Togarmite/Lexicon: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
 
(224 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
==ʔ==
==ʔ==
*√ʔ-b-b
*√ʔ-v-v
**''ybib'' 'spring'
**''viv'' 'spring'
**''eþy'ybib'' (literary) 'to become spring'
**''etaviv'' (literary) 'to become spring'
*√ʔ-(w)-r
*√ʔ-(w)-r
**''aur'' 'light'
**''aur'' 'light'
**''awer'' 'to illuminate'
**''awer'' 'to illuminate'
*√ʔ-d-m
*√ʔ-ð-m
**''ydum'' 'red'
**''ðum'' 'red'
*''ež'' 'then'
*''ež'' 'then'
*√ʔ-h-b
**''yhabt'' 'love'
**''øhab'' 'to love'
*√ʔ-h-ž
*√ʔ-h-ž
**''haž'' 'receive'
**''haž'' 'receive'
*√ʔ-ž-n
**''mahėž'' 'reception'
**''øžny'' 'ear' (''ødny'' in Southern dialects)
*√ʔ-ž-n ~ ʔ-ð-n
**''øðny'' 'ear'
**''ažen'' 'listen'
**''ažen'' 'listen'
**''stažen'' 'contemplate'
**''stažen'' 'contemplate'
Line 23: Line 21:
**''my'ėsi'' 'to identify (find the identity of)'
**''my'ėsi'' 'to identify (find the identity of)'
**''ajes'' 'to compare'
**''ajes'' 'to compare'
***''ajus'' 'metaphor; simile'
***''ajus'' 'comparison'
**''þy'ajes'' 'to equate; to identify (mathematics)'
**''tajes'' 'to equate'
***''þy'ajus'' 'identification (mathematics)'
***''tajus'' 'equation'
*√ʔ-x-l
*''ak'' 'although, though'
**''øxal'' 'to eat'
*√ʔ-k-l
**''exly'' 'food'
**''økal'' 'to eat'
**''þaxil'' 'comsumption'
**''ekly'' 'food'
***''þaxili'' 'to consume'
**''takil'' 'comsumption'
***''takili'' 'to consume'
*√ʔ-l-h
*√ʔ-l-h
**''Elėh'' 'God'
**''lėh'' 'god'; ''yn Ylėh'' 'God'
**''lėhit'' 'goddess'
**''aleh'' 'to deify'
**''aleh'' 'to deify'
*''elėn'' 'tree'
*√ʔ-m-n
*√ʔ-m-n
**''amėn'' (in some religions) 'Amen'
**''amėn'' (in some religions) 'Amen'
Line 41: Line 42:
**''emry'' 'remark'
**''emry'' 'remark'
**''amer'' 'to command'
**''amer'' 'to command'
**''þy'amer'' 'to prohibit'
**''ty'amer'' 'to prohibit'
*√ʔ-r-þ
*√ʔ-g-n
**''arþy'' 'earth'
** ''igona'' 'image'
*√ʔ-þ-j
*** ''agen'' 'to display'
**''øþė'' 'to come'
*√ʔ-r-h
** ''ør'' 'way' (only in ''nux ør'' 'somehow' etc.)
*√ʔ-r-ž
**''aržy'' 'earth'
***''aržo'' 'down'
*√ʔ-t-j
**'''' 'to come'


==B==
==V==
*''beiþ'' 'house'
*''veit'' 'house'
**''beiþėþ'' 'housing'
**''veitėt'' 'housing'
*''bin'' 'veena'
*√v-h-r
**''bini'' 'to play the veena'
**''vor'' 'sea'
**''binyr'' 'veena player'
*√v-ȝ-l
*√b-ȝ-l
**''vol'' 'master, lord'
**''bol'' 'master, lord'
**''avȝel'' 'to be able to'
**''abȝel'' 'to be able to'
*√v-lv-l
*√b-lb-l
**''valvel'' 'to confuse (cause someone to be confused)'
**''balbel'' 'to confuse (cause someone to be confused)'
**''tyvalvel'' 'to mix up (two things)'
**''þybalbel'' 'to mix up (two things)'
*√v-r-ʔ
*√b-r-ʔ
**''vra'' 'to create (of gods)'
**''bra'' 'to create'
**''vru'' '(poetic) world'
**''bri'' 'healthy'
**''vri'' 'healthy'
*√b-š-r
*√v-š-r
**''byšar'' 'body'
**''vyšar'' 'body'
**''bašer'' 'to embody, to physically realize'
**''vašer'' 'to embody, to physically realize'
**''þybašer'' 'to reincarnate'
**''møvašar'' 'incarnate'
**''tyvašer'' 'to reincarnate'


==G==
==Γ==
*√g-d-l
*√γ-d-l
**''gdėl'' 'big'
**''γdėl'' 'big'
**''eþygdel'' 'to grow'
**''etyγdel'' 'to grow'
*√g-l
*√γ-w-s
**''gal'' 'wave'
**''γus'' 'taste' (ancient borrowing from Greek)
**''þygalel'' 'to reverberate, to resound'
**''γawes'' 'to taste'
*√γ-l-l
**''γal'' 'wave'
**''tyγalel'' 'to reverberate, to resound'
*√γ-m-m (cognate to Hebrew גם)
** ''γmėm'' 'in total'
** ''γam'' (archaic) 'in all'
** ''γamut'' 'collection; larger superset of a musical scale' (source of Irtan English ''gamut'')


==D==
== Ð ==
*√d-m
*√ð-m-m
**''dam'' = blood
**''ðam'' = blood
**''damem'' = to bleed
**''ðamem'' = to bleed
*√d-n
*√ð-n
**''dun'' = to think (to be of the opinion that); to deem
**''ðun'' = to think (to be of the opinion that); to deem
**''dajan'' = judge
**''ðawan'' = judge
**''dajen'' = to judge
**''ðawen'' = to judge
**''dint'' = judgement
**''ðint'' = judgement
*√d-m-y
*√ð-m-y
**''dėme'' = similar
**''ðemi'' = stillness, rest
**''nydmi'' = to be silent
**''ðėme'' = similar
*√d-w-r?
**''nyðmi'' = to be silent
**''dor'' = eon, era; forever
*√ð-w-r?
**''dawer'' = to immortalize
**''ðėr'' = children (Arabic dār 'house', Hebrew dor 'generation')
*√d-r-x
***''myðėr'' = clan
**''darxy'' = road
*√ð-r-k
**''drax'' = to go, to walk
**''ðrak'' = away
**''adrex'' = to lead
**''ðarky'' = road
**''stydrex'' = to prove (mathematics)
**''ðrak'' = to go, to walk
***''istydrexbyl'' = unprovable
**''aðrek'' = to lead
*√d-r-s
**''styðrek'' = to prove (mathematics)
**''drøs'' = to study, to learn
***''istyðrekbyl'' = unprovable
**''daras'' = student, pupil
*√ð-r-r
**''dares'' = to demand
**''ðrėr'' = freedom
**''þydares'' = to teach
*√ð-r-s
**''mydras'' = school
**''ðrøs'' = to study, to learn
***''mydrasi'' = to school
**''ðaras'' = student, pupil
**''þydrus'' = lesson
**''ðares'' = to demand
**''tyðares'' = to teach
**''myðras'' = school
***''myðrasi'' = to school
**''tyðrus'' = lesson


