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'''Nanyse''', also called Lax-An or Ancestor's Tongue, is an old and dead language of the Dumun, the result of the melding of the Proto-Afroasiatic and Proto-Indoeuropean languages due to the enslavement of their speakers by the Byluza. Although it is no longer spoken, this language was the platform that the four current languages of the Dumun were built upon. A small, yet growing, movement has begun among the Jara to breathe new life into the language, but otherwise it is known only to scholars and historians.
'''Nanyse'''


----
[[Lax An]]
The Lax-An language (LA) is the linguistic reconstruction of a common ancestor of the first language spoken by those (Humans) first brought into (the Void). Scholars hypothesize that LA was the result of a merging of Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Afro-Asiatic languages and estimate that it was spoken as a simple language until (year) (era)
----
 
Scholars estimate that PIE may have been spoken as a single language (before divergence began) around 3500 BC, though estimates by different authorities can vary by more than a millennium. The most popular hypothesis for the origin and spread of the language is the Kurgan hypothesis, which postulates an origin in the Pontic-Caspian steppe of Eastern Europe.
 
The existence of PIE was first postulated in the 18th century by Sir William Jones, who observed the similarities between Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, and Latin. By the early 20th century, well-defined descriptions of PIE had been developed that are still accepted today (with some refinements). The largest developments of the 20th century have been the discovery of Anatolian and Tocharian languages and the acceptance of the laryngeal theory. The Anatolian languages have also spurred a major re-evaluation of theories concerning the development of various shared Indo-European language features and the extent to which these features were present in PIE itself.
 
PIE is thought to have had a complex system of morphology that included inflections (suffixing of roots, as in who, whom, whose), and ablaut (vowel alterations, as in sing, sang, sung). Nouns used a sophisticated system of declension and verbs used a similarly sophisticated system of conjugation.
 
Relationships to other language families, including the Uralic languages, have been proposed but remain controversial.
 
There is no written evidence of Proto-Indo-European, so all knowledge of the language is derived by reconstruction from later languages using linguistic techniques such as the comparative method and the method of internal reconstruction.
 
==Phonology==
 
 
PAA
a six-vowel system which consists of short /a/, /i/, /u/ and long /aa/, /ii/, /uu/;
voiced and voiceless pharyngeal fricatives;
a glottal stop that is used to distinguish word meaning;
a three-way contrast between voiced, voiceless, and emphatic consonants which may be realized as velarized, glottalized, pharyngealized, ejective, orimplosive.
use of semivowels /w/ and /j/ in the role of consonants.
 
PIE
Labiovelar consonants include [kw, gw, xw, ngw] which are pronounced like [k, g, x, ng] but with rounded lips.
Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate (the back part of the roof of the mouth, known also as the velum). They include [k, g, x, ng].
Palatovelar consonants are articulated with the back part of the tongue against the hard palate. They include [k', g', x', ng']. For example, [k'] is pronounced as the k in keen.
 
