry̌thylse
3/4.m	ry̌the	ry̌thir	ry̌thvi
3/4.f	ry̌this		ry̌fti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	rȳthýn	ry̌ssid	ry̌thmi
1.in	-	ry̌ftar	ry̌ftā
2	rȳthýr	ry̌thrith	ry̌thlith
3/4.m	ry̌ss	rȳsrí	rȳsví
3/4.f	ry̌ssar		rȳstí

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	rȳthî	rȳthyrdá	ry̌thmir
1.in	-	ry̌thħad	ry̌thynt
2	rȳthîr	ry̌thyrt	ry̌thylt
3/4.m	rȳthmá	rȳthirá	rȳthħá
3/4.f	rȳthisá		rȳftá

Velar stems

C[+plosive, +velar] > ch / _d/t/ŧ
g > c / _C[-voiced]

uogî - err, miss

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	ǔogħar!	ǔogyns!
2	ǔog!	ǔogyrs!	ǔogyls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	ǔogī	ǔochdir	ǔogma
1.in	-	ǔogħare	ǔogynse
2	ǔogyr	ǔogyrse	ǔogylse
3/4.m	ǔoge	ǔogir	ǔogvi
3/4.f	ǔogis		ǔochti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	uogýn	ǔocsid	ǔogmi
1.in	-	ǔochtar	ǔochtā
2	uogýr	ǔogrith	ǔoglith
3/4.m	ǔocs	uocsrí	uocsví
3/4.f	ǔocsar		uocstí

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	uogî	uogyrdá	ǔogmir
1.in	-	ǔogħad	ǔogynt
2	uogîr	uogyrt	ǔogylt
3/4.m	uogmá	uogirá	uogħá
3/4.f	uogisá		uochtá

Guttural stems

*ʔ-stems

*ʔ

• > [ː~] / V_CV
• > [~ː] / V_CC

hēseî - feel, emote

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	hēsêħar!	hēsêns!
2	hēsé!	hēsêrs!	hēsêls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	hēséī	hēséddir	hēsémma
1.in	-	hēsêħare	hēsênse
2	hēséyr	hēsêrse	hēsêlse
3/4.m	hēsé	hēséìr	hēsévvi
3/4.f	hēséìs		hēsétti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	hēseýn	hēséssid	hēsémmi
1.in	-	hēséttar	hēséttā
2	hēseýr	hēsérrith	hēséllith
3/4.m	hēséss	hēsēsrí	hēsēsví
3/4.f	hēséssar		hēsēstí

Future
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	hēseên	hēseêdir	hēseêma
1.in	-	hēseêħar	hēseênse
2	hēseêr	hēseêrse	hēseêlse
3/4.m	hēseê	hēseêri	hēseêvi
3/4.f	hêseêis		hêseêti

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	hēseî	hēsērdá	hēsémmir
1.in	-	hēsêħad	hēsênt
2	hēseîr	hēsêrt	hēsêlt
3/4.m	hēsemmá	hēseìrá	hēsēħá
3/4.f	hēseìsá		hēsettá

*{m, n, l, r}ʔ-stems

*{m, n, l, r}ʔ

• > mp, {n, l, r}t
• > m / _C[+labial +obstruent], {n, l, r} / _C[+coronal +obstruent]

híltî - imply, make transparent

Imperative
	Shílgular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	híltħar!	híltyns!
2	hílt!	híltyrs!	híltyls!

Present
	Shílgular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	híltī	híldir	híltma
1.in	-	híltħare	híltynse
2	híltyr	híltyrse	híltylse
3/4.m	hílte	híltir	híltvi
3/4.f	híltis		hílti

Past perfective
	Shílgular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	híltýn	hílsid	híltmi
1.in	-	híltar	híltā
2	híltýr	híltrith	híltlith
3/4.m	híls	hílsrí	hílsví
3/4.f	hílsar		hílstí

Jussive
	Shílgular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	híltî	híltyrdá	híltmir
1.in	-	híltħad	híltynt
2	híltîr	híltyrt	híltylt
3/4.m	híltmá	híltirá	híltħá
3/4.f	híltisá		híltá

h-stems

*{m, n, l, r}h-stems

*{m, n, l, r}h

• > mf, {n, l, r}th
• > m / _C[+labial +obstruent], {n, l, r} / _C[+coronal +obstruent]

inthî - lie (be in a supine position)

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	ínthħar!	ínthyns!
2	ínth!	ínthyrs!	ínthyls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	ínthī	índir	ínthma
1.in	-	ínthħare	ínthynse
2	ínthyr	ínthyrse	ínthylse
3/4.m	ínthe	ínthir	ínthvi
3/4.f	ínthis		ínti

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	inthýn	ínsid	ínthmi
1.in	-	íntar	íntā
2	inthýr	ínthrith	ínthlith
3/4.m	íns	insrí	insví
3/4.f	ínsar		instí

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	inthî	inthyrdá	ínthmir
1.in	-	ínthħad	ínthynt
2	inthîr	ínthyrt	ínthylt
3/4.m	inthmá	inthirá	inthħá
3/4.f	inthisá		intá

Irregular verbs

Suppletive verbs

Suppletive verbs have many monosyllabic forms; in order to compensate for the lack of tonal information other roots were grafted into their paradigms.

va̋cî - copula

Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.in	-	va̋cħar!	va̋cyns!
2	vâc!	va̋cyrs!	va̋cyls!

Present
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	(va̋cī)	(va̋chdir)	(va̋cma)
1.in	-	(va̋cħare)	(va̋cynse)
2	(va̋cyr)	(va̋cyrse)	(va̋cylse)
3/4.m	(va̋ce)	(va̋cir)	(va̋cvi)
3/4.f	(va̋cis)		(va̋chti)

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	ðín	ðírid	ðími
1.in	-	ðítar	ðítā
2	ðír	ðírith	ðílith
3/4.m	ðís	ðisrí	ðisví
3/4.f	ðísar		ðistí

Past perfective
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	ynðín	ynðírid	ynðími
1.in	-	ynðítar	ynðítā
2	ynðír	ynðírith	ynðílith
3/4.m	ynðís	ynðisrí	ynðisví
3/4.f	ynðísar		ynðistí

Jussive
	Singular	Dual	Plural
1.ex	va̋cî	va̋cyrdá	va̋cmir
1.in	-	va̋cħad	va̋cynt
2	va̋cîr	va̋cyrt	va̋cylt
3/4.m	va̋cmá	va̋cirá	va̋cħá
3/4.f	va̋cisá		va̋chtá

Reduplicating stems

These verbs are reflexes of monosyllabic verbs whose stem originally consisted of consonant clusters with no vowel and was subsequently reduplicated to accommodate tonal patterns. They comprise a few irregular verbs.