==H==
==H==
*√h-b-b
*√h-v-v ~ '-h-v
**''habi'' 'hobby'
**''havi'' 'hobby'
**''hėbeb'' 'amateur'
**''hėvėv'' 'amateur'
*√h-b-r
**''havt'' 'love'
**''styhber'' 'to associate'
**''øhav'' 'to love'
*√h-d-r
**''þahev (løv)'' 'to fall in love (with)'
**''hedry'' 'chest (box)'
*√h-v-r
*√h-d
**''staver'' 'to associate'
**''hydiš'' 'new'
*√h-γ-j
*√h-t
**''haγė'' 'to savor, to enjoy' (originally 'to contemplate, to dwell on')
**''heta'' 'sin'
**''hiγuj'' 'enjoyment' (a cognate is a source of Irtan English ''hygge'')
**''hatė'' 'to sin'
*√h-ð-r
*√h-y-w
**''heðry'' 'chest (box)'
**''heiwėþ'' 'life'
*√h-ð
**''ðiš'' 'new'
*√h-d
**''heda'' 'sin'
**''hadė'' 'to sin'
*h-w-j
** ''hwė'' 'to be'
** ''hėwi'' 'being, entity'
*√h-j-w
**''heiwėt'' 'life'
**''heiwi'' 'vital'
**''heiwi'' 'vital'
**''heiwuþ'' 'vitality'
**''heiwut'' 'livelihood'
*√h-m-d
**''heiwan'' 'lively'
**''heiwanut'' 'liveliness, vitality'
**''anjė'' 'to save, to leave alive' (from rhinoglottophilia)
*√h-m-ð
**''hėmeð'' 'to praise'
*√h-m-l
*√h-m-l
**''hømal'' 'to suffer'
**''hømal'' 'to suffer'
**''hemlyþ'' 'patience'
**''hemlyt'' 'patience'
**''hemlan'' 'patient'
**''hemlan'' 'patient'
**''ahmel'' 'to make someone suffer, to inflict'
**''ahmel'' 'to make someone suffer, to inflict'
**''þyhamel'' 'to deserve (something bad), to have it coming'
**''tamel'' 'to deserve (something bad), to have it coming'
*√h-m-m
*√h-m-m
**''ham'' 'hot'
**''ham'' 'hot'
**''hymum'' 'warm'
**''mum'' 'warm'
*√h-sm-l
*√h-sm-l
**''hysmaluþ'' 'electricity'
**''smalut'' 'electricity'
*√h-r-b
*√h-g-n
**''harby'' 'sword'
** ''hegan'' 'sufficient'
**''hrøb'' 'to kill'
** ''hagen lid'' 'to provide for'
*√h-r-v
**''harvy'' 'sword'
**''røv'' 'to kill'
*√h-r-c
*√h-r-c
**''hyruc'' 'yellow'
**''ruc'' 'yellow'
 
==W==
*√w-d-ȝ
**''wedȝy'' 'knowledge'
**''wdiȝ'' 'knowledgeable'
***''wdiȝyr'' 'know-it-all'
**''daȝ'' 'to know'
**''wduȝ'' 'known; data'
**''odeȝ'' 'to let someone know'
*''wein'' 'wine'
*√w-x-l
**''xėl; wyxėl'' 'can'
**''wøxly'' 'possibility'
***''wøxli'' 'possible'
****''iwøxli'' 'impossible'
*√w-l-d
**''waldy'' 'child'
**''molad'' 'birth'
**''lad'' (archaic) 'to give birth to (of a woman)'
**''oled'' 'to give birth to, to sire, to father' (for both genders in the modern language)
*√w-r-ʔ
**''wra'' 'to fear'
**''ware'' 'to cause to fear, to scare'
**''stori'' (weak, from OTog ''hastȯrḗ'' 'to revere') 'to worship'
***''stor'' 'worship, cult' (backformed)
*√w-r-k
**''wark'' 'vegetable'
**''wyrakt'' 'vegetation'
**''wyruk'' 'green; environmentally friendly'
***''wyruki'' 'to green, to make environmentally friendly'
**''warek'' 'to fill with plants'
**''orek'' 'to become green'
*√w-r-š
**''waršy'' 'inheritance'
**''reš'' 'to inherit'
**''oreš'' 'to leave as inheritance'
**''wriš'' 'heritable'
**''wrišt'' 'gene'
**''morašt'' 'heritage'
**''þwarešt'' 'tradition'
*√w-š-ʔ
**''ša'' 'to come out, to turn out'
**''mošaþ'' 'outcome, result'
*√w-þ-r
**''wþer'' 'to remain, to be left'
**''oþer'' 'to leave'
**''eþoþar'' 'to be left alone'


==Z==
==Z==
*√z-v-n
**''zvøn'' 'to buy'
*√z-d-r
**''zydir'' 'small'
**''zydarder'' 'tiny'
*√z-m-r
*√z-m-r
**''myzmer'' 'kantele'
**''myzmer'' 'kantele'
**''zømør'' 'to sing'
**''zmør'' 'to sing'
**''þyzmert'' 'choir'
**''tyzmert'' 'choir'
*√z-n
**''azen'' 'to nurture'
*√z-n-h
*√z-n-h
**''zønah'' 'to abandon'
**''zønah'' 'to abandon'
*√z-ȝ-r
**''zȝur'' 'small'
**''zȝarȝer'' 'tiny'
*√z-r-ȝ
*√z-r-ȝ
**''zarȝe'' 'seed'
**''zarȝy'' 'seed'
**''zøraȝ'' 'to sow'
**''zraȝ'' 'to sow'


==Ž==
==Ž==
*√ž-b-h
*√ž-v-h (sometimes confused with d-v-h)
**''þyžbuh'' 'sacrifice (the act of sacrifice)'
**''tyžvuh'' 'sacrifice (the act of sacrifice)'
**''žbih'' 'sacrifice (the thing or person sacrificed)'
**''žvih'' 'sacrifice (the thing or person sacrificed)'
**''žabeh'' 'to sacrifice'
**''žaveh'' 'to sacrifice (literally or metaphorically)'
**''mižbeh'' 'altar'
**''myžvah'' 'altar'
*''žabi'' 'antelope'
*''žabi'' 'antelope'
*√ž-h-b
*√ž-h-v
**''žahab'' 'gold'
**''žahav'' 'gold'
**''žaheb'' 'to gild'
**''žahev'' 'to gild'
*√ž-h-r
*√ž-h-r
**''žohry'' 'noon'
**''žohry'' 'noon'
Line 218: Line 210:
**''ždame'' 'to thirst/yearn/long for'
**''ždame'' 'to thirst/yearn/long for'
*√ž-m-r
*√ž-m-r
**''žemryþ'' 'might, power'
**''žemryt'' 'might, power'
**''eþyžmer'' 'to intensify'
**''etyžmer'' 'to intensify'
*√ž-n-b
*√ž-n-v
**''žanab'' 'tail'
**''žanav'' 'tail'
*√ž-x-r "to remember"
**''žnøv'' 'to follow'
**''žøxør'' 'to remember'
**''žanev'' 'to chase'
**''žaxer'' 'to record; to memorize'
*√ž-k-r "to remember"
**''ažxer'' 'to remind'
**''žøkør'' 'to remember'
**''hyždyxer'' 'to come to mind'
**''žaker'' 'to record; to memorize'
**''styžxer'' 'to make note of'
**''ažker'' 'to remind'
**''þyžxir'' 'mnemonic'
**''hyždyker'' 'to come to mind'
**''myžxar'' 'souvenir'
**''styžker'' 'to make note of'
**''žexryþ'' 'memory'
**''tyžkir'' 'mnemonic'
*√ž-x-r "male"
**''myžkar'' 'souvenir'
**''žyxar'' 'male'
**''žekryt'' 'memory'
*√ž-k-r "male"
**''žykar'' 'male'
*√ž-r-ȝ
*√ž-r-ȝ
**''žerėȝ'' (f.) 'arm'
**''žyrėȝ'' 'arm'