 
==Morphology==
 
==Syntax==
 
==Vocabulary==
 
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
|+Nanyse Vocabulary
|-
! Number !! Nanyse Word !! Nanyse Word Meaning !! Proto-Afroasiatic Word !! Proto-AA Word Meaning !! Proto-Indoeuropean Word !! Proto-IE Word Meaning
|-
| 1 || ama || I || ʾanā || I || me || I
|-
| 2 || atu || you (sing) || atta || you || túh₂ || you
|-
| 3 || hu || he || hú || he || * || *
|-
| 4 || weva || we || nəħna || we || wéy || we
|-
| 5 || uton || you (pl) || attōn || you || yū || you
|-
| 6 || hem || they || hum || they || * || *
|-
| 7 || kad || this || hāðē || this || kod || this
|-
| 8 || tad || that || hāhu || that || tód || that
|-
| 9 || una || here || hunā || here || * || *
|-
| 10 || unag || there || hunāka || there || * || *
|-
| 11 || manes || who || mannu || who || kʷis || who
|-
| 12 || mæ || what || mā || what || * || *
|-
| 13 || æge || where || ʾaykā || where || * || *
|-
| 14 || mofæ || when || mâθay || when || * || *
|-
| 15 || ægen || how || ʾaykan || how || * || *
|-
| 16 || na || not || ma || not || ne || not
|-
| 17 || dum || all || tVm || all || * || *
|-
| 18 || hal || many || HawVl || many || * || *
|-
| 19 || kalo || some || kmā || some || kaylo, solwo || some
|-
| 20 || adat || few || ḫədāṭ || few || * || *
|-
| 21 || ælfre || other || ʾaħér || other || h₂el-yó || other
|-
| 22 || vonu || one, 1 || ʾaħadu || one || (H)óynos || one
|-
| 23 || bwash || two, 2 || baʕiĉ̣ || two || dwóh₁ || two
|-
| 24 || xæyas || three, 3 || šalāš || three || tréyes || three
|-
| 25 || tworba || four, 4 || ʾarbaʿ || four || kʷetwóres || four
|-
| 26 || uben || five, 5 || ḫ/ḥup/bin || five || pénkʷe || five
|-
| 27 || kof || big || kabVr || big || * || *
|-
| 28 || lug || long || ĉaʔd || long || dluh₂gʰós || long
|-
| 29 || lefo || wide || rəħub || wide || * || *
|-
| 30 || fen || thick || ʿvīṭā || thick || bʰenǵʰ || thick
|-
| 31 || jalu || heavy || ɣaluč̣ || heavy || gʷer(h₂) || heavy
|-
| 32 || ges || small || kus || small || mey || small
|-
| 33 || regos || short || qâṣâr || short || mreǵʰú || short
|-
| 34 || henga || narrow || qatnu || narrow || h₂enǵʰ || narrow
|-
| 35 || tanus || thin || rVḳ || thin || ténh₂us || thin
|-
| 36 || gamen || female || ʔamin || woman || gʷḗn || woman
|-
| 37 || xero || male || ʒ/ǯa || man || wiHrós || man
|-
| 38 || manica || human being || ga/ič(-aʔ) || human being || mánus || human being
|-
| 39 || pewud || child || w/yVd || child || nepeh₃t || grandson/nephew
|-
| 40 || exo || wife || ʾiššâ || wife || snúsos || daugter-in-law
|-
| 41 || dawa || husband || ḥawVy || husband || *daywe || husband's brother
|-
| 42 || mame || mother || ʔVma || mother || méh₂tēr || mother
|-
| 43 || pape || father || bab || father || ph₂tḗr || father
|-
| 44 || onem || animal || ʕum-ʕam || animal || * || *
|-
| 45 || ku || fish || bus || fish || dʰǵʰu || fish
|-
| 46 || sewa || bird || sabaḥ || bird || h₂éwis || bird
|-
| 47 || kor || dog || kayar || dog || ḱwṓ || dog
|-
| 48 || nyn || louse || ʔint || louse || knid || louse
|-
| 49 || sefan || snake || sVf || snake || h₂engwi || snake
|-
| 50 || rom || worm || dVm || worm || wr̥mi || worm
|-
| 51 || dowu || tree || rVwVy || tree || dóru || tree
