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Nahónda: Difference between revisions
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|states = Great Plains First Nations Confederation | |states = Great Plains First Nations Confederation | ||
|speakers = 60,450 | |speakers = 60,450 | ||
|date = | |date = 2013 | ||
|familycolor = panlaffic | |familycolor = panlaffic | ||
|fam1 = Nahenic | |fam1 = Nahenic | ||
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Nahónda phonology is relatively straightforward. Except for ejectives, its phonemic inventory otherwise consists of an average set of consonants, and a five-vowel system. Its phonemic inventory is considerably larger than Nankóre, which lost most of its voiced consonants, and is slightly larger than Minhast, which lacks affricates. In syllabic structure, a CV syllabic structure predominates and almost all words end in a vowel, although intermedial biconsonantal clusters do occur, e.g. ''wanko'' /waŋku/ "that one over there". | Nahónda phonology is relatively straightforward. Except for ejectives, its phonemic inventory otherwise consists of an average set of consonants, and a five-vowel system. Its phonemic inventory is considerably larger than Nankóre, which lost most of its voiced consonants, and is slightly larger than Minhast, which lacks affricates. In syllabic structure, a CV syllabic structure predominates and almost all words end in a vowel, although intermedial biconsonantal clusters do occur, e.g. ''wanko'' /waŋku/ "that one over there". | ||
=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
Nahónda is the only Nahenic language that has preserved the original ejectives reconstructed from the protolanguage. The velar fricative and pharyngeal fricative were also lost, merging with /h/. The rhotic /r/ merged with /l/, likely due to Lakota influence. | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" | ||
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=== | === Vowels === | ||
{| class="IPA" cellspacing="0px" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; background:none;" | {| class="IPA" cellspacing="0px" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; background:none;" | ||
|- style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;" | |- style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;" | ||
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! colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E0E0E0" | Pronominals | ! colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E0E0E0" | Pronominals | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center" | | | style="text-align:center" | Agent | ||
| style="text-align:center" | Patient | | style="text-align:center" | Patient | ||
| style="text-align:center" | Extensions | | style="text-align:center" | Extensions | ||