==T==
==D==
*√t-b
*√d-v
**''tėb'' 'good'
**''dėv'' 'good'
*√t-b-h
**''adev'' 'to improve'
**''tabeh'' 'to slaughter'
*√d-v-h
**''tabhan'' 'butcher'
**''daveh'' 'to slaughter'
*√t-ȝ-y
**''davhan'' 'butcher'
**''tyȝuj'' 'wrong'
*√d-ȝ-j
*√t-ȝ-m
**''dyȝuj'' 'wrong'
**''tøȝam'' 'to choose; (archaic) to taste'
*√d-ȝ-m
**''taȝem'' 'to elect'
**''dȝam'' 'to choose; (archaic) to taste'
***''taȝum'' 'election'
**''daȝem'' 'to elect'
**''þytaȝem'' '(literary) to be pleased with, to take pleasure in'
***''daȝum'' 'election'
**''stytȝem'' 'to try out'
**''tydaȝem'' '(literary) to be pleased with, to take pleasure in'
*√t-m-ʔ
**''stydȝem'' 'to try out'
**''tma'' 'dirty'
*√d-m-ʔ
*√t-k-y
**''dma'' 'dirty'
**''tuki'' 'parrot'
*√d-g-j
**''takė'' 'to parrot, to repeat'
**''dugi'' 'parrot'
**''dagė'' 'to parrot, to repeat'


==J==
==J==
*''jad'' 'hand'
*''jað'' 'hand'
*√j-b-s
*√j/w-v-s
**''jabas'' 'dry'
**''javas'' 'dry'
*''jam'' 'sea'
*√j-m-n
*√j-m-n
**''jymin'' 'right'
**''jymin'' 'right'
*√j/w-ð-ȝ
**''jeðȝy'' 'knowledge'
**''iðiȝ'' 'knowledgeable'
***''iðiȝyr'' 'know-it-all'
**''ðaȝ'' 'to know'
**''iðuȝ'' 'known; data'
**''oðeȝ'' 'to let someone know'
*''jein'' 'wine'
*√j/w-h-v
**''hav'' 'to give'
*√j/w-k-l
**''kėl; wykėl'' 'can'
**''jøkly'' 'possibility'
***''jøkli'' 'possible'
****''ijøkli'' 'impossible'
*√j/w-l-ð
**''jalðy'' 'child'
**''molað'' 'Christmas'
** ''toleð'' 'birth'
**''lað'' (archaic) 'to give birth to (of a woman)'
**''oleð'' 'to give birth to, to sire, to father' (for both genders in the modern language)
*√j/w-ȝ-v
**''jaȝev'' 'to hate'
**''oȝev'' 'to disgust'
**''iȝuv'' 'disgusting, ugly'
*√j/w-r-ʔ
**''ira'' 'to fear'
**''jare'' 'to cause to fear, to scare'
**''stori'' (weak, from OTog ''hastȯrḗ'' 'to revere') 'to admire, to marvel'
***''stor'' 'marvel, admiration' (backformed)
*√j/w-r-ð (to descend)
**''reð, wėrað'' 'to descend'
**''jėreð'' 'conspicuous'
*** Brythonic ''*ujredd'' > English ''weird''
*''wrað'' 'rose'
*√j/w-r-g
**''jarg'' 'vegetable'
**''jyragt'' 'vegetation'
**''jyrug'' 'green; environmentally friendly'
***''jyrugi'' 'to green, to make environmentally friendly'
**''jareg'' 'to fill with plants'
**''oreg'' 'to become green'
*√j/w-r-š
**''jarš'' 'inheritance'
**''reš'' 'to inherit'
**''oreš'' 'to leave as inheritance'
**''iriš'' 'heritable'
**''irišt'' 'gene'
**''morašt'' 'heritage'
**''tjarešt'' 'tradition'
*√j/w-ž-ʔ
**''ža, wėža'' 'to come out, to turn out'
**''možat'' 'outcome, result'
*√w-š-n-f-r
**''wyšnafer'' 'rain fell with a strong wind' (~ Amharic ''wäšänäffärä'')
*√j/w-t-r
**''iter'' 'to remain, to be left'
**''itur'' 'the rest'
**''oter'' 'to leave'
**''etotar'' 'to be left alone'


==X==
==K==
*''xaub'' 'star' (haplogized from *xauxab)
*''kauv'' 'star' (haplogized from *kaukav)
*√x-ž-b
*√k-ž-v
**''xažby'' 'lie (untruth)'
**''kažvy'' 'lie (untruth)'
**''xøžøb'' 'to lie (tell a lie)'
**''kažvan'' 'liar'
**''xažeb'' 'to deceive'
**''kžøv'' 'to lie (tell a lie)'
**''axžeb'' 'to deny'
**''kažev'' 'to deceive'
*√x-h-y
**''akžev'' 'to deny'
**''xyhuj'' 'dark'
**''þykažev'' 'to disillusion, to disappoint'
**''axhė'' 'to darken'
*√k-h-j
*''xenėr'' 'harp' (from An Bhlaoighne "chionnóir", cognate with Hebrew כִּנּוֹר‎)
**''kyhuj'' 'dark'
*√x-l-y
**''akhė'' 'to darken'
**''styxlė'' 'to commit suicide'
*''kenėr'' 'harp' (from An Bhlaoighne "chionnóir", cognate with Hebrew כִּנּוֹר‎)
*√x-n
*√k-l-y
**''xėn'' 'secure'
**''klė'' '(flowery) to end (intrans)'
**''styxin'' 'to train oneself'
**''kalė'' 'to end (trans)'
*√x-r-s
**''þykalė'' (''euphemistic'') 'to pass away'
**''xares'' 'to thank'
**''styklė'' 'to end (intrans)'
**''exarus'' 'thanksgiving; thank you!'
*√k-n
*√x-s-f
**''kun'' 'correct, true'
**''xasfy'' 'silver, money'
**''stykin'' 'to train oneself'
**''myxsaf'' 'bank'
*√k-r-s
*√x-þ-b
**''kares'' 'to thank'
**''xþøb'' 'to write'
**''ekarus'' 'thanksgiving; thank you!'
**''þyxaþeb'' to correspond'
*√k-s-f
**''þyxøþøb'' 'to rewrite'
**''kasfy'' 'silver, money'
**''myksaf'' 'bank'
*√k-t-v
**''ktøv'' 'to write'
**''tykatev'' to correspond'
**''tyktøv'' 'to rewrite'


==L==
==L==
*''lė'' = not; no
*''lė'' = not; no
*''ly'' = to, for
*''ly'' = to, for
*√l-b-n
*√l-v-n
**''lybun'' 'white'
**''lyvun'' 'white'
**''þlyben'' 'to become white'
**''tlyven'' 'to become white'
**''alben'' 'to whiten (something)'
**''alven'' 'to whiten (something), to whitewash'
*√l-b-s
*√l-v-s
**''lybas'' 'clothes'
**''lyvas'' 'clothes'
*√l-m-d
*√l-l
**''lmad'' 'to notice, to experience, to come to know'
**''lal'' 'voice' (from Old Togarmite ''lāl'', from Greek ''lalia'')
**''lamed'' 'to show, to point out'
**''lali'' 'vocal'
**''hylþymed'' 'to find one's way around'
*√l-m-ð
**''lmað'' 'to notice, to experience, to come to know'
**''lameð'' 'to show, to point out'
**''hyltymeð'' 'to find one's way around'
*√l-m-s (← Greek ''eleēmosynē'')
*√l-m-s (← Greek ''eleēmosynē'')
**''lamusin'' 'charity'
**''lamusin'' 'charity'
Line 317: Line 379:


