Corrádi: Difference between revisions

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| Kanzorél || Fresh Water || Gaenðyl || Kenzor || Kuznur
| Kanzorél || Fresh Water || Gaenðyl || Kenzor || Kuznur
|-
|-
| Azator || Orchard || Azdor || Ezdür || Kaykarayumbāt ("A Great Stand of Trees")
| Azator || Orchard || Azdor || Ezdür || Qayqarayumbāt ("A Great Stand of Trees")
|-
|-
| Aeredon || Overlook  || Aerðyn || Erdün || Siħy ("Advantageous view from a higher elevation for the purpose of attack")
| Aeredon || Overlook  || Aerðyn || Erdün || Siħyanki ("Advantageous view from a higher elevation for the purpose of attack")
|-
|-
| Nemkil || Corner || Naengileð || Kotash ("Meeting Place") || Xunnaš ("Rough Ground")
| Nemkil || Corner || Naengileð || Kotash ("Meeting Place") || Xunnaš ("Rough Ground")
|-
|-
| Ketra || Split || Girédra || Ketra || Kirāt
| Ketra || Split || Girédra || Ketra || Qirāt
|-
|-
| Karhō || Crossroads || Karhon || Oyür ("Ridgeline") || Qarħaq ("Sinew, thread")
| Karhō || Crossroads || Karhon || Oyür ("Ridgeline") || Qarħaq ("Sinew, thread")
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| Nargoi || Rivers Bend || Nergoïs || Nargoy || Narrūy
| Nargoi || Rivers Bend || Nergoïs || Nargoy || Narrūy
|-
|-
| Verhális || West Wind || Verhális || Okyur ("Windy") ||  Ukkūr
| Verhális || West Wind || Verhális || Okyur ("Windy") ||  Uqqūr
|-
|-
| Anthō/Aenthō || Fortress || Aeyaţin || Ansha || Nināha
| Anthō/Aenthō || Fortress || Aeyaţin || Ansha || Nināha
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|-
|-
! Most
! Most
| ayra
| aeira
| ayran
| aeiran
|-
|-
! Some
! Some
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==Determiners==
==Determiners==
Determiners perform several functions in Corrádi.  Before NPs, they mark the subject argument of a copula before its complement.   
Determiners perform several functions in Corrádi.  Before NPs, they mark the subject argument of a copula before its complement.  The principal determiner is ''im'', although another particle ''zan'', appears in rare occurrences.  There is no apparent difference between the particles, though some scholars speculate that ''zan'' may be an archaism.


{{Gloss
{{Gloss
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| style="text-align:center"| doion
| style="text-align:center"| doion
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center"| terien
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center"| terien
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"| taris
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"| varis
| style="text-align:center" | varien
| style="text-align:center" | varien
|-
|-
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Future: auxiliary ''mar'' + null-marked 3S verb
Future: auxiliary ''mar'' + null-marked 3S verb


=== Present Tense ===
==== Present Tense ====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
|-
|-
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|}
|}


=== Past Tense ===
==== Past Perfective Tense ====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
|-
|-
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|-
|-
! 1st
! 1st
| style="text-align:center"| dor<u>anza</u>, dor<u>anz</u> <ref>Second form used if followed by noun with initial.</ref>
| style="text-align:center"| dor<u>anza</u>, dor<u>anz</u> <ref>Second form used if followed by noun with initial vowel.</ref>
| style="text-align:center"| dor<u>anzi</u>, dor<u>anz</u>
| style="text-align:center"| dor<u>anzi</u>, dor<u>anz</u>
| colspan="2" style="background-color:black"| dark
| colspan="2" style="background-color:black"| dark
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|-
|-
! 3rd
! 3rd
| style="text-align:center"| dor<ref>Null marking preferred if recoverable from context.</ref>, doranz aia, doranza neida<ref>Second form seems to be preferred when ''aia'' occurs in the same or preceding clause.</ref>
| style="text-align:center"| doranz aia, doranza neida<ref>Second form seems to be preferred when ''aia'' occurs in the same or preceding clause.</ref>
| style="text-align:center"| dor<u>anzi<u>
| style="text-align:center"| dor<u>anzi<u>
| colspan="2" style="background-color:black"| dark
| colspan="2" style="background-color:black"| dark
|-
|-
! 3rd Indefinite/Formal<ref>When used to refer to an indefinite subject, ''nani'' may be dropped.  As a deferential form, however, its use is obligatory.</ref>
! 3rd Indefinite/Formal<ref>When used to refer to an indefinite subject, ''nani'' may be dropped.  As a deferential form, however, its use is obligatory.</ref>
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center"| doranza nani
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center"| doranza nani
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center"| dor nan<u>í</u>
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center"| doranza naní
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center"| dor<u>á</u> nan<u>í</u>
|-
|}
 
