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==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
Revision as of 23:03, 19 December 2021
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Grammar
- SVO or SOV
- Both prefixing and suffixing
- cases and Suffixaufnahme; not Altaic
- stem changes in nouns (like Uralic)
- polypersonal verbs
- aspect rather than tense
- mood inflections for verbs
Pronouns
1st pers. *t, 2nd pers. *p
Nouns
Corded Ware had suffixes for noun cases; however there was no separate accusative case.
Plurals were often (usually?) marked by stem change.
Declension of *isqal = child
- nominative: isqal(lë), esqal(lë)
- genitive: isqalef, esqalef
- locative
- adessive
- ablative
- allative
- instrumental
- comitative
- essive
- translative
- vocative
Verbs
Verbs had the following template:
object-STEM-aspect-subject-mood
Aspects
- fanhu-t = 'I called' (perfective)
- fanhu-rra-t = 'I often calls/used to call' (habitual)
- fanhu-kë-t = 'I am/was calling' (progressive)
Personal
Subject:
- tërrë-0-t = 'I stood'
- tërrë-0-p = '2sg stood'
- tërrë-0-0 = '3sg stood'
- tërrë-0-ntë = 'we stood'
- tërrë-0-mpë = '2pl stood'
- tërrë-0-lë = 'they stood'
Object (for transitives)
- të-fanhu-0 = '3sg called me'
- pë-fanhu-0 = '3sg called 2sg'
- në-fanhu-0 = '3sg called 3sg'
- tul-fanhu-0 = '3sg called us'
- pul-fanhu-0 = '3sg called 2pl'
- nël-fanhu-0 = '3sg called them'