Tocharian D: Difference between revisions
mNo edit summary |
m →Noun |
||
| (3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 121: | Line 121: | ||
===Noun=== | ===Noun=== | ||
{{See|sub|Nouns}} | |||
In addition to the six cases inherited from the Proto Indo-European Language (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, instrumental, vocative), secondary cases are formed by suffixes. For example, the Tocharian D word yähwa "horse" < PIE *eḱwos is declined as follows: | In addition to the six cases inherited from the Proto Indo-European Language (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, instrumental, vocative), secondary cases are formed by suffixes. For example, the Tocharian D word yähwa "horse" < PIE *eḱwos is declined as follows: | ||
| Line 190: | Line 191: | ||
| -ñ | | -ñ | ||
| yähwañ | | yähwañ | ||
| | | yähwaññ | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Verb=== | ===Verb=== | ||
{{See|sub|Verbs}} | |||
Tocharian D verbs are conjugated in the following categories: | Tocharian D verbs are conjugated in the following categories: | ||
*Mood: indicative, subjunctive, imperative. | *Mood: indicative, subjunctive, imperative. | ||
| Line 306: | Line 308: | ||
|''five''||'''fim'''||'''päñ'''||'''piś'''||pénte||páñca||quīnque||*fimf||fimf||cóic||*pętь||''*pénkʷe'' | |''five''||'''fim'''||'''päñ'''||'''piś'''||pénte||páñca||quīnque||*fimf||fimf||cóic||*pętь||''*pénkʷe'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''six''||''' | |''six''||'''śäh'''||'''ṣäk'''||'''ṣkas'''||héx||ṣáṣ||sex||*sehs||saihs||sé||*šestь||''*swéḱs'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''seven''||''' | |''seven''||'''śäp'''||'''ṣpät'''||'''ṣukt'''||heptá||saptá||septem||*sebun||sibun||secht||*sedmь||''*septḿ̥'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''eight''||''' ahto'''||'''okät'''||'''okt'''||oktṓ||aṣṭáu, aṣṭá||octō||*ahtōu||ahtau||ocht||*osmь||''*oḱtṓw'' | |''eight''||''' ahto'''||'''okät'''||'''okt'''||oktṓ||aṣṭáu, aṣṭá||octō||*ahtōu||ahtau||ocht||*osmь||''*oḱtṓw'' | ||
| Line 324: | Line 326: | ||
|''brother''||'''pracer'''||'''pracar'''||'''procer'''||phrā́tēr||bhrātṛ||frāter||*brōþēr||brōþar||bráthair||*bràtrъ||''*bʰréh₂tēr'' | |''brother''||'''pracer'''||'''pracar'''||'''procer'''||phrā́tēr||bhrātṛ||frāter||*brōþēr||brōþar||bráthair||*bràtrъ||''*bʰréh₂tēr'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''sister''||''' | |''sister''||'''śyäscer'''||'''ṣar'''||'''ṣer'''||éor||svásṛ||soror||*swestēr||swistar||siur||*sestrà||''*swésōr'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''horse''||'''yähwa'''||'''yuk'''||'''yakwe'''||híppos||áśva-||equus||*ehwaz||aiƕs||ech||([[w:Balto-Slavic|Balto-Slavic]] ''*áśwāˀ'')||''*h₁éḱwos'' | |''horse''||'''yähwa'''||'''yuk'''||'''yakwe'''||híppos||áśva-||equus||*ehwaz||aiƕs||ech||([[w:Balto-Slavic|Balto-Slavic]] ''*áśwāˀ'')||''*h₁éḱwos'' | ||