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| suakk(e) || Attitudunal|| Particle indicating strong disgust, best translated as "That is is sooooo gross!", but depending on context can also convey, "I find what you are/did is totally reprehensible", or "That's stupid" | | suakk(e) || Attitudunal|| Particle indicating strong disgust, best translated as "That is is sooooo gross!", but depending on context can also convey, "I find what you are/did is totally reprehensible", or "That's stupid" | ||
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| (na')inna|| Connective|| | | (na')inna|| Connective|| Particle recalling what the speaker immediately said previously to segue into a new statement, sometimes translated as "You know" but better "As you recall what I just said..." | ||
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| šukna|| Empathy|| | | šukna|| Empathy|| Particle used by the speaker indicating sympathy to the listener for what the listener has said | ||
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| ahātu|| Connective|| “therefore, thus” | | ahātu|| Connective|| “therefore, thus” | ||
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| ra'e|| Confirmatory - Expective || | | ra'e|| Confirmatory - Expective || Particle indicating that the speaker expects the listener to agree what the speaker just said | ||
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| wāš|| Exclamatory Interjection|| | | wāš|| Exclamatory Interjection|| Particle indicating (usually) pleasant surprise. It also a clitic form that is affixed to a verb | ||
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| naxt(a)|| Dissent/Disagreement|| Particle indicating strong disagreement; often used as a counterargument to “ra'e” | | naxt(a)|| Dissent/Disagreement|| Particle indicating strong disagreement; often used as a counterargument to “ra'e” | ||
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| se(ħ) || Interruptive-Disapproval|| | | se(ħ) || Interruptive-Disapproval|| Particle indicating mild disapproval of a person's statement or behavior | ||
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| hamman || Dissent/Interruptive-Disapproval|| Another Interruptive particle, used to convey strong dissent | | hamman || Dissent/Interruptive-Disapproval|| Another Interruptive particle, used to convey strong dissent | ||
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| hayye || Prompt|| | | hayye || Prompt|| Particle used to elicit a response | ||
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| kay || Emphatic-Assertive || | | kay || Emphatic-Assertive || Particle indicating the speaker's statement is beyond question | ||
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| mek|| Deferential|| | | mek|| Deferential|| Particle used to soften an assertion or a command | ||
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| tana || Deferential-Confirmatory|| | | tana || Deferential-Confirmatory|| Particle of politeness, used to gently confirm that the listener agrees with what the speaker said | ||
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| suš, surušši|| Connective - Dissent/Disagreemen/Interruptive|| | | suš, surušši|| Connective - Dissent/Disagreemen/Interruptive|| Particle of contradiction, brings to the foreground what the listener had previously said, and now the speaker is presenting a rebuttal to said statement. This is both an Interruptive and Connective particle | ||
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| kaddāħ|| Emphatic Attitudunal-Dissent/Disagreement|| | | kaddāħ|| Emphatic Attitudunal-Dissent/Disagreement|| Particle indicating strong dislike of the listener as a result of previous statements by the listener. Oftentimes translated as “You idiot!”, or even “Fuck you!”. | ||
Be VERY careful when using this particle!!! | Be VERY careful when using this particle!!! |
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