==M==
==M==
*√m-g-l
*√m-γ-l
**''mygil'' 'glorious' (from Greek ''megalos'')
**''mγil'' 'glorious' (from Greek ''megalos'')
*√m-l-x
*√m-l-k
**''malxy'' 'king'
**''malky'' 'king'
**''mløk'' 'to rule'
*√m-n-ȝ
**''mnaȝ'' 'to flee'
*√m-n-w
*√m-n-w
**''møno'' 'to count' (in the sense 'to matter, to be considered')
**''mno'' 'to count' (in the sense 'to matter, to be considered')
*''mein'' 'water'
*''mein'' 'water'
**''majen'' 'to water'
**''majen'' 'to water'
Line 328: Line 393:
*√m-ȝ-l
*√m-ȝ-l
**''maȝly'' 'step'
**''maȝly'' 'step'
**''maȝlyþ'' 'stairway'
**''maȝlyt'' 'stairway'
**''stymȝel'' 'to dare'
**''stymȝel'' 'to dare'
*√m-(w)-þ
*√m-(w)-t
**''mauþ'' 'death'
**''maut'' 'death'
**''muþ'' 'to die'
**''mut'' 'to die'
**''ameþ'' 'to kill'
**''amet'' 'to kill'
**''stymeþ'' 'to commit suicide'
**''stymet'' 'to commit suicide'


==N==
==N==
*√n-b
*√n-v
**''nabi'' 'prophet' (from Hebrew)
**''navi'' 'prophet' (from Hebrew)
**''nabe'' 'to prophesy; to call out (a wrongdoing)'
**''nave'' 'to prophesy'
**''stynbe'' 'to lecture sanctimoniously, to scold'
**''þynave'' 'to call out (a wrongdoing)'
*√n-b-t
**''stynve'' 'to lecture sanctimoniously, to scold'
**''þynabet (by)'' 'to look (at)'
*√n-v-d
*√n-d-r
**''þynaved (vy)'' 'to look (at)'
**''nydur'' 'few'
*√n-ð-r
**''nyður'' 'few'
*√n-ȝ-m
*√n-ȝ-m
**''nyȝam'' 'nice'
**''nyȝam'' 'nice'
**''nyȝum'' 'happy'
*√n-f-l
*√n-f-l
**''føl'' 'to fall'
**''føl'' 'to fall'
**''nøfl'' 'fall (season)'
**''nøfl'' 'fall (season)'
*√n-g-d
**''ngød'' 'to wield (a weapon); to use'
*√n-š-ʔ
*√n-š-ʔ
**''naše'' 'to carry'
**''naše'' 'to bring, to take'
*√n-þ-n
*√n-t-n
**''þen'' 'to give'
**''matun'' 'data'
**''maþun'' 'data'


==Ȝ==
==Ȝ==
*''ȝelur'' 'cat'
*''ȝakviš'' 'spider'
*''ȝykrab'' 'scorpion'
*''ȝeilur'' 'cat'
*√ȝ-b-d
*''ȝygrav'' 'scorpion'
**''þyȝbid'' 'profession'
*√ȝ-v-ð
*√ȝ-m-d
**''tyȝvið'' 'profession'
**''ȝømød'' 'to stand''
*''ȝiš'' 'is located', c.f. nimtza in Hebrew - grammatically an adjective
**''þyȝamed'' 'to resist'
*''ȝuð'' 'lute'
*√ȝ-n-y
**''ȝuði'' 'to play the lute'
**''ȝuðyr'' 'lute player'
*√ȝ-m
**''ȝžum'' 'strong'
*√ȝ-j-n
**''mojan'' 'source; typeface' (semantics influenced by English ''font'')
**''tojin'' 'mental focus' (Henosis Ousias technical term, c.f. darśana in yoga)
*√ȝ-l-j
**''ȝlė'' 'to go up (from ȝ-l-y); to cost (from ġ-l-y)'
*√ȝ-m-ð
**''ȝømøð'' 'to stand'
**''tyȝameð'' 'to resist'
*√ȝ-n-j
**''þyȝane'' 'to satisfy'
**''þyȝane'' 'to satisfy'
**''ȝni'' 'needy, in distress'
**''ȝni'' 'needy, in distress'
**''ȝnuþ'' 'need, emergency'
**''ȝnut'' 'need, emergency'
*√ȝ-nj-n
**''møȝanjen'' 'interesting' (from Hebrew ''meȝanyen'', a folk etymology connects it with ''ȝein'' "eye")
*√ȝ-r
**''myȝėr'' 'waking life, day to day life'
*√ȝ-š-j
*√ȝ-š-j
**''ȝyše'' 'to do, to make'
**''ȝyše'' 'to do, to make'
Line 375: Line 459:
*√ȝ-š-r
*√ȝ-š-r
*√ȝ-št-r
*√ȝ-št-r
**''Ȝyštarty'' 'Venus (planet)'
**''Ȝyštart'' 'Venus (planet)'
**''ȝyštiruþ'' (poetic) 'libido, sexual desire'
**''ȝyštirut'' (poetic) 'libido, sexual desire'
**''ȝašter'' (poetic) 'to be lustful'


==F==
==F==
*√f-k-d
*√f-l-ʔ
*√f-l-ʔ
**''føla'' 'miracle'
**''føla'' 'miracle'
**''afle'' 'to amaze'
**''afle'' 'to amaze'
**''miføla'' 'wonderful'
**''miføla'' 'wonderful'
*''faþny'' 'snake'
*''fatny'' 'snake'


==P==
==B==
*√p-rk-s
*√b-rk-s
**''parkes'' 'to act'
**''barkes'' 'to act'
**''parkis'' 'action'
**''barkis'' 'action'
**''þyparkes'' 'to react'
**''tybarkes'' 'to react'
*√p-s-f
*√b-r-r
**''psif'' 'vote'
**''barer'' 'to influence'
**''psifin'' 'voting'
*√b-c-r, from Old Togarmite
**''pøsøf'' 'to vote'
**''þybcir'' 'impression, imprint' (Henosis Ousias technical term c.f. samskara in yoga)
**''pėsef'' 'voter'
*√b-s-f
*√p-w
**''bsif'' 'vote'
**''pau'' 'peacock'
**''bsifin'' 'voting'
**''pawė'' 'to peacock, to show off'
**''bsøf'' 'to vote'
**''bėsef'' 'voter'
*√b-w
**''bau'' 'peacock'
**''bawė'' 'to peacock, to show off'


==C==
==C==
*√c-b-ȝ 'finger'
*''cøfa'' 'sofa' (from Aramaic via Old Togarmite; the source of English ''sofa'' in-universe)
**''ecbaȝ'' 'finger'
*√c-v-ȝ 'finger'
**''cabeȝ'' 'to point at, to find'
**''cvaȝ'' 'finger'
*√c-b-ȝ 'color'
**''caveȝ'' 'to point at, to find'
**''cebȝy'' = color; paint
*√c-v-ȝ 'color'
**''cbaȝ'' = to color, to paint
**''cevȝy'' = color; paint
**''mycbaȝ'' = canvas
**''cvaȝ'' = to color, to paint
**''cybȝan'' = colorful
**''mycvaȝ'' = canvas
*√c-d-k
**''cyvȝan'' = colorful
**''cydak'' = right (correct or just)
*√c-ð-g
**''hycdek'' = to justify
**''cyðag'' = right (correct or just)
**''þycadek'' = to make right, to set right; to right a wrong
**''ycðeg'' = to justify
**''þycaðeg'' = to make right, to set right; to right a wrong
*√c-l-m
*√c-l-m
**''calmy'' = characteristic; quality
**''calmy'' = characteristic; quality, trait
***''calmi'' = characteristic (adj)
****''bolønøm calmi'' = characteristic polynomial
**''myclam'' = personality
**''calem'' = to characterize
**''calem'' = to characterize
*√c-w-y
**''cawė'' = (''archaic'') to command
**''tycawė'' = to determine
**''yctywė'' = to insist


