Ašča: Difference between revisions
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====Weak vowel verbs==== | ====Weak vowel verbs==== | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | ||
|+ ''''' | |+ '''''pedzuwa'' 'I educate'''' | ||
! voice !! tense || ''ga'' || ''si'' || ''ot/otia'' || ''šam'' || ''šatь'' || ''oty/ote'' | ! voice !! tense || ''ga'' || ''si'' || ''ot/otia'' || ''šam'' || ''šatь'' || ''oty/ote'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="8" |active !! present indicative | ! rowspan="8" |active !! present indicative | ||
| '' | | ''pedzuwa'' || ''pedzujis'' || ''pedzuji'' || ''pedzum'' || ''pedzutь'' || ''pedzuš'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! present subjunctive | ! present subjunctive | ||
| '' | | ''pedzujo'' || ''pedzujas'' || ''pedzuja'' || ''pedzujam'' || ''pedzujatь'' || ''pedzujaš'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! past indicative | ! past indicative | ||
| '' | | ''pedzuka'' || ''pedzukas'' || ''pedzuč'' || ''pedzukam'' || ''pedzukatь'' || ''pedzukaš'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! past subjunctive | ! past subjunctive | ||
| '' | | ''pedzukajo'' || ''pedzukajas'' || ''pedzukaja'' || ''pedzukajam'' || ''pedzukajatь'' || ''pedzukajaš'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! imperative | ! imperative | ||
| ''-'' || '' | | ''-'' || ''pedzuj!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''pedzutь!'' || ''-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! infinitive | ! infinitive | ||
|colspan="6"| '' | |colspan="6"| ''pedzun'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! past infinitive | ! past infinitive | ||
|colspan="6"| '' | |colspan="6"| ''pedzučne'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! participle | ! participle | ||
|colspan="6"| '' | |colspan="6"| ''pedzuwota, pedzusa'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="8"| | !colspan="8"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="8" |passive !! present indicative | ! rowspan="8" |passive !! present indicative | ||
| '' | | ''pedzume'' || ''pedzuse'' || ''pedzute'' || ''pedzunta'' || ''pedzustь'' || ''pedzuwote'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! present subjunctive | ! present subjunctive | ||
| '' | | ''pedzuwime'' || ''pedzuwise'' || ''pedzuwite'' || ''pedzuwintha'' || ''pedzuwistь'' || ''pedzuwijote'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! past indicative | ! past indicative | ||
| '' | | ''pedzuthia'' || ''pedzuthias'' || ''pedzuthiač'' || ''pedzuthiam'' || ''pedzuthiatь'' || ''pedzuthiaš'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! past subjunctive | ! past subjunctive | ||
| '' | | ''pedzuthiajo'' || ''pedzuthiajas'' || ''pedzuthiaja'' || ''pedzuthiajam'' || ''pedzuthiajatь'' || ''pedzuthiajaš'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! imperative | ! imperative | ||
| ''-'' || '' | | ''-'' || ''pedzuse!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''pedzustь!'' || ''-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! infinitive | ! infinitive | ||
|colspan="6"| '' | |colspan="6"| ''pedzusthe'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! past infinitive | ! past infinitive | ||
|colspan="6"| '' | |colspan="6"| ''pedzuthiane'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! participle | ! participle | ||
|colspan="6"| '' | |colspan="6"| ''pedzumien, pedzumnia'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 21:17, 14 March 2021
Modern Attic (Ašča glasatь /aʃtʃa glasatʲ/ or Aščatь) is a Hellenic language aesthetically inspired by Slavic languages and Romani.
Todo
Khierietь holy, onmatot mu jestь Dong Bin Choi. Dza in Phieladielphji kie spudadza mathьmatčatь.
Use a version of ruki (just "rui")
Homlia pi agapiatь kie miesot. 'I speak of love and hate.'
Khierь! (2sg)/Khierietь! (2pl) = 'Hello!'
Jukharstia! = 'Thank you!'
Sioniamie = 'Sorry.'
Ar homlias in.../Ar homliatь in... = 'Do you speak...'
Ukhomlia in atkat. = 'I don't speak Atkat.'
Agapawa sie. = 'I love you.'
Phonology (Phthongolodža)
Stress
Stress is always penultimate.
Morphology (Morpholodža)
Pronouns (Diaoniemie)
Personal (Prosapče diaoniemie)
case | 1sg. | 2sg. | 3sg. | 1pl. | 2pl. | 3pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m. | f. | m. | f. | |||||
nom. | ga | si | ot | otia | šam | šatь | oty | ote |
gen. | mu | su | tu | ti | šamo | šatio | to | to |
acc. | mie | sie | tut | tutia | šama | šatia | tuty | tute |
Nouns (Usiastky)
Feminine declension
mačha - war | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | mačha | mačhatь | mačhe | mačhet |
Genitive | mačhi | mačhitь | mačho | mačhoto |
glasa - language | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | glasa | glasatь | glase | glaset |
Genitive | glasy | glasytь | glaso | glasoto |
poltja - state (polity) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | poltja | poltjatь | poltje | poltjet |
Genitive | poltji | poltjitь | poltjo | poltjoto |
criega - wing | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | criega | criegatь | criege | crieget |
Genitive | criegi | criegitь | criego | criegoto |
Masculine o-declension
othrap - human | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | othrap | othrapot | othrapy | othrapyt |
Genitive | othrapu | othraput | othrapo | othrapoto |
dar - gift | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | dar | darot | dary | daryt |
Genitive | daru | darut | daro | daroto |
Masculine consonant declension
odra - man | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | odra | odrat | oderь | odriet |
Genitive | oder | odrot | odro | odroto |
Adjectives (Piethiety)
1st/2nd declension (-os/-ē)
liuk - white | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
Nominative | liuk | liuča | liuky | liuče |
Genitive | liuku | liuči | liuko | liučo |
-i adjectives
(adjectives from AG -ēs/-ēs/-es)
judžni - noble | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
Nominative | judžni | judžni | judžni | judžni |
Genitive | judžnu | judžnu | judžno | judžno |
Prepositions (Prothiesie)
- na (gen.) = dative
- in (gen.) = in
- pro (acc.) = towards (a place)
Verbs (Riamaty)
Verbs have two principal parts: the present stem and the past stem. Many verbs take the suffix -k- in the past active tense, but some verbs do not.