|-
| 52 || cur || forest || suʕVr || forest || * || *
|-
| 53 || gadso || stick || guʕad || stick || ǵhasto || stick
|-
| 54 || bar || fruit || pi/ar || fruit || * || *
|-
| 55 || xel || seed || či/ul || seed || * || *
|-
| 56 || sep || leaf || ĉap || leaf || * || *
|-
| 57 || sera || root || ĉVr || root || wréh₂ds || root
|-
| 58 || gog || bark || ḳaw(ḳ) || bark of tree || * || *
|-
| 59 || umpa || flower || ʔanbab || flower || * || *
|-
| 60 || sæn || grass || sayam || grass || koino || grass
|-
| 61 || sul || rope || sur || rope || * || *
|-
| 62 || ape || skin || ʔad-Vm || skin || pel || skin
|-
| 63 || mex || meat || fVʔ || meat || mēms || meat
|-
| 64 || exa || blood || dam || blood || h₁ésh₂r̥ || blood
|-
| 65 || gas || bone || ḳ(ʷ)as || bone || kost || bone
|-
| 66 || taru || fat || pidar || fat || smeru || fat
|-
| 67 || zaho || egg || sawVḥ || egg || h₂ōwyóm || egg
|-
| 68 || ko || horn || ḳar || horn || koru || horn
|-
| 69 || ce || tail || č̣ihr || tail || * || *
|-
| 70 || sa || feather || ŝakʷ || feather || * || *
|-
| 71 || fol || hair || sVʔVm || hair || pulh₂ || hair
|-
| 72 || kal || head || gVl(gVl) || head || kaput || head
|-
| 73 || os || ear || sim || ear || h₂ows || ear
|-
| 74 || æhuk || eye || ʕayVn || eye || h₃ekʷ || eye
|-
| 75 || nyha || nose || naḫVr || nose || hnéh₂s || nose
|-
| 76 || efas || mouth || ʔa-pay || mouth || h₁oh₁s || mouth
|-
| 77 || adus || tooth || kV(ʔ)Vs || tooth || h₃dónts || tooth
|-
| 78 || lax || tongue || lis || tongue || dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s || tongue
|-
| 79 || nak || fingernail || gu/iĉ || fingernail || h₃nógʰ(r)o || fingernail
|-
| 80 || gob || foot || ĉayṗ || foot || pṓds || foot
|-
| 81 || rosgo || leg || wa(ʕ)r || leg || kroksko || leg
|-
| 82 || kena || knee || g(ʷ)inʒ || knee || ǵónu || knee
|-
| 83 || tæpa || hand || ṭapiḥ || hand || man || hand
|-
| 84 || gam || wing || ganVḥ || wing || * || *
|-
| 85 || hudu || belly || hun || belly || udero || belly
|-
| 86 || yta || guts || * || * || eh₁ter || guts
|-
| 87 || gad || neck || ḳard || neck || mon || neck
|-
| 88 || ya || back || yiʔ || back || * || *
|-
| 89 || sdam || breast || ʔa-nwan || breast || psten || breast
|-
| 90 || kyl || heart || li/ubb || heart || ḱḗr || heart
|-
| 91 || ehywa || liver || tiraw/ʔ || liver || yeh₁kwr̥ || liver
|-
| 92 || ag || drink || ʕab || drink || h₁egʷʰ || to drink
|-
| 93 || ed || eat || birVh || eat || h₁ed || to eat
|-
| 94 || kek || bite || ḳVḳ || bite || denḱ || to bite
|-
| 95 || ok || suck || ni/uḳ || suck || dʰeh₁(i) || to suck
|-
| 96 || pyx || spit || pičw || to spit || sp(y)eu || to spit
|-
| 97 || gen || vomit || ḳ(ʷ)VʔVʕ || vomit || wem || to vomit
|-
| 98 || sewe || blow || fiwaq || blow || weh₁ || to blow
|-
| 99 || nuse || breathe || nVsVp || breathe || pneu || to breathe
|-
| 100 || mi || laugh || * || * || (s)mei || to laugh
|-
| 101 || no || see || naʔ || see || weyd || to see
|-
| 102 || glu || hear || * || * || ḱlew || to hear
|-
| 103 || ewa || know || siwan || know || ǵneh₃ || to know
|-
| 104 || rag || think || lak || think || tong || to think
|-
| 105 || senæ || smell || sVn || smell || h₃ed || to smell