==K==
==G==
*''karžyþ'' (pl. ''karž'') 'carob'
*''garžyt'' (pl. ''garž'') 'carob'
*√k-d-s
*√g-ð-s
**''kdės'' 'holy'
**''gðės'' (''archaic'') 'holy'
**''hakdes'' 'to dedicate'
**''hagðes'' 'to dedicate'
**''makdas'' (formal) 'chosen, particular, specific, not arbitrary'
**''magðas'' (formal) 'chosen, particular, specific, not arbitrary'
**''kades'' 'to sanctify'
**''gaðes'' 'to sanctify'
**''mykødas'' 'holy'
**''møgaðas'' 'holy'
***''mykøsyn'' (a swear word)
*√g(-w-)l
*√k(-w-)l
**''gaul'' 'voice'
**''kaul'' 'voice'
**''tygawel'' 'to resound; to echo'
**''þykawel'' 'to resound; to echo'
*√g-d-v (<- Arabic qTb)
*√k-t-b
**''gødvy'' 'pole'
**''køtby'' 'pole'
**''agdev'' 'polarize'
**''akteb'' 'polarize'
*√g-d-l
*√k-t-l
**''gdøl'' 'to murder'
**''ktøl'' 'to murder'
*√g-j-ž
*√k-j-ž
**''geiž'' 'summer'
**''keiž'' 'summer'
*√g-m
*√k-m
**''gum'' 'to stand up, to rise'
**''kum'' 'to stand up, to rise'
**''mygėm'' 'place'
**''mykėm'' 'place'
**''mygėmi'' 'to locate'
**''mykėmi'' 'to locate'
*√g-r-ʔ
*√k-r-ʔ
**''gra'' 'to read, to call'
**''kra'' 'to read, to call'
**''megra'' 'religious scripture'
**''mekra'' 'religious scripture'
**''tygru'' 'invocation, incantation'
**''tykru'' 'invocation, incantation'
***''tygruji'' 'to invoke, to summon'
***''tykruji'' 'to invoke, to summon'
**''tygare'' 'to convene'
*√k-r-y
*√g-r-y
**''kri'' 'to happen'
**''gri'' 'to happen'
*√k-s-m
*√g-s-m
**''hyksem'' 'to curse'
**''hygsem'' 'to curse'


==R==
==R==
*''ras'' 'head'
*''ras'' 'head'
**''þyra'es'' 'introduce'
**''ryra'es'' 'introduce'
**''resiþ'' 'introduction'
**''resit'' 'introduction'
*√r-ʔ-j
*√r-ʔ-j
**''rø'e'' 'to see'
**''rø'e'' 'to see'
*√r-b
*√r-v
**''rab'' 'many'
**''rav'' 'many'
**''myrėb'' 'majority'
**''myrėv'' 'majority'
***''myrėbi'' 'to overwhelm numerically'
***''myrėvi'' 'to outnumber'
**√r-b-j
**√r-v-v
***''rabė'' 'to multiply'
***''ravėv'' 'to multiply'
*√r-w-j
*√r-w-j
**''myrwe'' 'too much'
**''myrwe'' 'too much'
*√r-þ-m
*''rakyl'' 'ewe' (/x/ retained then randomly changed from Old Togarmite)
**''reþmy'' 'number'
*√r-t-m
**''raþem'' 'to count'
**''retmy'' 'number'
**''myrþam'' 'musical meter'
**''ratem'' 'to count'
**''myrþem'' 'abacus'
**''myrtam'' 'musical meter'
**''styrþem'' 'to enumerate'
**''myrtem'' 'abacus'
**''styrþum'' 'sequence'
**''styrtem'' 'to enumerate'
**''ryþim'' 'rhythm'
**''styrtum'' 'sequence'
**''reþmi'' 'to number (assign a number to)'
**''rytim'' 'rhythm'
**''retmi'' 'to number (assign a number to)'


==S==
==S==
Line 479: Line 576:
**√s-m-j
**√s-m-j
***''samė'' 'to name'
***''samė'' 'to name'
***''þysamė'' 'to rename'
***''tysamė'' 'to rename'
*√s-w-j
*√s-w-j
**''swė'' 'same'
**''swė'' 'same' (indeclinable; used in ''yn swė'' 'the same')
**''aswė'' 'to compare'
**''aswė'' (archaic) 'to compare'
*√s-x-n
*** only in ''blėš aswuj'' 'incomparable'
**''sxan'' 'to live (at a certain place)'
*√s-k-n
**''mysxan'' 'apartment'
**''skan'' 'to live (at a certain place)'
**''saxen'' 'to inhabit'
**''myskan'' 'apartment'
**''skėn'' 'scene'
**''saken'' 'to inhabit'
**''etysken'' 'to arise' (phonosemantically matched from Greek σηκώνομαι)
*√s-l-m
*√s-l-m
**''slėm'' 'peace; hello!'
**''slėm'' 'peace; hello!'
***''Slėm ȝalėxøm!'' 'hello (more formal)'
***''Slėm ȝlėkøm!'' 'hello (more formal)'
**''slem'' 'whole'
**''slem'' 'whole'
**''aslem'' 'to complete'
**''aslem'' 'to complete'
**''stylem'' 'to make peace; to reconcile'
**''stylem'' 'to make peace; to reconcile'
**''þysalem'' 'to repay'
**''tysalem'' 'to repay'
*√s-m(-m)
*√s-m(-m)
**''sem'' 'name'
**''sem'' 'name'
**''samem'' 'to name'
**''samem'' 'to name'
*''symein'' 'sky'
*''smein'' 'sky'
**''symeiniþ'' 'heaven' (from OTog. ''θarHebθ samaynīθ'' "celestial domain")
**''smeinit'' 'heaven' (from OTog. ''θarHebθ samaynīθ'' "celestial domain")
*√s-m-ȝ
*√s-m-ȝ
**''smaȝ'' 'to hear'
**''smaȝ'' 'to hear'
Line 510: Line 610:
**''seiran'' 'smoke signal' (source of English ''siren'')
**''seiran'' 'smoke signal' (source of English ''siren'')
**''stysir'' 'to announce'
**''stysir'' 'to announce'
*√s-þ-w
**''seþaw'' 'winter'


==Š==
==Š==
*√š-d-y
*''šan'' 'herd'
**''šadi'' 'breast', pl. ''šadjė'' or ''šadė''
*√š-v-t
**''švøt'' 'stay'
**''šavot'' 'Saturday' (Hebrew loan)
*√š-v-3
**''švu3'' 'sad' (same semantic shift as English ''sad'')
**''ašve3'' 'to sadden'
*√š-ð-y
**''šaði'' 'breast', pl. ''šaðein''
*ּ√š-l-ȝ
*ּ√š-l-ȝ
**''šelȝy'' 'rib'
**''šelȝy'' 'rib'
*√š-m-l
*√š-m-l
**''šmėl'' 'left'
**''šmėl'' 'left'
*√š-k-l
*√š-g-l
**''škul'' 'heavy'
**''šgul'' 'heavy'
*√š-l-g
**''šøgly'' 'weight'
**''šalgy'' 'snow'
**''šagel'' 'to weigh'
**''šøgli'' 'to weight'
*√š-l-γ
**''šalγy'' 'snow'
*√š-n-j
*√š-n-j
**''šanė'' 'to repeat'
**''šanė'' 'to repeat'
Line 529: Line 637:
**''šeȝart'' 'strand of hair'
**''šeȝart'' 'strand of hair'
**''šėȝer'' 'Khuamnisht poet' (calqued from Anorite)
**''šėȝer'' 'Khuamnisht poet' (calqued from Anorite)
**''šėȝeriþ'' '[https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Shayari&redirect=no shighery], Khuamnisht and Anorite poetry'
**''šėȝerit'' '[https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Shayari&redirect=no shighery], Khuamnisht and Anorite poetry'
*''šol'' 'fox'
*''šol'' 'fox'
*''šøm'' 'therefore'
*''šøm'' 'therefore; than'
*''šfarðy'' 'frog'
*''šur'' 'sure' <- ''yšur''
*''šur'' 'sure' <- ''yšur''
*√š-t-w
**''šytaw'' 'winter'
**''šatu'' 'to hibernate'