Negative prefix: u- (before a consonant other than h); uk- or uč- (otherwise)
- pezuji = 3sg educates; upezuji = 3sg does not educate
- agapaji = 3sg loves; ukagapaji = 3sg does not love
- isaži = it imports; učisaži = it does not import
Weak vowel verbs
voice | tense | ga | si | ot/otia | šam | šatь | oty/ote |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active | present indicative | pedzuwa | pedzujis | pedzuji | pedzum | pedzutь | pedzuš |
present subjunctive | pedzujo | pedzujas | pedzuja | pedzujam | pedzujatь | pedzujaš | |
past indicative | pedzuka | pedzukas | pedzuč | pedzukam | pedzukatь | pedzukaš | |
past subjunctive | pedzukajo | pedzukajas | pedzukaja | pedzukajam | pedzukajatь | pedzukajaš | |
imperative | - | pedzuj! | - | - | pedzutь! | - | |
infinitive | pedzun | ||||||
past infinitive | pedzučne | ||||||
participle | pedzuwota, pedzusa | ||||||
passive | present indicative | pedzume | pedzuse | pedzute | pedzunta | pedzustь | pedzuwote |
present subjunctive | pedzuwime | pedzuwise | pedzuwite | pedzuwintha | pedzuwistь | pedzuwijote | |
past indicative | pedzuthia | pedzuthias | pedzuthiač | pedzuthiam | pedzuthiatь | pedzuthiaš | |
past subjunctive | pedzuthiajo | pedzuthiajas | pedzuthiaja | pedzuthiajam | pedzuthiajatь | pedzuthiajaš | |
imperative | - | pedzuse! | - | - | pedzustь! | - | |
infinitive | pedzusthe | ||||||
past infinitive | pedzuthiane | ||||||
participle | pedzumien, pedzumnia |
voice | tense | ga | si | ot/otia | šam | šatь | oty/ote |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active | present indicative | agapawa | agapajis | agapaji | agapam | agapatь | agapaš |
present subjunctive | agapajo | agapajas | agapaja | agapajam | agapajatь | agapajaš | |
past indicative | agapiaka | agapiakas | agapiač | agapiakam | agapiakatь | agapiakaš | |
past subjunctive | agapiakajo | agapiakajas | agapiakaja | agapiakajam | agapiakajatь | agapiakajaš | |
imperative | - | agapaj! | - | - | agapatь! | - | |
infinitive | agapan | ||||||
past infinitive | agapiačne | ||||||
participle | agapawota, agapasa | ||||||
passive | present indicative | agapame | agapase | agapate | agapanta | agapastь | agapawote |
present subjunctive | agapawime | agapawise | agapawite | agapawintha | agapawistь | agapawijote | |
past indicative | agapiathia | agapiathias | agapiathiač | agapiathiam | agapiathiatь | agapiathiaš | |
past subjunctive | agapiathiajo | agapiathiajas | agapiathiaja | agapiathiajam | agapiathiajatь | agapiathiajaš | |
imperative | - | agapase! | - | - | agapastь! | - | |
infinitive | agapasthe | ||||||
past infinitive | agapiathiane | ||||||
participle | agapamien, agapamnia |
Weak consonant verbs
šurška 'find'
- Pres. act. ind.: šurška, šurščis, šuršči, šurškom, šurščetь, šurškuš
- Pres. act. subj.: šurščan, šurščas, šuršča, šurščam, šurščatь, šurščaš
- Past act.: šuriaka, šuriakas, šuriač, šuriakam, šuriakatь, šuriakaš
- Past act. subj.: šuriakajan, šuriakajas, šuriakaja, šuriakajam, šuriakajatь, šuriakajaš
- Pres. pass. ind.: šurškme, šurščese, šurščete, šurškontha, šurščestь, šurškote
- Pres. pass. subj.: šurškime, šurškise, šurškite, šurškintha, šurškistь, šurškijote
- Past pass. ind.: šuriathia, šuriathias, šuriathiač, šuriathiam, šuriathiatь, šuriathiaš
- Past pass. subj.: šuriathiajan, šuriathiajas, šuriathiaja, šuriathiajam, šuriathiajatь, šuriathiajaš
- Active participle: šurškota, šurškusa (m/f)
- Passive participle: šurškomien, šurškomnia (m/f)
Strong verbs
Irregular verbs
ine 'be'
- Present: im, is, jestь, smie, stie, iš
- 'Negative forms: učim, učis, učestь, ušmie, uštie, učiš
- Subjunctive: ijo, ijas, ija, ijam, ijatь, ijaš
- Past: jaka, jakas, jač, jakam, jakatь, jakaš
- Participle: ijota, ijusa
Syntax (Siotachia)
'To have'
- Jestь na mu mial.
- be.3SG.PRES to/for 1SG.GEN apple
- I have an apple.
Conjunctions
- jo = if