==== Past Imperfective Tense ====
The past imperfective tense, based on the perfective, is formed by appending the clitic ''-ata'' or one of its other allomorphs to the last term of the verb phrase:
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
|-
! &nbsp;
! colspan="2"|Indicative
! colspan="2"|Imperative
! colspan="2"|Conjunctive
|-
! Person<ref>With the exception of the 3rd Formal form, pro-drop occurs frequently regardless of whether the verb form receives person marking or not. In fact it is obligatory when an embedded clause is coreferential with the subject of the prior clause.  Pivot is S/A.</ref>
! Sg
! Pl
! Sg
! Pl
! Sg
! Pl
|-
! 1st
| style="text-align:center"| doranza<u>ta</u>
| style="text-align:center"| doranzi<u>ata</u>, doranz<u>ata</u>
| colspan="2" style="background-color:black"| dark
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center"|doranz<u>ata</u><ref>Notice that both the past perfective and past imperfective forms are the same for the first person conjunctive forms.</ref>
|-
! 2nd
| style="text-align:center"| doranza ron<u>ta</u>
| style="text-align:center"| doranz aire<u>ta</u>
| style="text-align:center"| doranza<u>ta</u>
| style="text-align:center"| doranzi<u>ta</u>
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"| doranzi<u>ta</u>
|-
! 3rd
| style="text-align:center"| doranz ai<u>ta</u>, doranza neida<u>ta</u>
| style="text-align:center"| doranzi<u>ta</u>
| colspan="2" style="background-color:black"| dark
|-
! 3rd Indefinite/Formal<ref>When used to refer to an indefinite subject, ''nani'' may be dropped.  As a deferential form, however, its use is obligatory.</ref>
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center"| doranza náni<u>ta</u>
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center"| doranza naní<u>ta</u>
|-
|}
|}


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=Syntax=
=Syntax=
==Constituent order==
==Constituent order==
Corradi is a VSO language, although the position of the verb can vary, yielding SVO and SOV orders.  The relative  position of the subject to the object is stricter: the object may precede the subject only if topicalized by the particle ''na''.  Possessums precede their possessor, and whilst adjectives follow their noun heads.
Corradi is a VSO language, although the position of the verb can vary, yielding SVO and SOV orders.  The relative  position of the subject to the object is stricter: the object may precede the subject only if topicalized by the particle ''na''.  Possessums precede their possessor, whilst adjectives follow their noun heads.


==Noun phrase==
==Noun phrase==
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=Example texts=
=Example texts=
{{Gloss
{{Gloss
|phrase = Doranz Amzig Míoren danta conzi Regumon Perda mos
|phrase = Doranz Amzig Míoren danta konzi Regumon Perda mos
| IPA =  
| IPA =  
| morphemes = dor-anz-a amzig míoren danta co-nz-i regum-on perda mos.
| morphemes = dor-anz-a amzig míoren danta ko-nz-i regum-on perda mos.
| gloss = flee-PST-1P place.name place.name after destroy-PST-3PL people-CNSTR spear  
| gloss = flee-PST-1P place.name place.name after destroy-PST-3PL people-CNSTR spear city
| translation = We fled to Amzig from Miyoren after the People of the Spear sacked the city.
| translation = We fled to Amzig from Miyoren after the People of the Spear sacked the city.
}}
}}
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