==Þ==
==T==
*√þ-g-m
*√t-'-r
**''aþgem'' 'explain'
**''tar'' 'face'
*√þ-l-l
***''ly tar'' 'in front of'
**''þlul'' 'steep; difficult'
**''tart'' 'form'
*√þ-ȝ-b
*√t-r-m
**''þøȝab'' 'to hate'
**''atrem'' 'explain'
**''aþȝeb'' 'to disgust'
*√t-l-l
**''þaȝebt'' 'abomination'
**''tlul'' 'steep; difficult'
**''þȝub'' 'disgusting, ugly'
*√t-r-n
*√þ-r-n
**''trøn'' 'throne'
**''þrøn'' 'throne'
**''atren'' 'enthrone'
**''aþren'' 'enthrone'

Latest revision as of 09:12, 9 January 2023

ʔ

  • √ʔ-v-v
    • viv 'spring'
    • etaviv (literary) 'to become spring'
  • √ʔ-(w)-r
    • aur 'light'
    • awer 'to illuminate'
  • √ʔ-ð-m
    • ðum 'red'
  • 'then'
  • √ʔ-h-ž
    • haž 'receive'
    • mahėž 'reception'
  • √ʔ-ž-n ~ ʔ-ð-n
    • øðny 'ear'
    • ažen 'listen'
    • stažen 'contemplate'
  • √ʔ-y-s
    • is 'equal'
    • my'ės 'identity'
    • my'ėsi 'to identify (find the identity of)'
    • ajes 'to compare'
      • ajus 'comparison'
    • tajes 'to equate'
      • tajus 'equation'
  • ak 'although, though'
  • √ʔ-k-l
    • økal 'to eat'
    • ekly 'food'
    • takil 'comsumption'
      • takili 'to consume'
  • √ʔ-l-h
    • lėh 'god'; yn Ylėh 'God'
    • lėhit 'goddess'
    • aleh 'to deify'
  • elėn 'tree'
  • √ʔ-m-n
    • amėn (in some religions) 'Amen'
    • amen 'to trust, to believe'
  • √ʔ-m-r
    • ømar 'to say'
    • emry 'remark'
    • amer 'to command'
    • ty'amer 'to prohibit'
  • √ʔ-g-n
    • igona 'image'
      • agen 'to display'
  • √ʔ-r-h
    • ør 'way' (only in nux ør 'somehow' etc.)
  • √ʔ-r-ž
    • aržy 'earth'
      • aržo 'down'
  • √ʔ-t-j
    • 'to come'

V

  • veit 'house'
    • veitėt 'housing'
  • √v-h-r
    • vor 'sea'
  • √v-ȝ-l
    • vol 'master, lord'
    • avȝel 'to be able to'
  • √v-lv-l
    • valvel 'to confuse (cause someone to be confused)'
    • tyvalvel 'to mix up (two things)'
  • √v-r-ʔ
    • vra 'to create (of gods)'
    • vru '(poetic) world'
    • vri 'healthy'
  • √v-š-r
    • vyšar 'body'
    • vašer 'to embody, to physically realize'
    • møvašar 'incarnate'
    • tyvašer 'to reincarnate'

Γ

  • √γ-d-l
    • γdėl 'big'
    • etyγdel 'to grow'
  • √γ-w-s
    • γus 'taste' (ancient borrowing from Greek)
    • γawes 'to taste'
  • √γ-l-l
    • γal 'wave'
    • tyγalel 'to reverberate, to resound'
  • √γ-m-m (cognate to Hebrew גם)
    • γmėm 'in total'
    • γam (archaic) 'in all'
    • γamut 'collection; larger superset of a musical scale' (source of Irtan English gamut)

Ð

  • √ð-m-m
    • ðam = blood
    • ðamem = to bleed
  • √ð-n
    • ðun = to think (to be of the opinion that); to deem
    • ðawan = judge
    • ðawen = to judge
    • ðint = judgement
  • √ð-m-y
    • ðemi = stillness, rest
    • ðėme = similar
    • nyðmi = to be silent
  • √ð-w-r?
    • ðėr = children (Arabic dār 'house', Hebrew dor 'generation')
      • myðėr = clan
  • √ð-r-k
    • ðrak = away
    • ðarky = road
    • ðrak = to go, to walk
    • aðrek = to lead
    • styðrek = to prove (mathematics)
      • istyðrekbyl = unprovable
  • √ð-r-r
    • ðrėr = freedom
  • √ð-r-s
    • ðrøs = to study, to learn
    • ðaras = student, pupil
    • ðares = to demand
    • tyðares = to teach
    • myðras = school
      • myðrasi = to school
    • tyðrus = lesson

H

  • √h-v-v ~ '-h-v
    • havi 'hobby'
    • hėvėv 'amateur'
    • havt 'love'
    • øhav 'to love'
    • þahev (løv) 'to fall in love (with)'
  • √h-v-r
    • staver 'to associate'
  • √h-γ-j
    • haγė 'to savor, to enjoy' (originally 'to contemplate, to dwell on')
    • hiγuj 'enjoyment' (a cognate is a source of Irtan English hygge)
  • √h-ð-r
    • heðry 'chest (box)'
  • √h-ð-š
    • ðiš 'new'
  • √h-d-ʔ
    • heda 'sin'
    • hadė 'to sin'
  • h-w-j
    • hwė 'to be'
    • hėwi 'being, entity'
  • √h-j-w
    • heiwėt 'life'
    • heiwi 'vital'
    • heiwut 'livelihood'
    • heiwan 'lively'
    • heiwanut 'liveliness, vitality'
    • anjė 'to save, to leave alive' (from rhinoglottophilia)
  • √h-m-ð
    • hėmeð 'to praise'
  • √h-m-l
    • hømal 'to suffer'
    • hemlyt 'patience'
    • hemlan 'patient'
    • ahmel 'to make someone suffer, to inflict'
    • tamel 'to deserve (something bad), to have it coming'
  • √h-m-m
    • ham 'hot'
    • mum 'warm'
  • √h-sm-l
    • smalut 'electricity'
  • √h-g-n
    • hegan 'sufficient'
    • hagen lid 'to provide for'
  • √h-r-v
    • harvy 'sword'
    • røv 'to kill'
  • √h-r-c
    • ruc 'yellow'

Z

  • √z-v-n
    • zvøn 'to buy'
  • √z-d-r
    • zydir 'small'
    • zydarder 'tiny'
  • √z-m-r
    • myzmer 'kantele'
    • zmør 'to sing'
    • tyzmert 'choir'
  • √z-n
    • azen 'to nurture'
  • √z-n-h
    • zønah 'to abandon'
  • √z-r-ȝ
    • zarȝy 'seed'
    • zraȝ 'to sow'

