Proto-Hlou-Shum: Difference between revisions
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| Line 124: | Line 124: | ||
#''*q *χ'' > ''*ʡ *ħ'' | #''*q *χ'' > ''*ʡ *ħ'' | ||
#''*ʁ'' | #''*ʁ'' | ||
#*> ''ʕ'' except... | #*> ''*ʕ'' except... | ||
#*> '' | #*> ''*w'' / _C[+voiced] or _V[+close] | ||
#coronal obstruent + sibilant<sub>i</sub> > sibilant<sub>i</sub>sibilant<sub>i</sub> | #coronal obstruent + sibilant<sub>i</sub> > sibilant<sub>i</sub>sibilant<sub>i</sub> | ||
#CC[+resonant]{C, #} > CyC[+resonant]{C, #} | #CC[+resonant]{C, #} > CyC[+resonant]{C, #} | ||
#*Cyı{C, #} > Ci{C, #} | #*Cyı{C, #} > Ci{C, #} | ||
#CC[-resonant]C > CiC[-resonant]C | #CC[-resonant]C > CiC[-resonant]C | ||
#''ıy[ː]'' > ''i[ː]'' | #''*ıy[ː]'' > ''i[ː]'' | ||
#''z'' > ''r'' / V_C[-semivowel, +voiced, ~{/z/}] | #''*z'' > ''*r'' / V_C[-semivowel, +voiced, ~{/z/}] | ||
#''h'' > [ː~] / _C[+fricative] | #''*h'' > [ː~] / _C[+fricative] | ||
#''*ʔ'' | #''*ʔ'' | ||
#*> [ː~] / _C | #*> [ː~] / _C | ||
#*> 0 / otherwise | #*> 0 / otherwise | ||
#''*ʡ'' | #''*ʡ'' | ||
#*> ''ħ'' / _{''t'', ''ŧ''} | #*> ''ħ'' / _{''*t'', ''*ŧ''} | ||
[[Category:Diachronics]] | [[Category:Diachronics]] | ||
Revision as of 04:09, 2 April 2014
Proto-Talsmic phonology
Consonant inventory
| Proto-Talsmic reconstructed consonants | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||
| Nasal | *m | *n | ||||||
| Plosive | voiceless | *p | *t | *c | *k | *q | *ʔ | |
| voiced | *b | *d | *ɟ | *g | ||||
| aspirated | *pʰ | *tʰ | *cʰ | *kʰ | *qʰ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | *s | *ç | *h | ||||
| voiced | *z | *ƶ | *ʁ | |||||
| Approximant | *w | *j | ||||||
| Trill | *r | |||||||
| Lateral app. | *l | |||||||
/qʰ/ may have been realized as an affricate, [qχ].
Vocalic inventory
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | *i *ī | *u *ū | |
| Mid | *e *ē | *o *ō | |
| Open | *a *ā |
Phonological laws
- *qχ > *χ
- *kʰ cʰ tʰ pʰ > *x *ç *θ *ɸ, consecutively
- *ç *ƶ > *θ *ð
- *ʔ=ʔ > *ʔ
- *mʔ, *nʔ, *lʔ, *rʔ > mp, nt, lt, rt; *mh, *nh, *lh, *rh > mf, nth, lth, rth
- *nr > ndr, *lr > ldr
- c > ch / _{d, t, ŧ}
- *tk, *ck *tkʰ/ckʰ > cht, chŧ, cth
- *=ʔ > word-final tonic syllable
- *q *χ > *ʡ *ħ
- *ʁ
- > *ʕ except...
- > *w / _C[+voiced] or _V[+close]
- coronal obstruent + sibilanti > sibilantisibilanti
- CC[+resonant]{C, #} > CyC[+resonant]{C, #}
- Cyı{C, #} > Ci{C, #}
- CC[-resonant]C > CiC[-resonant]C
- *ıy[ː] > i[ː]
- *z > *r / V_C[-semivowel, +voiced, ~{/z/}]
- *h > [ː~] / _C[+fricative]
- *ʔ
- > [ː~] / _C
- > 0 / otherwise
- *ʡ
- > ħ / _{*t, *ŧ}