|-
| 106 || fure || fear || furVh || fear || * || *
|-
| 107 || wam || sleep || wiʕan || sleep || drem || to sleep
|-
| 108 || gew || live || gir || live || gʷeiH₃w || to live
|-
| 109 || mat || die || mawVt || die || mer || to die
|-
| 110 || ken || kill || ɣVwar || kill || gʷʰen || to kill
|-
| 111|| lam || fight || laḥm || fight || * || *
|-
| 112 || xohe || hunt || c̣ayad || hunt || * || *
|-
| 113 || ple || hit || nig(ʕ) || strike || pleh₂k || to hit
|-
| 114 || tag || cut || dac || cut || * || *
|-
| 115 || fedak || split || fVṭVḳ || split || * || *
|-
| 116 || taka || stab || dagwaṣa || stab || * || *
|-
| 117 || kolb || scratch || ʔakul || scratch || gerbʰ || to scratch
|-
| 118 || hot || dig || hut || dig || * || *
|-
| 119 || nehu || swim || nVbVy || swim || néh₂-u || to swim
|-
| 120 || per || fly || pVr || fly || pet || to fly
|-
| 121 || krod || walk || ŝVʔŝVʔ || walk || gʰredʰ || to walk
|-
| 122 || jam || come || may || come || gʷem || to come
|-
| 123 || lek || lie || * || * || legʰ || to lie
|-
| 124 || sdes || sit || tis || sit || sed || to sit
|-
| 125 || sta || stand|| ĉawVʔ || stand || steh₂ || to stand
|-
| 126 || han || turn || ʕVn || turn || * || *
|-
| 127 || de || fall || diḥ || fall || * || *
|-
| 128 || bela || give || barVʕ || give || deh₃ || to give
|-
| 129 || sek || hold || kum || hold || segʰ || to hold
|-
| 130 || xad || squeeze || ĉVḥaṭ || squeeze || * || *
|-
| 131 || male || rub || ʕVruk || rub || melh₁ || to rub
|-
| 132 || lew || wash || waʕab || wash || leh₂w || to wash
|-
| 133 || fet || wipe || fVtt || wipe || * || *
|-
| 134 || ta || pull || ʔitaḥ || pull || * || *
|-
| 135 || tu || push || tur || push || * || *
|-
| 136 || fep || throw || ĉVl || throw || swep || to throw
|-
| 137 || kanu || tie || ḳanVw || tie || * || *
|-
| 138 || syhup || sew || ʕVḳVp || sew || syuh₁ || to sew
|-
| 139 || ud || count || ʕud || count || * || *
|-
| 140 || ka || say || kaw || say || * || *
|-
| 141 || gan || sing || gaʔ || sing || kan || to sing
|-
| 142 || reh || play || riw || play || * || *
|-
| 143 || daf || float || ṭaf || float || * || *
|-
| 144 || balal || flow || bVl(Vl) || flow || * || *
|-
| 145 || gerex || freeze || ḳVrVs || freeze || * || *
|-
| 146 || ba || swell || bVʕ || swell || * || *
|-
| 147 || azo || sun || ʔaǯ || sun || sóh₂wl̥ || sun
|-
| 148 || mehyn || moon || ḳiḥ || moon || mḗh₁n̥s || moon
|-
| 149 || estyr || star || suhw || star || h₂stḗr || star
|-
| 150 || ma || water || maʔ || water || h₂ekʷeh₂ || water
|-
| 151 || mun || rain || buʕun || rain || h₂ekmon || rain
|-
| 152 || ekæ || river || siw/ʔVn || river || h₂ekw-eh₂ || river
|-
| 153 || hep || lake || wVʕVr || lake || h₂ep || lake
|-
| 154 || eam || sea || yam || sea || * || *
|-
| 155 || ham || salt || ḥamʕ/ʔ || salt || sal || salt
|-
| 156 || akmo || stone || ḥak || stone || h₂ekmon || stone
|-
| 157 || bor || sand || bur || sand || * || *
|-
| 158 || fæ || dust || fay/ʔ || sand || pers || dust
|-
| 159 || aric || earth || ʔariĉ̣ || earth || dʰéǵʰōm || earth
|-
| 160 || næbo || cloud || ɣay/wb || cloud || nébʰos || cloud
|-
| 161 || snuf || fog || luf || fog || sneudh || fog
|-
| 162 || ra || sky || raw || sky || * || *