Ž

  • √ž-v-h (sometimes confused with d-v-h)
    • tyžvuh 'sacrifice (the act of sacrifice)'
    • žvih 'sacrifice (the thing or person sacrificed)'
    • žaveh 'to sacrifice (literally or metaphorically)'
    • myžvah 'altar'
  • žabi 'antelope'
  • √ž-h-v
    • žahav 'gold'
    • žahev 'to gild'
  • √ž-h-r
    • žohry 'noon'
  • ּ√ž-m-ʔ
    • žyma 'thirsty'
    • nøžma 'to become thirsty'
    • ždame 'to thirst/yearn/long for'
  • √ž-m-r
    • žemryt 'might, power'
    • etyžmer 'to intensify'
  • √ž-n-v
    • žanav 'tail'
    • žnøv 'to follow'
    • žanev 'to chase'
  • √ž-k-r "to remember"
    • žøkør 'to remember'
    • žaker 'to record; to memorize'
    • ažker 'to remind'
    • hyždyker 'to come to mind'
    • styžker 'to make note of'
    • tyžkir 'mnemonic'
    • myžkar 'souvenir'
    • žekryt 'memory'
  • √ž-k-r "male"
    • žykar 'male'
  • √ž-r-ȝ
    • žyrėȝ 'arm'

D

  • √d-v
    • dėv 'good'
    • adev 'to improve'
  • √d-v-h
    • daveh 'to slaughter'
    • davhan 'butcher'
  • √d-ȝ-j
    • dyȝuj 'wrong'
  • √d-ȝ-m
    • dȝam 'to choose; (archaic) to taste'
    • daȝem 'to elect'
      • daȝum 'election'
    • tydaȝem '(literary) to be pleased with, to take pleasure in'
    • stydȝem 'to try out'
  • √d-m-ʔ
    • dma 'dirty'
  • √d-g-j
    • dugi 'parrot'
    • dagė 'to parrot, to repeat'

J

  • jað 'hand'
  • √j/w-v-s
    • javas 'dry'
  • √j-m-n
    • jymin 'right'
  • √j/w-ð-ȝ
    • jeðȝy 'knowledge'
    • iðiȝ 'knowledgeable'
      • iðiȝyr 'know-it-all'
    • ðaȝ 'to know'
    • iðuȝ 'known; data'
    • oðeȝ 'to let someone know'
  • jein 'wine'
  • √j/w-h-v
    • hav 'to give'
  • √j/w-k-l
    • kėl; wykėl 'can'
    • jøkly 'possibility'
      • jøkli 'possible'
        • ijøkli 'impossible'
  • √j/w-l-ð
    • jalðy 'child'
    • molað 'Christmas'
    • toleð 'birth'
    • lað (archaic) 'to give birth to (of a woman)'
    • oleð 'to give birth to, to sire, to father' (for both genders in the modern language)
  • √j/w-ȝ-v
    • jaȝev 'to hate'
    • oȝev 'to disgust'
    • iȝuv 'disgusting, ugly'
  • √j/w-r-ʔ
    • ira 'to fear'
    • jare 'to cause to fear, to scare'
    • stori (weak, from OTog hastȯrḗ 'to revere') 'to admire, to marvel'
      • stor 'marvel, admiration' (backformed)
  • √j/w-r-ð (to descend)
    • reð, wėrað 'to descend'
    • jėreð 'conspicuous'
      • Brythonic *ujredd > English weird
  • wrað 'rose'
  • √j/w-r-g
    • jarg 'vegetable'
    • jyragt 'vegetation'
    • jyrug 'green; environmentally friendly'
      • jyrugi 'to green, to make environmentally friendly'
    • jareg 'to fill with plants'
    • oreg 'to become green'
  • √j/w-r-š
    • jarš 'inheritance'
    • reš 'to inherit'
    • oreš 'to leave as inheritance'
    • iriš 'heritable'
    • irišt 'gene'
    • morašt 'heritage'
    • tjarešt 'tradition'
  • √j/w-ž-ʔ
    • ža, wėža 'to come out, to turn out'
    • možat 'outcome, result'
  • √w-š-n-f-r
    • wyšnafer 'rain fell with a strong wind' (~ Amharic wäšänäffärä)
  • √j/w-t-r
    • iter 'to remain, to be left'
    • itur 'the rest'
    • oter 'to leave'
    • etotar 'to be left alone'

K

  • kauv 'star' (haplogized from *kaukav)
  • √k-ž-v
    • kažvy 'lie (untruth)'
    • kažvan 'liar'
    • kžøv 'to lie (tell a lie)'
    • kažev 'to deceive'
    • akžev 'to deny'
    • þykažev 'to disillusion, to disappoint'
  • √k-h-j
    • kyhuj 'dark'
    • akhė 'to darken'
  • kenėr 'harp' (from An Bhlaoighne "chionnóir", cognate with Hebrew כִּנּוֹר‎)
  • √k-l-y
    • klė '(flowery) to end (intrans)'
    • kalė 'to end (trans)'
    • þykalė (euphemistic) 'to pass away'
    • styklė 'to end (intrans)'
  • √k-n
    • kun 'correct, true'
    • stykin 'to train oneself'
  • √k-r-s
    • kares 'to thank'
    • ekarus 'thanksgiving; thank you!'
  • √k-s-f
    • kasfy 'silver, money'
    • myksaf 'bank'
  • √k-t-v
    • ktøv 'to write'
    • tykatev to correspond'
    • tyktøv 'to rewrite'

L

  • = not; no
  • ly = to, for
  • √l-v-n
    • lyvun 'white'
    • tlyven 'to become white'
    • alven 'to whiten (something), to whitewash'
  • √l-v-s
    • lyvas 'clothes'
  • √l-l
    • lal 'voice' (from Old Togarmite lāl, from Greek lalia)
    • lali 'vocal'
  • √l-m-ð
    • lmað 'to notice, to experience, to come to know'
    • lameð 'to show, to point out'
    • hyltymeð 'to find one's way around'
  • √l-m-s (← Greek eleēmosynē)
    • lamusin 'charity'
    • lames 'give charitably, do charity'
  • √l-(w)-n
    • lun 'to sojourn, to stay as guest'
    • lawan 'guest'
    • alen 'to host'
    • malen 'host'
    • malunt 'hospitality'
    • mylan 'inn'
  • lysėn 'tongue; language'

M

  • √m-γ-l
    • mγil 'glorious' (from Greek megalos)
  • √m-l-k
    • malky 'king'
    • mløk 'to rule'
  • √m-n-ȝ
    • mnaȝ 'to flee'
  • √m-n-w
    • mno 'to count' (in the sense 'to matter, to be considered')
  • mein 'water'
    • majen 'to water'
    • meini 'aquatic, aqueous'
  • √m-ȝ-l
    • maȝly 'step'
    • maȝlyt 'stairway'
    • stymȝel 'to dare'
  • √m-(w)-t
    • maut 'death'
    • mut 'to die'
    • amet 'to kill'
    • stymet 'to commit suicide'

N

  • √n-v-ʔ
    • navi 'prophet' (from Hebrew)
    • nave 'to prophesy'
    • þynave 'to call out (a wrongdoing)'
    • stynve 'to lecture sanctimoniously, to scold'
  • √n-v-d
    • þynaved (vy) 'to look (at)'
  • √n-ð-r
    • nyður 'few'
  • √n-ȝ-m
    • nyȝam 'nice'
    • nyȝum 'happy'
  • √n-f-l
    • føl 'to fall'
    • nøfl 'fall (season)'
  • √n-g-d
    • ngød 'to wield (a weapon); to use'
  • √n-š-ʔ
    • naše 'to bring, to take'
  • √n-t-n
    • matun 'data'

Ȝ

  • ȝakviš 'spider'
  • ȝeilur 'cat'
  • ȝygrav 'scorpion'
  • √ȝ-v-ð
    • tyȝvið 'profession'
  • ȝiš 'is located', c.f. nimtza in Hebrew - grammatically an adjective
  • ȝuð 'lute'
    • ȝuði 'to play the lute'
    • ȝuðyr 'lute player'
  • √ȝ-ž-m
    • ȝžum 'strong'
  • √ȝ-j-n
    • mojan 'source; typeface' (semantics influenced by English font)
    • tojin 'mental focus' (Henosis Ousias technical term, c.f. darśana in yoga)
  • √ȝ-l-j
    • ȝlė 'to go up (from ȝ-l-y); to cost (from ġ-l-y)'
  • √ȝ-m-ð
    • ȝømøð 'to stand'
    • tyȝameð 'to resist'
  • √ȝ-n-j
    • þyȝane 'to satisfy'
    • ȝni 'needy, in distress'
    • ȝnut 'need, emergency'
  • √ȝ-nj-n
    • møȝanjen 'interesting' (from Hebrew meȝanyen, a folk etymology connects it with ȝein "eye")
  • √ȝ-r
    • myȝėr 'waking life, day to day life'
  • √ȝ-š-j
    • ȝyše 'to do, to make'
    • maȝše 'deed'
  • √ȝ-s-r (?)
    • ȝysur 'noble'
  • √ȝ-š-r
  • √ȝ-št-r
    • Ȝyštart 'Venus (planet)'
    • ȝyštirut (poetic) 'libido, sexual desire'
    • ȝašter (poetic) 'to be lustful'

F

  • √f-l-ʔ
    • føla 'miracle'
    • afle 'to amaze'
    • miføla 'wonderful'
  • fatny 'snake'

B

  • √b-rk-s
    • barkes 'to act'
    • barkis 'action'
    • tybarkes 'to react'
  • √b-r-r
    • barer 'to influence'
  • √b-c-r, from Old Togarmite
    • þybcir 'impression, imprint' (Henosis Ousias technical term c.f. samskara in yoga)
  • √b-s-f
    • bsif 'vote'
    • bsifin 'voting'
    • bsøf 'to vote'
    • bėsef 'voter'
  • √b-w
    • bau 'peacock'
    • bawė 'to peacock, to show off'

C

  • cøfa 'sofa' (from Aramaic via Old Togarmite; the source of English sofa in-universe)
  • √c-v-ȝ 'finger'
    • cvaȝ 'finger'
    • caveȝ 'to point at, to find'
  • √c-v-ȝ 'color'
    • cevȝy = color; paint
    • cvaȝ = to color, to paint
    • mycvaȝ = canvas
    • cyvȝan = colorful
  • √c-ð-g
    • cyðag = right (correct or just)
    • ycðeg = to justify
    • þycaðeg = to make right, to set right; to right a wrong
  • √c-l-m
    • calmy = characteristic; quality, trait
      • calmi = characteristic (adj)
        • bolønøm calmi = characteristic polynomial
    • myclam = personality
    • calem = to characterize
  • √c-w-y
    • cawė = (archaic) to command
    • tycawė = to determine
    • yctywė = to insist

G

  • garžyt (pl. garž) 'carob'
  • √g-ð-s
    • gðės (archaic) 'holy'
    • hagðes 'to dedicate'
    • magðas (formal) 'chosen, particular, specific, not arbitrary'
    • gaðes 'to sanctify'
    • møgaðas 'holy'
  • √g(-w-)l
    • gaul 'voice'
    • tygawel 'to resound; to echo'
  • √g-d-v (<- Arabic qTb)
    • gødvy 'pole'
    • agdev 'polarize'
  • √g-d-l
    • gdøl 'to murder'
  • √g-j-ž
    • geiž 'summer'
  • √g-m
    • gum 'to stand up, to rise'
    • mygėm 'place'
    • mygėmi 'to locate'
  • √g-r-ʔ
    • gra 'to read, to call'
    • megra 'religious scripture'
    • tygru 'invocation, incantation'
      • tygruji 'to invoke, to summon'
    • tygare 'to convene'
  • √g-r-y
    • gri 'to happen'
  • √g-s-m
    • hygsem 'to curse'

R

  • ras 'head'
    • ryra'es 'introduce'
    • resit 'introduction'
  • √r-ʔ-j
    • rø'e 'to see'
  • √r-v
    • rav 'many'
    • myrėv 'majority'
      • myrėvi 'to outnumber'
    • √r-v-v
      • ravėv 'to multiply'
  • √r-w-j
    • myrwe 'too much'
  • rakyl 'ewe' (/x/ retained then randomly changed from Old Togarmite)
  • √r-t-m
    • retmy 'number'
    • ratem 'to count'
    • myrtam 'musical meter'
    • myrtem 'abacus'
    • styrtem 'to enumerate'
    • styrtum 'sequence'
    • rytim 'rhythm'
    • retmi 'to number (assign a number to)'

S

  • seif 'knife, sword, dagger, sabre'
  • sem 'name'
    • √s-m-j
      • samė 'to name'
      • tysamė 'to rename'
  • √s-w-j
    • swė 'same' (indeclinable; used in yn swė 'the same')
    • aswė (archaic) 'to compare'
      • only in blėš aswuj 'incomparable'
  • √s-k-n
    • skan 'to live (at a certain place)'
    • myskan 'apartment'
    • skėn 'scene'
    • saken 'to inhabit'
    • etysken 'to arise' (phonosemantically matched from Greek σηκώνομαι)
  • √s-l-m
    • slėm 'peace; hello!'
      • Slėm ȝlėkøm! 'hello (more formal)'
    • slem 'whole'
    • aslem 'to complete'
    • stylem 'to make peace; to reconcile'
    • tysalem 'to repay'
  • √s-m(-m)
    • sem 'name'
    • samem 'to name'
  • smein 'sky'
    • smeinit 'heaven' (from OTog. θarHebθ samaynīθ "celestial domain")
  • √s-m-ȝ
    • smaȝ 'to hear'
    • asmeȝ 'to make someone hear'
  • √s-m-n
    • smen '(is) fat'
    • samny 'fat, oil'
  • √s(-j-)r
    • sir 'to sing, to call (of an animal)'
    • sajer 'to admonish, to warn'
    • seiran 'smoke signal' (source of English siren)
    • stysir 'to announce'

Š

  • šan 'herd'
  • √š-v-t
    • švøt 'stay'
    • šavot 'Saturday' (Hebrew loan)
  • √š-v-3
    • švu3 'sad' (same semantic shift as English sad)
    • ašve3 'to sadden'
  • √š-ð-y
    • šaði 'breast', pl. šaðein
  • ּ√š-l-ȝ
    • šelȝy 'rib'
  • √š-m-l
    • šmėl 'left'
  • √š-g-l
    • šgul 'heavy'
    • šøgly 'weight'
    • šagel 'to weigh'
    • šøgli 'to weight'
  • √š-l-γ
    • šalγy 'snow'
  • √š-n-j
    • šanė 'to repeat'
  • √š-ȝ-r
    • šeȝart 'strand of hair'
    • šėȝer 'Khuamnisht poet' (calqued from Anorite)
    • šėȝerit 'shighery, Khuamnisht and Anorite poetry'
  • šol 'fox'
  • šøm 'therefore; than'
  • šfarðy 'frog'
  • šur 'sure' <- yšur
  • √š-t-w
    • šytaw 'winter'
    • šatu 'to hibernate'

T

  • √t-'-r
    • tar 'face'
      • ly tar 'in front of'
    • tart 'form'
  • √t-r-m
    • atrem 'explain'
  • √t-l-l
    • tlul 'steep; difficult'
  • √t-r-n
    • trøn 'throne'
    • atren 'enthrone'