|-
| 163 || sawa || wind || sa(w/yV)ḥ || wind || ḱewero || wind
|-
| 164 || sne || snow || * || * || sneigwh || snow
|-
| 165 || ek || ice || * || * || yeg || ice
|-
| 166 || damo || smoke || daʕar || smoke || dʰuh₁mós || smoke
|-
| 167 || jer || fire || gir || fire || h₁égnis || fire
|-
| 168 || jur || ash || gur || ash || h₃és-i || ash
|-
| 169 || yr || burn || ʔu/ir || burn || swel || to burn
|-
| 170 || pan || road || darib || road || pent || road
|-
| 171 || wur || mountain || ḫurs || mountain || gʷerh₃ || mountain
|-
| 172 || ton || red || dVm || red || h₁rewdʰós || red
|-
| 173 || ureg || green || wVraḳ || green || * || *
|-
| 174 || kam || yellow || caḥm || yellow || k(e)nhkos || yellow
|-
| 175 || abos || white || c̣aḥ || white || h₂elbʰós || white
|-
| 176 || cem || black || č̣ilam || black || h₂ems || black
|-
| 177 || nake || night || naw/yn || night || nókʷts || night
|-
| 178 || era || day || hVraw/y || day || h₂eǵh || day
|-
| 179 || san || year || san || year || yeHr || year
|-
| 180 || sers || warm || sirVf || warm || tep || warm
|-
| 181 || juwa || cold || ḥVwas || cold || gel || cold
|-
| 182 || uro || full || ḫVr || full || pl̥h₁nós || full
|-
| 183 || mæho || new || may/ʔ || new || néwos || new
|-
| 184 || hasen || old || yas || old || senh₁ó || old
|-
| 185 || mor || good || mVr || good || h₁su || good
|-
| 186 || awab || bad || yaway || bad || h₂wap || bad
|-
| 187 || pog || rotten || buḳ || be rotten || * || *
|-
| 188 || sud || dirty || suʔit || be dirty || * || *
|-
| 189 || ysar || straight || yasar || straight || * || *
|-
| 190 || topol || round || dVbVl || round || * || *
|-
| 191 || zed || sharp || ħadd || sharp || h₂eḱ || sharp
|-
| 192 || bwado || dull || pVṭVs || flatten || * || *
|-
| 193 || elak || smooth || ḥalaḳ || be smooth || * || *
|-
| 194 || eda || wet || daʔ || wet || wed || wet
|-
| 195 || tuz || dry || kVʒ || dry || ters || dry
|-
| 196 || maro || correct || marVʕ || be true || * || *
|-
| 197 || kærf || near || qâróv || near || * || *
|-
| 198 || we || far || way || far || wi || far
|-
| 199 || delum || right || walyam || right || deḱs || right
|-
| 200 || xewas || left || šimāl || left || sewyós || left
|-
| 201 || apy || at || ba || at || opi || at
|-
| 202 || pen || in || bi || in || (h₁?)en || in
|-
| 203 || be || with || bi || with || pe || with
|-
| 204 || kwa || and || wa || and || kʷe || and
|-
| 205 || am || if || ʾim, || if || * || *
|-
| 206 || bedal || because || biğlal || because || * || *
|-
| 207 || xynam || name || sim || name || h₁nómn̥ || name
|-
| * || an || ancestor || * || * || h₂en- || ancestor
|-
| * || dedar || brother || di/ad || brother || bʰréh₂tēr || brother
|-
| * || sesar || sister || si/ut || sister || swésōr || sister
|-
| * || zanu || son || ʒ/ǯaʔ || son || suHnús || son
|-
| * || date || daughter || si/ut || daughter || dʰugh₂tḗr || daughter
|-
| * || * || * || * || * || * || *
|-
| * || * || * || * || * || * || *
|-
| * || * || * || * || * || * || *
|}
 
 
[[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:A posteriori]]

Revision as of 07:56, 28 April 2014


Nanyse

Lax An

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